对小说《死亡诗社》中尼尔悲剧的原因分析.docx

对小说《死亡诗社》中尼尔悲剧的原因分析.docx

《对小说《死亡诗社》中尼尔悲剧的原因分析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《对小说《死亡诗社》中尼尔悲剧的原因分析.docx（17页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

对小说《死亡诗社》中尼尔悲剧的原因分析

Abstract

AmericanclassicnovelDeadPoetsSocietymainlytellsthestoryoftheteacherandagroupofyoungstudentswithapersonalindependenceofconductofthestory.Thewritershowssomecontradictionsandconflictsbetweentheschoolandthestudents,parentsandstudents,teachersandstudentswithunadornedstyle.Thisisapartoflifeandfreedom,andthetraditionalrelatededucationalnovel,alsoisaclassicalliteraturewhichquestionsandchallengesthetraditionalteaching,isasymbolofyouthandvitality,isthefreshnessofthedeepspringoflife.

ThenoveldescribestheprocessindetailthatNeilfightsagainstwiththeschool,theparentsandthetraditioninordertopursueidealandfreedom.Howevertheidealisgood,therealityiscruel,Neilfailstorevoltandendswithsuicide.ThetragedyofNeilreflectsfromoneaspecttheinfluenceofschooleducationandfamilyeducationonteenagers.

Thepaperconsistsofthefiveparts:

ThefirstpartgivesageneralideaofthenovelDeadPoetsSociety.ThesecondpartdescribesthetragedyofNeilanditsembodimentsinthenovel.ThethirdpartdiscussesthecausesofthetragedyofNeilinthenovel.ThefourthpartstatesNeil’stragedyinthenoveltotheenlightenmentofcurrenteducationinourcountry.Thelastpartistheconclusionofthepaper.

KeyWords:

education;freedom;Neil;tragedy

摘要

美国经典小说《死亡诗社》主要讲述了一个特立独行的老师和一群年轻学生的故事。

作者用朴实的文风展现了学校与学生，家长与学生，老师与学生之间所发生的冲突矛盾。

这是一部关于传统，生命，自由的教育小说，也是一部向传统教学提出质疑和挑战的文学经典，是青春和活力的象征，是生命春意正浓时鲜活的记忆。

小说详细叙述了尼尔为追求理想和自由，与学校，父母，传统相抗争的过程，然而理想是美好的，现实是残酷的。

尼尔抗争失败，最后以自杀结尾。

尼尔悲剧从侧面反映了学校教育和家庭教育对青少年的影响。

本文由五部分组成:

第一部分介绍了《死亡诗社》的基本内容。

第二部分概括叙述尼尔的悲剧及其在小说中的体现。

第三部分探讨小说中造成尼尔悲剧的原因。

第四部分论述尼尔悲剧对我国当前教育的启示。

最后一部分为本文的总结。

关键词：

教育；自由；尼尔；悲剧

Contents

TOC\o"1-3"\h\z\u1.Introduction1

2.TheSpecificEmbodimentsofNeil’sTragedyintheNovel.1

2.1BeingForcedtoGiveuptheDreamofActing2

2.2BeingForcedtoChoosetheFutureCareer2

2.3SuicidewithDespair3

3.TheCausesofNeil’sTragedy3

3.1TheFactorsofSchool3

3.1.1SevereSchoolSystem4

3.1.2TraditionalTeachingMethods5

3.2TheFactorsofFamily5

3.2.1AutocraticFamilyEducation6

3.2.2RigidFather7

3.3TheFactorsofNeilHimself7

3.3.1LackofCouragetoRevolt8

3.3.2DealingwiththeProblemsinExtremeWay8

4.TheEnlightenmentsforCurrentEducationinOurCountryfromNeil’sTragedy9

4.1TheEnlightenmentsforCurrentSchoolEducation10

4.2TheEnlightenmentsforCurrentFamilyEducation11

5.Conclusion12

Bibliography13

TheAnalysisoftheReasonsforNeil’sTragedyintheNovelDeadPoetsSociety

1.Introduction

DeadPoetsSocietyisaneducationalnovelwrittenbyAmericanwriterN.HKlibomnwhowroteitin1989.ThisisthestoryofstudentswhostudyatWeltonAcademy.TherearefourpillarsinWeltonAcademy:

