大一上学期英语精读 Unit 7.docx
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大一上学期英语精读Unit7
•Unit7
WordsandExpressions
•slam
•swerve
•scramble
•lunge
•stricken
•besupposedtodo
•figure
•faint
•reassure
•confide
•indiscriminate
•survive
•panic
•alarm
•transfer
•alternative
•lament
•anticipate
•witness
•indebted
•L1.slam
（1）v.toshutloudlyandwithforce（把…）砰地关上，使劲关闭
e.g.
Weheardacardoorslam.
Sheslammedthedoorsohardthattheglasscracked.
Outsideinthestreet,cardoorsslammedandpeoplewereshouting.
（2）n.thenoiseoractionofadoor,windowetcslamming（门）砰的关上，（使劲关门时的）砰的一声
e.g.
Standingthereinthedrizzlingrain,heheardtheslamofhercardoor.
Weheardadoorslaminside.
•L2.swerve
（1）n.asuddenturntooneside突然的转向
e.g.
Thewideswerveofthetruckisdangerous.
Thecar____________________toavoidthedog.
（2）v.toturnsuddenlytooneside（whenmovingalong）（移动时）突然转向
e.g.Adograninfrontofthecarandweswervedtoavoidit.
Thecar_________theright.
Dozenswereinjuredwhenapassengerbusswervedintothewronglaneandslammedintoanotherbus.
•L3.scramble
（1）v.tomovequickly;movesomewhereinahurriedawkwardway（急速、别扭地）快速移动
e.g.
Mickyscrambledtohisfeet（=stoodupveryquicklyandawkwardly）andhurriedintothekitchen.
Alanscrambledoutofthecrowd.
（2）v.toclimbesp.overaroughorsteepsurfacequickly,orcrawloverusu.roughgroundwithdifficulty快速爬行，匍匐前进，攀登
e.g.
Theboys_____________thewall.
Theytriedto___________thecliff.
（3）v.tostruggleorcompetewithotherpeopletogetorreachsth.争夺，争抢
e.g.
Thepassengers____________theseat.
Thousandsofpeoplewillbescramblingfortickets.
（4）n.aneageranddisorderlystruggle争夺，争抢
e.g.
Thereisausualscrambleforthebathroominthedormeverymorning.
•L4.lungev.tomakeasuddenforcefulforwardmovement突然向前冲、扑
e.g.
John_____________andgrabbedhimbythethroat.
Therobber________himwithaknife.
Thereporters_________thetelephone.
•L5.strickena.verybadlyaffectedbytrouble,illness,unhappinessetc.受困扰的，遭灾的，遇难的，经受或不堪…（疾病、悲痛等）之苦的
e.g.
Thechildrenwerestrickenwithterror.
Rescueteamsracedtothestrickenaircraft/ship.
Thepanic-strickenwoman（=Thewomanstrickenwithpanic/filledwithsuddenterror）screamed.
Suppliesofmedicinewererushedtothestrickencity.
药品被迅速送往受灾城市。
Theseclothesaretobesenttopovertystrickenareas.
这些衣物是送到极度贫困地区的。
Agriefstrickenmotheristellingushertragedy.
一位悲痛欲绝的母亲正向我们诉说她的悲剧。
•L9-10.besupposedtodosth.
（1）shoulddo;haveadutyorresponsibilitytodosth.应该做，理应做，有义务做
e.g.
We’resupposedtocheckoutofthehotelby11o’clock.
Whattimeareyousupposedtobethere?
You’renotsupposedtosmokehere.
（2）begenerallyconsideredtobe;havethereputationofbeing一般认为
e.g.
Ihaven’tseenitmyself,butit’ssupposedtobeaverygoodfilm.
•L18.figurev.[esp.AmE]toconsider认为，以为
e.g.
Fromthewayhebehaved,Ifiguredthathewasdrunk.
*figureout—thinkaboutaproblemorsituationuntilyoufindtheanswerorunderstandwhathashappened想出，理解
e.g.
Oneofthetasksfacingallfreshmenistofigureoutwaystocounterthisloneliness.
