BIM课程论文.docx
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BIM课程论文
TheuseofBIMtoolsinbuildinglifecycle
Abstract:
Withthedevelopmentofinformationtechnology,ithasbeenpossibletomaketheconstructioninformatizationdevelopbetterandbetter.WithmoreandmoreengineeringconstructionsadoptingtheBIM,BIMhasbeenahottopicinbuildingfield.BIMplayaroleintheprocessofbuildingconstruction,forexample,feasibilitystudy,predesignschematicdesign,designdevelopment,constructiondetailing,constructionreview.
BIMisanemergingtechnologicalandproceduralshiftwithintheArchitecture,Engineering,ConstructionandOperations(AECO)industry.Throughabundantpractices,thefunctionofBIMhasbeenexpandedtoawiderfield.
ThepresentdissertationhasgaveabriefintroductiontoBIM,relatingtoissuesofproductionandmanagementmetindifferentstagesofthewholelifecycle.
keywords:
BIM(BuildingInformationModeling),projectmanagement,lifecycleofaproject.
TableofContents
Chapter1Introduction..........................................................................................1
1.1ThebackgroundofBIM............................................................................1
1.2ThedefinitionofBIM................................................................................2
1.3Thedefinitionoflifecycle...........................................................................2
Chapter2ThevalueofapplyingBIMinthebuildinglifecycle........................3
2.1TheadvantagesforapplyingBIMindesign.............................................3
2.1.1Visualization2.1.2Convenienceformanagingthedrawings.........3
2.1.2Convenienceformanagingthedrawings........................................3
2.1.3Convenienceforsavingtime............................................................4
2.1.4Coordinateeverypart.....................................................................4
2.15lowerpowerdesign............................................................................5
2.1.6ConvenienceforBIM-basedconceptdesign..................................5
2.1.7Decreasethedesignerrorsbyusingclashdetection.....................6
Chapter3IntroductionoftheuseandtheadvantagesforapplyingBIMinconstruction...............................................................................................................7
3.1ApplyBIMtotheconstruction..................................................................7
3.1.1Reviewthedesigntolookfordesignflaw.....................................7
3.1.2Guideforlayoutofconstructionsites...............................................7
3.1.3Guideforscaffolding..........................................................................8
3.1.4Guideforconstructionprocess..........................................................8
3.1.5Useinreinforcedengineering............................................................8
3.1.6Useinconstructionbudget.................................................................8
Chapter4TheuseandtheadvantagesforapplyingBIMinoperationandmaintenancephase.....................................................................................................8
Chapter5Barriersfromprofessionalapplications...............................................10
5.1ThebarriersexistinginthedevelopmentofBIM....................................10
5.2Thesolutionsforthebarriers.....................................................................11
Chapter6ProspectofBIM.....................................................................................12
References.................................................................................................................13
Chapter1Introduction
1.1ThebackgroundofBIM
AllCADsystemsgeneratedigitalfiles.OlderCADsystemsproduce2Ddrawings.Theygeneratefilesthatconsistprimarilyofvectors,associatedlinetypesandlayeridentifications.Thenpeoplemakeuseofthedividedandfragmentedtocommunicate.Withthesetechniqueswerefurtherdeveloped,additionalinformationwasaddedtothesefiles.Blocksofdatamakethebuildingprojectmorereasonableandstandard.Withtheintroductionof3Dmodeling,advanceddefinitionandcomplexsurfacingtoolswereadded[1].
Intheprocessofpaper-basedmodesofcommunication.Errorsandomissionsinpaperdocumentsoftencauseunanticipatedcosts,delays,andeventuallawsuitsbetweenthevariousanddividedpartiesinaprojectteam.Theseproblemscausefriction,financialexpense,anddelays.Effortstoaddresssuchproblemshaveincluded:
alternativeorganizationalstructuressuchasthedesign-buildmethod;theuseofreal-timetechnology,suchasprojectWebsitesforsharingplansanddocuments;andtheimplementationof3DCADtools[3].Thoughthesemethodshaveimprovedthetimelyexchangeofinformation,theyhavedonelittletoreducetheseverityandfrequencyofconflictscausedbypaperdocumentsortheirelectronicequivalents.Oneofthemostcommonproblemsassociatedwith2D-basedcommunicationduringthedesignphaseistheconsiderabletimeandexpenserequiredtogeneratecriticalassessmentinformationaboutaproposeddesign,includingcostestimates,energy-useanalysis,structuraldetails,andsoforth.Theseanalysesarenormallydonelast,whenitisalreadytoolatetomakeimportantchanges[1].Becausetheseiterativeimprovementsdonothappenduringthedesignphase,valueengineeringmustthenbeundertakentoaddressinconsistencies,whichoftenresultsincompromisestotheoriginaldesign.