“Tradition,”“Honor,”“Discipline,”and“Excellence”（Klibomn4）.Agroupofinnocentandwell-bredstudentshaveboringclasseslikeasceticmonks,andthewholeschoolisisolatedandinanimate.FortunatelythenewEnglishteacherMr.Keating’scominglikeaboltofredlightningflashedacrosstheskyatmidnightwhichbreakstheoriginallifestyleoftheschool.What’smore,Mr.KeatingleadshisstudentstojointheDeadPoetsSocietywhichrepresentsromanceandpassion,andthesestudentsoftengettogetherinamysteriouscave.Undersuchanatmosphere,theyoungstudentsseemtofindromanceandpassionbelongingthem.However,thetraditionalpowerrepresentedbyHeadmasterNolanexertincreasingpressureonMr.Keatingandhisstudentsagainandagain.Finallytheirargumentscauseashockedconflict:

anexcellentstudentNeilwithoutstandingtalentofactingwhokillshimselfwithdespair...

2TheSpecificEmbodimentsofNeil’sTragedyintheNovel.

Neilisahandsome,kind,outgoing,andprettyexcellentstudent,alsowasatrueleaderamonghisclassmates.Everythingseemedtobeperfect,butinNeil’sinnerworld,hewasnothappyatall.Becausehewasverypassiveunderthetraditionaleducationsystemoflearningstepbystep,andhelivedinafamilywithautocraticeducation.AlthoughNeillovedtoact,hehadtogivetherealdreamunderhisfather’sstrongcontroltochoosethefuturecareerhedidn’tlike:

tobeadoctor.WhenhisfatherMr.PerryfoundthatNeilmanagedtoactAMidsummerNight’sDream（Shakespeare,1600）hewasverymadathisson,becauseinMr.Perry’seyesactingwasawasteoftime.InordertothrottleNeil’sdreamofacting,Mr.PerrytriedtowithdrawNeilfromWelton.ActuallyhisarrangementintensifiedthecontradictionfurtherandacceleratedthedeathofNeil.Facedwithfather’scontrol,Neilwasweaktorevolt,sohekilledhimselfextremelywithfullofdisappointmentanddespair.AbsolutelywecanseeNeilwasmiserableinhisshortlife.Hecouldn’tchooseschool;hecouldn’tinsisthisdream;evensohecouldn’tcontrolhislife.Intheend,theburstingdreamandtherebukingoffatherwerelastdrawtokillNeil.

2.1BeingForcedtoGiveuptheDreamofActing.

InNeil’sdeepheart,hewasstronglyeagertorealizehisdreamofacting,buthisfatherdidn’tcareabouthisideaevenNeilwastalentedofacting.Mr.PerryalwaysviewedactingasawasteoftimeanditcouldruinNeil’slife.Sohewouldnevereverlethissonstudyacting.

WhenNeilgotthecharacterofPuck,heyelledinthehallway:

“Igotit!

”“Igotthepart!

”“IamPuck!

”（Klibomn102）.Therearethreeexclamationmarksinthenovelandit’sobvioustoindicateNeillovesactingsomuch.Howeverhisfatherwassoangryknewthisnewsfromhisfriend.“Neil,youaregoingtoquitthisridiculousplayimmediately”（Klibomn148）.Mr.Perrybarked.Andhecontinued,“Idon’tcareiftheworldistoanendtomorrownight,youarethroughtheplay!

ISTHATCLEAR”（Klibomn148）.Untilthatmoment,Neilstilllackedcouragetoagainsthisfather,andhecouldjustforcehimselftosayYes,sir.FromthesedialoguesbetweenNeilandhisfatherwecanseethatNeilwasapoorboy,hedidn’tdaretorevolthisfatherinpublic.

