高英6Fineartsofputtingthingsoff.docx
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高英6Fineartsofputtingthingsoff
UnitTwo
Text1:
TheFineArtsofPuttingThingsOff
Ⅰ.Learningobjectives
Ⅱ.Warm-upquestions
1.Howdoyoufindthetext,easyordifficult?
（generalimpression）
2.Whatarethespecificdifficultiesyoucameacrosswhenreadingthetext?
i.Diction（formal,bigwords）
ii.Style（formal）
iii.Tone（serious?
humorous?
）
iv.Allusions
III.Questionsonthetext
1.Whatistheauthor’sargument/message?
⏹Youcanwellputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.
⏹Procrastinationisnotaltogetherabadpractice.Sometimesitisrecommendable..
（Comparewithconventionalideas:
⏹Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucadotoday.
⏹Procrastinationisthethiefoftime
2.Howwouldyoucommentontheauthor’stone?
⏹halfserious,halfjoking
3.Readquicklythebeginningofeachparagraph.Canyouseethegeneralorganizationalpatternofthetext?
Workouttheoutline
IOpeningtopresentthetopic（para1）
IIClassificationofhumanbeingsintotwocategories
IIIMainargument:
Procrastinationasaworldwidewayoflife
Para3:
literary/artistic
Para4:
military,diplomatic,legal
Para5:
commercial/business
Para6:
administrative
Para7:
academic
Para8medical
IVConclusion
IV.Analysisofthetext
Paragraph1:
1.WhatadvisedidLordChesterfieldgivetohisson?
Washehimselfagoodexampleofdoingthingspromptly?
Explaintheirony.
2.Tosupporthisthemethatevenwell-knownpeopleareinahabitofdelayingthings,theauthorgivesseveralexamples.Whatexamplesaregiven?
（QuintusFabiusMaximus,Moses,Hamlet）Readthenotesandexplaininyourownwordswhatisthethingthateachofthempostponed?
i.Quintus–delayedbattle（cautionanddelaytowearouttheenemy.）
ii.Moses–delayedpassingGod’smessagetoPharaoh.
iii.Hamlet–putoffrevenge
3.Areyouimpressed/amusedbytheauthor’seffectiveopening?
What’syourimpressionoftheauthor’sstyle?
Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorrefersto5peoplewhoarewell-knowneitherinhistoryorliterary/religiouscircles,whoarethey?
5well-knownhistoricalfigures:
LordChesterfield,Dr.Johnson,QuintusFabiusMaximus,Moses,Hamlet
Whatmakesthefivepeoplerelatedinthiscontext?
Orwhatisthethingthateachofthempostponeddoing?
1.Istheauthor’swayofbeginningtheessayeffective?
2.Whydoestheauthorrefertovisitstothebarber,thedentistandthedoctor“Faustianencounters”?
3.Readthetopicsentenceandcommentontheorganizationpatternoftheparagraph.
4.Examinehowtheauthorcontraststhetwodifferentwaysofdoingthingsandunderlinetheverbs.Aretheyusedinparallel?
5.Inline14,theauthorwrites“untiltheapocalypticvoiceofDinerthreatensdoomforDenver”.Explainwhatthe“Apocalypse”isandwhatisthemetaphoricaluseof“apocalyptic”?
6.Readnote8andtellwhatyouknowof“Faust”
7.Whatistypicalofthose“do-it-nowers”?
Andwhataboutthe“delayers”?
8.Readthe3rdparagraph,think:
whatkindofpeoplemaybelongto“acreativesoul”?
Howmanysupportingdetailsaregivenintheparagraph?
Pleasenotehowtheauthorreferstoaparticularnovelistandlaterto“manyawriter”toconvincethereadersthatdelaycandobenefitstowriters/artistsingeneral.
9.Notethetopicsentenceofparagraph4andhowitisdeveloped.Explainthehumor/ironyintheexamplesgiven.
10.Military/diplomatic/legalmattersarenormallyurgentbusinessthatasksforimmediateaction.Howeveraccordingtotheauthor,postponementremainsaprevailingpracticeinthesecircles.Whatarethedetails?
11.Whataretheexcusesnormallygivenbythosewhopostponewritingacademicpapers?
12.Howdoestheexplosionofinformationbecomeanexcuseforthosewhohesitatetotakeaction?
Ⅲ.Relevantinformation
1.LordChesterfield:
LordChesterfield（1694—1773）:
EnglishStatesman,oratorandauthor;literaryreputationrestsuponhisletterstohisillegitimatesonwhowasborninHollandin1732.Thelettersarenotedforwitandworldlywisdom.Theywerepublishedin1774underthetitle“LetterstoHisSon”.
2.Dr.SamuelJohnson（1709—1784）:
Englishpoet,critic,andmanofletters;theliterarydictatorinEnglandinthelaterhalfofthe18thcentury;stronginfluenceonliterarythoughtandstyle;oneofthemostfamouspersonalities;bestknownforDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage（innovationinlexicography）
rankofBritishnobleman:
Duke-Marquis-Earl-Viscount-Baron
Duches-Marquise-Countess-Viscountess-Baroness
3.QuintusFabiusMaximus:
Romangeneral,whosecautiousdelayingtacticsgaveRometimetorecoveritsstrengthandtaketheoffensiveagainsttheinvadingarmy;sogetthenickname“Cunctator”;Fabianism（derivedfromhisname“Fabius”）
4.FabianSociety:
foundedin1884;advocatingsocialchangethroughgradualreformratherthanbyviolentrevolutionaction
Adj.employingacautiouslypersistentstrategytowearoutenemy
5.Moses:
aHebrewPatriarch;borninEgypt,ledtheJewishawayfromtheirbondageand,acrossthedesert.DuringthejourneyhewasinspiredbyGod.