Canyoufigureouthowtodoit?
Women.Ijustcan’tfigurethemout.
•L22.faint
（1）v.toloseconsciousnessunexpectedly昏厥，（突然）晕倒
e.g.
Theyoungsoldierfaintedinthehotsun.
Imusthavefainted,andwhenIcametoIdidn’tknowwhereIwas.
Inearlyfaintedwhentheytoldmetheprice.
他们告诉我价钱时我几乎晕过去。
（2）a.weakandabouttoloseconsciousness虚弱得发晕的，将昏厥的
e.g.
Hefeltfaintfromlackoffood.
Iwasfaintwithhunger.
（3）n.anactofbecomingunconscious昏厥
e.g.
Shefelldownina（dead）faint.
Davidcollapsedtothecarpetinafaint.
•L23,48.reassurevt.tosayordosth.inordertomakesb.feellessfrightened,worriedornervous使安心，使放心，使恢复信心
e.g.
Thechairman/directortriedtoreassuretheshareholdersthatthecompany’sbadresultswouldnotberepeated.
Iwasworriedthatmyworkwasn’tgoodenough,buttheteacherreassuredme（aboutit）.
Thepolicereassuredheraboutherchild’ssafety/thatherchildwassafe.
警方叫她放心，她的孩子很安全。
Iwasreassuredbytheirofferofsupport.
他们表示支持，使我感到宽慰。
*reassuringa.makingyoufeellessworriedoruncertainaboutsth.令人感到宽慰的，令人放心的
e.g.
IfeltmuchbetterwhenIsawherreassuringsmile/heardherreassuringvoice.
It’sreassuringtoknowthatthere’salwayssomeonearoundtohelp.
*reassurancen.helporadvicethatmakesyoufeellessworriedorfrightenedaboutaproblem安慰，慰藉；aremarkorstatementthatmakessb.feelcalmeraboutsth.thatisworryingthem安慰（的话）
e.g.
Martinalwayslookedtohissisterforreassurance.
Thepatientneededrepeatedreassurances.
Wehavebeengivenreassurancesthatthewaterissafetodrink.
•L30.confidev.totellsth.secretlytoapersononetrusts吐露（秘密，心事等）
*confide（tosb.）that…（向某人）吐露…
*confidesth.tosb.向某人吐露某事；将某物托付给某人照管
*confideinsb.信赖某人，无保留地向某人吐露心事
e.g.
Heconfided（tome）thathehadspentfiveyearsinprison.
IfindthatIcanonlyconfideinmyparents.
Sheconfidedhertroublestoafriend.
Heconfidedhismoneytohisbrother’ssafe-keeping.
Heconfidedtohisfriendsthathedidn’thavemuchhopeforhismarriage.
他私下告诉他的朋友说他对自己的婚姻不抱太大希望。
There’snoonehereIcanconfidein.
这里没有一个我可以信赖的人。
•L31.indiscriminatea.notcarefullychosen不加选择的，不加鉴别的，不分好坏的
e.g.
Troopswereaccusedofindiscriminatekillingsofcivilians.
Wedon’tlikeherindiscriminateapplicationofcosmetics.
Heisindiscriminateinhischoiceoffriends.
他择友不慎重。
*indiscriminatelyad.
e.g.
Thesoldiersfiredindiscriminatelyintothecrowd.
•L32.survivev.tocontinuetoliveorexistafter…经历…之后还存在，比…活得长
e.g.
Thosepeoplesurvivedthesecondworldwar.
Mygrandmasurvivedmygrandpabyover30years.
Noneofourphotossurvivedthefire.
Thereareconcernsthattherefugeesmaynotsurvivethewinter.
人们担心那些难民可能熬不过冬天。
Theseplantscannotsurvivethefrost.
这些植物不经霜冻。
•L36.panic
（1）v.（tocause）tohaveasuddenfeelingoffearthatmakesoneactwithoutthinkingcarefully（使）恐慌
e.g.
Hestartedtopanicwhenhesawthegun.
Thethunderpanickedthechild.
Seeingthehijacker,everyonewaspanicking.