Traditionally,constructionpracticesareconductedintotallydifferentprogramsthatarenotcompatible.Theengineersfocusontheirownareaandworkandusetheirownsoftwaretoconducttheengineeringpractices.However,therearetheneedtotransformandusedifferentdataandinformationwhicharemanagedbydifferentpeoplefromallarea.Asworksoftwaresbecamemoreintelligent,moreuserswantedtosharedataassociatedwithagivendesign,thefocusshiftedfromdrawingsand3Dimagestothedataitself.Meanwhile,theerrorandinconsistencybetweeneveryworkpartywillbethemainobstaclesexistinginthewaytomakeuseofdatacomprehensively.BIMallowstheinvolvedpartstomakeinformationintoaunifieddatasource.AbuildingmodelproducedbyaBIMtoolcansupportmultipledifferentviewsofthedatacontainedwithinadrawingset,including2Dand3D.ThroughBIM,allpartiescansharethesamedata,timeisgreatlysaved,theerrorsdecrease,theengineeringprojectsgomoresmoothly.
Withthedevelopmentofinformationtechnology,ithasbeenpossibletomaketheconstructioninformationizationdevelopbetterandbetter.WithmoreandmoreengineeringconstructionsadoptingtheBIM,BIMhasbeenahottopicinbuildingfield.Moreover,BIMareshowingmoreuniquefunctionsincurrentengineeringconstruction.Inwesterncountries,BIMhasbeenappliedtoengineeringextensively.InChinatoday,BIMcomesintoengineerandarchitectinarapidspeed.However,whatBIMis?
1.2ThedefinitionofBIM
Uptonow,therearenotthestandarddefinitionaboutBIMinChina.TheNationalInstituteofBuildingSciences(NIBS)definesBIMasfollows:
Abuildinginformationmodel,orBIM,utilizescuttingedgedigitaltechnologytoestablishacompatablerepresentationofallthephysicalandfunctionalcharacteristicsofafacilityanditsrelatedproject/life-cycleinformation,andisintendedtobearepositoryofinformationforthefacilityowner/operatortouseandmaintainthroughoutthelife-cycleofafacility.
BIMisanemergingtechnologicalandproceduralshiftwithintheArchitecture,Engineering,ConstructionandOperations(AECO)industry.Throughabundantpractices,thefunctionofBIMhasbeenexpandedtoawiderfield.MoreandmorenewtechniquesareassociatedwithBIM,whichmakeBIMbeastrongtoolindifferentpartsofbuildingprojects,especiallyinbuildinglifecycle.BIMcanaccommodatemanyofthefunctionsneededtomodelthelifecycleofabuilding,providingthebasisfornewdesignandconstructioncapabilitiesandchangesintherolesandrelationshipsamongaprojectteam[3].
1.3Thedefinitionoflifecycle
Forlifecycle,itreferstotheconstructionprojectrelatedtothedevelopment,fromtheprocessoffeasibilitystudy,design,bidding,construction,rentaloperations,demolition.
Chapter2ThevalueofapplyingBIMinthebuildinglifecycle
2.1TheadvantagesforapplyingBIMindesign
Designisateameffort,involvingtheowner,thearchitectandspecialistdesignersandengineers,andwithgrowingrecognition,othersinvolvedintheproject’sfabricationanderection.Intraditionaldesign,aprojectmayneedtopasstheseprocesses,feasibilitystudy,predesignschematicdesign,designdevelopment,constructiondetailing,constructionreview.Thisisacomplicatedprocess.IfBIMisappliedtothisprocess,itwillplayauniquerole.Allthepartsinvolvedintheprojectcancontinuetheirworkinaunionplatform.
2.1.1Visualization
Visualizationincludesdesignvisualizationandschedulevisualization.Designvisualizationallowsthedesignertocomparevariousdesignoptionswithavarietyofmaterials,textures,colorsandlayouts.The3DmodelgeneratedbytheBIMsoftwareisdesigneddirectlyratherthanbeinggeneratedfrommultiple2Dviews.Itcanbeusedtovisualizethedesignatanystageoftheprocesswiththeexpectationthatitwillbedimensionallyconsistentineveryview.BIMintroducesrenderingsin3Dthatprovidearealisticrepresentationofthecolorandtextureofmaterials,whichallowsthedesignerstoexplorethemodelvisually.Modelrenderingalsohelpsthedesignerin