最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解及答案 2.docx

最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解及答案 2.docx

《最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解及答案 2.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解及答案 2.docx（77页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解及答案2

最新高考英语专题复习阅读理解（及答案）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Eatingredmeatislinkedtocancerandheartdisease,butaretherisksbigenoughtojustifygivingupjuicyburgersanddelicioussteaks?

Probablynot,accordingtoresearcherswhorevieweddatafrom12clinicaltrialsinvolvingabout54,000people.Inaseriesofcontroversialpapers,theresearchersarguethattheincreasedhealthriskstiedtoredmeataresmallanduncertain,andthatcuttingbacklikelywouldn'tbeworthitforpeoplewhoenjoymeat.

   Thoseconclusionsgoagainstestablishedmedicaladvice.TheywereswiftlyattackedbyagroupoffamousU.S.scientistswhotooktheunusualstepoftryingtostopthepapersfrombeingpublisheduntiltheircriticismswereaddressed.

   Thenewworkdoesnotsayredorprocessedmeatslikehotdogsandbaconarehealthy,orthatpeopleshouldeatmoreofthem.Theteam'sreviewsofpaststudiesgenerallysupportthetiestocancer,heartdiseaseandotherbadhealthoutcomes.Buttheauthorssaytheevidenceisweak,andthatthere'snotmuchcertaintymeatisreallythecause,sinceotherdietandlifestylefactorscouldbeatplay.

   Ifthelatestexampleofhowdivisivenutritionresearchhasbecome,withitsuncertaintiesleavingthedooropenforconflictingadvice.Criticssayfindingsoftenaren'tbackedbystrongevidence.Defenderscounterthatnutritionstudiescanrarelybeconclusivebecauseofthedifficultyofmeasuringtheeffectsofanysinglefood,butthatmethodshaveimproved.

   Basedontheiranalyses,theresearcherssaidpeopledonothavetocutbackforhealthreasons.Buttheynotedthattheirownadviceisweak,andacknowledgedthattheydidn'tconsiderfactorssuchasanimalwelfareandtheenvironment.Indeed,thecasethatmeatproductionisbadforanimalwelfareandtheenvironmentisstrongerthanthecasethatit'sbadforhumanhealth,accordingtoaneditorialthataccompaniesthereport.

   Notallofthereportauthorsagreedwithitsconclusions.Threeofthe14researcherssaidtheysupportreducingredandprocessedmeats.Acoauthorofoneofthereviewsisalsoamongthosewhocalledforapublicationdelay.

   Thosewhopushedtopostponepublicationalsoquestionedwhycertainstudieswereincludedinthereviewswhileotherswereleftout.

   Asforhisowndiet,Dr.GordonGuyatt,amemberoftheinternationalresearchteamthatconductedthereviews,saidhenolongerthinksredorprocessedmeatshavesignificanthealthrisks.Buthesaidhestillavoidsthemoutofhabit,andforanimalwelfareandenvironmentalreasons.

（1）Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?

A.Tointroduceanewrelationshipbetweenhealthandeatingredmeat.

B.Tourgemorepeopletokeepawayfromeatingredmeatregularly.

C.Topresentanewcontroversialviewonimpactsofeatingredmeat.

D.Tocriticizenutritionstudiesforlackingofconclusiveevidence.

（2）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewresearch?

A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.

C.Disapproving.

D.Objective.

（3）Guyatt'savoidingredmeatshastheweakestconnectionwith_______.

A.healthrisks

B.diethabits

C.animalwelfare

D.environmentalprotection

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromtherecentresearch?

A.Redmeatsdon'thavesignificanthealthrisks.

B.Reducingmeatconsumptionwillbeworthit.

C.Thereportauthorshavereachedaconsensus.

D.Consumingredmeatwilldogoodtohealth.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者对于吃红肉是否与癌症和心脏病有关引用了研究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Eatingredmeatislinkedtocancerandheartdisease,butaretherisksbigenoughtojustifygivingupjuicyburgersanddelicioussteaks?

Probablynot,accordingtoresearchers...”可知，吃红肉与癌症和心脏病有关，但是否这些风险大到足以让你放弃多汁的汉堡和美味的牛排呢？

根据研究人员研究发现，答案是不一定，引导出了一个关于吃红肉有争议的新观点，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据“accordingtoresearcherswhorevieweddata”，“theresearchersarguethat”，“Thoseconclusionsgoagainstestablishedmedicaladvice”，“Theteam'sreviewsofpaststudies”“thelatestexample”，“Basedontheiranalyses”等等，可知作者主要引用研究发现、结果、例子等客观数据和事实来写这篇文章，可知作者对新研究的态度是客观的，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Buthesaidhestillavoidsthemoutofhabit,andforanimalwelfareandenvironmentalreasons.”但他说避免吃红肉是出于习惯，也是为了保护动物福利和环境，没有说是健康风险问题，可以判断Guyatt避免吃红肉与健康风险的关系最弱，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Thenewworkdoesnotsayredorprocessedmeatslikehotdogsandbaconarehealthy,orthatpeopleshouldeatmoreofthem.Theteam'sreviewsofpaststudiesgenerallysupportthetiestocancer,heartdiseaseandotherbadhealthoutcomes.Buttheauthorssaytheevidenceisweak...”这项新研究并没有说红肉或加工肉类如热狗和熏肉是健康的，也没有说人们应该多吃。

以往研究通常支持红肉与癌症、心脏病和其他不良健康的联系，但这项研究的作者说这个证据是站不住脚的，可以推断红肉没有明显的健康风险，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．（2019•天津）阅读理解

   Howdoesanecosystem（生态系统）work?

Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare?

Whyaretheresomany