Thecrowd___________thesoundoftheexplosion.
Theprotestsbecamemoreviolentandmanylandowners______________________thecountry.
（2）n.（astateof）suddenuncontrollablequickly-spreadingterrororanxiety恐慌，惊恐，惊慌
e.g.
Thechildrenfledin（a）panic.
Theaudiencepanickedwhenthefirestarted.（v.→n.）
Theaudiencegotinto/werethrowninto（a）panicwhenthefirestarted.
•L40.alarm
（1）vt.tofillwithfear,anxiety,andworryaboutthefuture使恐慌，使焦虑不安
e.g.
Idon’twanttoalarmyou,butIcan’tfindthekey.
Neighbourswerealarmedbytheearlymorninggunattack.
Herhightemperaturealarmedherparents.
她体温很高，让父母很担心。
Alarmedbythenoise,thebirdsflewaway.
鸟被那声响吓飞了。
（2）afeelingoffearoranxietybecausesth.dangerousmighthappen惊恐，惊慌
e.g.
Iturnedinalarmasthewindblewthedooropen.
Thisnewsfillsmewithalarm.
There’snocauseforalarm.
•L42.transfer
（1）v.tomoveorarrangeforsb.tomovefromoneplace,job,position,etc.toanother（使）转移，调动
e.g.
AtLondonwetransferredfromthetraintoabus.
TheheadofficehasbeentransferredfromGuangzhoutoBeijing.
Thatfootballplayerishopingtotransfer/betransferredtoanotherteamsoon.
Itransferredfromabustoanundergroundtrain,fromwhichItransferredtoanotherbus,beforeIreachedmydestination.
我由一公交车转乘地铁，再转乘另一公交车，才到达目的地。
Theyaretransferringmetotheheadoffice.
他们正要把我调往总部。
（3）n.anactorprocessoftransferring转移，调动，换乘
e.g.
Gettingthereoftenmeansacoupleoftransfersonabusline.
Penny’sappliedtobetransferredtotheheadoffice.（v.→n.）
Penny’sappliedforatransfertotheheadoffice.
•L42.alternative
（1）a.thatcanbeusedinsteadofsth.else可用来代替另一个的，可供选择的的
e.g.
Thewaywasblocked,sowewentbyanalternativeroad.
Therearealternativewaysofexpressingthesameidea.
Haveyougotanalternativesuggestion?
你有没有其它的建议？
Therearealternativeanswerstoyourquestion.
你的问题还有别的答案。
（2）n.achoicebetweentwoormorethings;oneoftwoormorepossibilities选择，抉择，取舍，可供选择的事物、办法等
*analternativeto…除了…之外的选择，代替…的另外一个选择
e.g.
Youhavethealternativeofmarryingorremainingabachelor.
Ihadnoalternative/There’snoalternative_____sellthecar.
Thereareseveral____________yourplan.
Theonly_____________beingtakenprisonerwastodiefighting.
•L44.lamentv.tofeelorexpressdeepsorrow为…悲痛，哀悼，痛惜
e.g.
Thenationlamentedthepassing/deathofitsgreatwriter.
Welamented（for）afriend’sdeath.
Thedeclineofgoodmannersistobelamented.
NobelPrize-winningeconomistMiltonFriedmanoncelamentedthatsinceeveryonehandlesmoney,therearemanyknow-nothingswhothinktheyunderstandeconomics.
Stoplamenting（over）yourmisfortunes.
你别再悲叹自己的不幸了。
*lamentationn.[fml]deepsadnessorsth.thatexpressesit悲痛，哀悼
e.g.
Therewaslamentationthroughoutthelandatthenewsofthedefeat.
*lamentablea.[fml]veryunsatisfactoryordisappointing可叹的，令人惋惜的，让人失望的
e.g.
Rileyshowedalamentablelackoftact.
•L50.anticipatev.
（1）toexpect期望，预期
e.g.
Salesarebetterthananticipated.
Schoolsanticipateanincreaseinstudenttestscores.
Ianticipatehearingfromyouagain.
Idon’tanticipateitbeingaproblem.
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