6.Jehovah:
thenameofGodusedintheOldTestament
Paraphrase:
MosesjustifiedhisunwillingnesstopassJehovah’sordertoPharaoh,sayingthathewas“slowofspeech”.
7.Faustianencounters:
Faust:
awanderingartronomerandnecromancerwholivedinGermany（1488—1541）andwasreputedtohavesoldhissoultotheDevil;hewastheheroofdramasbyMarloweandGoethe（“Faust”）.InGoethe’stheherohadmanyencounterswithMephistopheles,theDevil.
Ⅳ.Organizationofthetext
Para.1:
Openingtopresentthetopic
Classificationofhumanbeingsintotwocategories
Mainargument:
Procrastinationasaworldwidewayoflife
Para3:
literary/artistic
Para4:
military,diplomatic,andlegal
Para5:
commercial/business
Para6:
administrative
Para7:
academic
Para8:
medical
Conclusion
Ⅴ.Languagepoints
1.exhort:
tryhardtopersuadesb.todosth.
e.g.toexhortthemannottodrinktoomuch
exhortation:
n.e.g.ferventexhortationstorevolutionaryactions
2.getround:
alsocomeroundto;tofindtimeforsth.Ordoingsth.Esp.afterdelay
e.g.--Ishouldbeabletogetroundtothatjobnextweek.
--Afteralongjourneyhegotroundtowritingtheletter.
--Thecommitteewillgetroundtoyoursuggestionaftertheyhavedealtwithurgentbusiness.
3.attestto:
testify/betheproofof/toprovesth.
e.g.Thefingerprintsonthegunattestedtohisguilt.
.4.bedubbed:
a.begiventhenameof
e.g.Londonwasdubbedthe“insurancecapitaloftheworld”.
b.todubafilm
e.g.TheTVseriesisdubbedintosixlanguages.
5.plead:
a.topleadaparticularthingasanexcuse
e.g.–Hemightfinditconvenienttopleadignorance.
--IpleadedthatIfellill.
c.f.b.topleadguilty/notguiltyinacourt（toofficiallystatethat…）
c.topleadwithsb.todosth.e.g.topleadhertocontrolherself.
6.ungodly:
（colloq.）a.outrageouse.g.anungodlyhourtoarrive（atanunreasonablyprecisehour）精确到不近人情的时间
b.wicked
7.todineonsth.:
toeatsth
e.g.Howpleasantitistodineonfinewell-cookedfishandfreshvegetables,insuchcharmingsurrounding.
c.f.todineout:
toeatdinnerinarestaurant
e.g.Let’sdineouttonight.
todineoff:
e.g.Doestheemperorreadilydineoffgoldplates?
用金盘子吃？
8．filefor:
a.toapplyformally正式申请
tostartactioninlawtowardssth.
e.g.Theactor’swifehasfiledfordivorceagain.
b.（Am.E）toofferoneselfformallyforapost
e.g.Howmanypeoplehavefiledforthisoffice?
9.apocalyptic:
forebodingimminentdisasterorfinaldoom预示世界末日的
from:
theApocalypse〈启示录〉a.thelastbookoftheNewTestament,recountingadivinerevelationtoSt.John;Itdescribesvisionsofheavenandapropheticaccountoftheendoftheworld.
b.revelationesp.oftheendoftheworld.
10.DinersClub:
introducedin1950thefirstuniversalcreditcard.
11.Denver:
thecapitalandthelargestcityofColorado（probably:
wheretheheadquartersofDinersClub）
12.doom:
（biblical）endoftheworld.
（text）withdrawthecreditcardfromtheowner.
13.geodetic:
fromgeodesy,thebranchofmathematicsdealingwiththefiguresandareasoftheearth.测量学
14.proconsul:
anadministratorinacolony殖民地总督
15.Singaporesling:
analcoholicdrink
16.ruminateabout/on/over/upon:
reflecton/think;toconsidersth.carefullyandatlength.
e.g.–Aspeoplegrowold,theybegintoruminateontheuncertaintyoflife.瞻前顾后
--Manyvaluableideashavecomethroughruminatingovervariouspossibilities.
17.nattering:
chattering,noisy
18.orderin:
a.toobtain（supplies）byordering,usu.inquantity
e.g.Haveyouorderedinenoughenvelopesthismonth?
b.toordersb.toenter
e.g.Theteacherorderedthechildrenin.
（text）:
toobtainsuppliesofmachinegunsandfreshtroopsbysendingouttelex.所幸的是他没有现代化的电传催他调进更多的枪支和援兵。
19.addictedpostpones:
不可救药地
20.echelon:
alevel/rankinanorganization/society
e.g.theupperechelons
21.corporatedynamics:
公司运行机制/动力
dynamic：
adj.sb.fullofenergy
e.g.Thenewpresidentisadynamicandableman.
c.f.thedynamics:
motiveforcesthatcausechanges.
e.g.thedynamicsofindustrialdevelopment工业发展的动力
22.speedy:
e.g.–Aspeedysettlementofthestrikeisessential.
--Suchdoubtswerenowspeedilyremoved.
23.bureaucracy:
a.agovernmentbycentraladministration
b.theofficialsofsuchagovernment,esp.regardedasoppressiveandinflexible
bureaucratize:
governedbyortransformintoabureaucraticsystem
bureaucratization:
excessivered-tape官僚主义化
24.tosmothersb./sth.in/with:
tocoversb./sth.withaheavycoverofsth.
e.g.–tosmotherthefirewithearthtomakesureitstopsburning
--Them
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