AlthoughNeilkeptthefathersecretlyandactedAMidsummerNight’sDream（Shakespeare,1600）thefinalresultwasfather’sstronganger,Neil’ssuicide.WiththedeathofNeil,everythingcametoanend.AttheendofthestoryofNeil,hecouldn’trealizehisdreambecauseofhisfather.Hegaveuphisloveforacting,hislife.Hegaveupeverythingwithoutfurtherado.

2.2BeingForcedtoChoosetheFutureCareer.

ItisclearthatthefathergotadominantpositionfromtheirconversationsbetweenNeilandhisfather,andfatherarrangedeverythingforNeilandheignoredhisson’sideatoplanthefuturecareerforNeil:

tobeadoctor.Thefatherbelievedthatwasthebestchoiceforhisson.

SoinNeil’sdailyschoollife,Mr.Perryintervenedhisextracurricularactivities:

“Neil,I’vedecidedthatyou’retakingtoomanyextracurricularactivities”（Klibomn22）.Hesaid.Mr.PerryhopedhissonjusttobeaboyofallsaintsandherequestedthatNeilcouldn’tdoanythingelseinadditiontolearning.ActuallyinNeil’sheart,hedidn’tlikemedicineatall,hejustwantedtoactinthestagetoshowhispassion,buthecouldn’tbreaktherulesfromhispowerfulfather,hewasnotstrongenough.OfcourseNeiltriedtoconvincehisfatherbutgotabadresponse:

“Whenyou’vefinishedmedicalschoolandyou’reonyourown,youcanasyouplease.Untilthen,youwilllistentoME”（Klibomn22）.Mr.Perrysaidthat.

Mr.PerryimposedhisownthoughtsonNeil,eventhoughitwasabsolutelywrong.Therewasjustonepointhestressed:

gotoHarvardandthentobeadoctor.ForNeil,itwasabigpressure,andhecompletelydrainedofemotion,becausehecouldnotchoosebutaccept.Facedwithfather’sanyarrangement,Neilwassoweaktocompromiseconstantlythathewasforcedtochoosehisfuturejob.

2.3SuicidewithDespair

WhenMr.PerryknewthatNeiljoinedtheacting,hewenttothetheaterandtookNeilhome.Therewasaheavyconflicthappenedbetweenthefatherandtheson.Mr.Perrydidn’tthoughtNeilunderstandhimwellandinsistondefyinghim.“Iwon’tletyousquanderthem”（Klibomn186）.Heshouted.Atthattime,maybeNeilchallengedtheauthorityofhisfather,butitwasn’tworth.

Whateverthereason,Mr.Perrydidn’tallowNeiltopursuehisowndream.Attheend,Neilsataloneinhisdarkenedbedroom,feelingdisappointedandhopelessandhefelthewasabrittleemptyshellandhethoughtdeathatthattime.Maybeitwasthebestwayforhim.Soatthatsilentnight,Neilkilledhimselfwithhisfather’srevolver;worethecrownofflowersasPuck.Nillefttheworldintheextremeway.

Whenwecomebacktotherealityofrealityfromtheperipheryoffaithandreason,theironycomes.Theslightchangeoftheangleofviewandtheslightadjustmentoftheemotionalcolorwillmaketheworldbecomeunbearableterroristworld（Frye235）.Thus,whentheheroNeilfromthemidsummernight'sdreamandthegrowthofthereturntorealityinthewinter, inthefaceofthedarknessoftheblow,hechosetoendhislifetragically.Beforehecommittedsuicide,hetookoffhisclothesandshoes,openedthewindow,andheputonthecrownofhisperformanceforthelasttime.Suchabehavior,NeilmaywanttobeinthewayofthesufferingofJesus,ontheonehandhopethathissoulforever,continuetopursuetheidealsofthefuture,ontheotherhandtothedeathofhisowntowakeuplatergenerations.However,althoughNeil'sfatherlosthisbelovedson,hestilldidnotreflectonhisownproblems,butalsoaskedtheschooltoinvestigatethecauseofdeathofNeil,thecrimedirectedattheteacher,Mr.Keating.Parentspinnedonthechild'sdreamasthetragedyofdisillusionmentstillr