河北省定兴县高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练3.docx

河北省定兴县高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练3.docx

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河北省定兴县高考英语二轮复习阅读理解训练3

河北定兴县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（3）

[文化教育型阅读理解

（二）]

HumanremainsofancientsettlementswillbereburiedandlosttoscienceunderalawthatthreatensresearchintothehistoryofhumansinBritain,agroupofleadingarcheologists（考古学家）say.Inaletteraddressedtothejusticesecretary,KenClarke,40archaeologistswriteoftheir“deepandwidespreadconcern”abouttheissue.ItcentresonthelawintroducedbytheMinistryofJusticein2008whichrequiresallhumanremainsunearthedinEnglandandWalestobereburiedwithintwoyears,regardlessoftheirage.Thedecisionmeansscientistshavetoolittletimetostudybonesandotherhumanremainsof

nationalandculturalsignificance.

“Yourcurrentrequirementthatallarchaeologicallyunearthedhumanremainsshouldbereburied,whetherafterastandardperiodoftwoyearsorafurtherspecialextension,iscontrarytobasic

principlesofarchaeologicalandscientificresearchandofmuseumpractice，”theywrite.

Thelawappliestoanypiecesofboneuncoveredataround400digsites,includingtheremainsofbodiesfoundatStonehengein2008thatdatebackto3，000BC.Archaeologistshavebeengrantedatemporaryextensiontogivethemmoretime,buteventuallytheboneswillhavetobereturnedtotheground.

ThearrangementsmayresultinthewasteoffuturediscoveriesatsitessuchasHappisburghinNorfolk,wherediggingiscontinuingafterthediscoveryofstonetoolsmadebyearlyhumans950，000yearsago.IfhumanremainswerefoundatHappisburgh,theywouldbetheoldestinnorthernEuropeandthefirstindicationofwhatthisspecieswas.Underthecurrentpracticeofthelaw,thoseremainswouldhavetobereburiedandeffectivelydestroyed.

Before2008,guidelinesallowedfortheproperpreservationandstudyofbonesofsufficientageandhistoricalinterest,whiletheBurialAct1857appliedtomorerecentremains.TheMinistryofJusticeassuredarchaeologiststwoyearsagothatthelawwastemporary,buthassofarfailedtoreviseit.

MikeParkerPearson,anarchaeologistatSheffieldUniversity,said,

“Archaeologistshavebeenextremelypat

ientbecausewewereledtobelievetheministrywassortingoutthisproblem,butwefeelthatwecannotwaitanylonger.”

Theministryhasnoguidel

inesonwhereorhowremainsshouldbereburied,oronwhatrecordsshouldbekept.

1．Accordingtothepassage,scientistsareunhappywiththelawmainlybecause________．

A．itisonlyatemporarymeasureonthehumanremains

B．itisunreasonableandthusdestr

uctivetoscientificresearch

C．itwasintroducedbythegovernmentwithouttheirknowledge

D．itisvagueaboutwhereandhowtoreburyhumanremains

2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A．Temporaryextensionoftwoyearswillguaranteescientistsenoughtime.

B．HumanremainsoftheoldestspeciesweredugoutatHappisburgh.

C．Humanremainswillhavetobereburieddespitetheextensionoftime.

D．Scient

istshavebeenwarnedthatthelawcanhardlybechanged.

3．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheBritishlawgoverninghumanremains?

A．TheMinistryofJusticedidnotintendtoprotecthumanremains.

B．TheBurialAct1857onlyappliedtoremainsuncoveredbefore1857.

C．Thelawonhumanremainshasn'tchangedinrecentdecades.

D．TheMinistryofJusticehasnotdoneenoughaboutthelaw.

4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethemainideaofthepassage?

A．Newdiscoveriesshouldbereburied,thegovernmentdemands.

B．Researchtimeshouldbeextended,scientistsrequire.

C．Lawonhumanremainsneedsthoroughdiscussion,authoritiessay.

D．Lawcouldburyancientsecretsforever,archeologistswarn.

（一）

【要点综述】英国法律规定，所有从人类古代居地出土的遗骸，必须被重新掩埋。

这一决定意味着科学家们将没有足够的时间研究具有民族文化的遗骨及其他遗物。

1．B　细节理解题。

从文章可以看出，科学家对这项法律不满主要是因为这项法律对科学研究的影响是毁灭性的。

2．C　细节理解题。

根据第三段可知，尽管延长了时间，但是出土的人类遗骸终究还是要被埋回

去的。

3．D　推理判断题。

根据倒数第三段最后一句话“TheMinistryofJusticeassuredarchaeologiststwoyearsagothatthelawwastemporary，buthassofarfailedtoreviseit.”可知，尽管TheMinistryofJustice两年前向考古学家保证这项法律是暂时的，但是他们到现在还是没能修改这项法律，所以他们的工作做得不到位。

4．D　主旨大意题。

这项法律的危害在第四段有详细陈述，对于这项法律，反对的是考古学家们，所以他们才是呼吁修改法律的主要对象，这样可以排除其他三项。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

AbrahamLincolnwasbornintopoverty200yearsago.Atanyothertimeandplace,thislowlyoriginwouldhavedictatedhisfuture,butinLincoln’scase,hisself-determinationandforceofwillmadeitpossibleforhimtosecurehisseatinhiscountry'shistory.Hehasbecomearolemodelintheself-madeAmerica.

Ifyouwanttolearnaboutsomebodywhodidn’tquit,looknofurther.AbrahamLincolnhadtwobusinessventuresfailed,andthesecondonemadehimbankrupt,sohehadtospendthenext17yearsofhislifepayingforthedebt.Healsolost8differentelections.Itseemedthathehadneverdonethingsrightatthefirsttime:

thefirsttimeheranforstatelegislatureforCongress,forlandofficer,forSenate,allofthesefailed,andthefirsttimehesoughtthevice-presidentialnomination,hegotlessthan100votesnationally.Butheneverfoundittooshamefultocarryonhismission.Thenlaterin1860,onsucharoughroad,hemadeittotheWhiteHouse.Heliveduptohisfamoussaying,“Alwaysbearinmindthatyourowndeterminationtosuccessismoreimportantthananyother.”

Hecouldhavequitmanytimes-—-buthedidn’tandbecausehedidn’tquit，hebecameoneofthegreatestpresidentsinthehistoryofAmerica.OneimportantwayLincolninfluencespresentsocietyisthatwelookbackonhislifeasarolemodelforfuturegenerations.Lincoln’shighcharacterinfluencesusbecausewecomparepresent-daypoliticianstotheexampleLincolnset.AmajorinfluenceLincolnhasontheunitedStatestodayissimplythroughthegoodexamplehesetwhenitcametohonesty,persistenceandleadership.

36.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Lincolnwasbornwithasilverspooninhismouth.

B.LikeLincoln,apoororiginleadstoabrightfuture.

C.Americaisconsideredself-madebecauseofLincoln.

D.Self-determinationandwillcontributedtoLincoln’ssuccess.

【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题。

根据butinLincoln’scase,hisself-determinationandforceofwillmadeitpossibleforhimtosecurehisseatinhiscountry'shistory.可知是林肯的决心和意志导致他的成功。

故选D。

37.WhatisParagraphTwomainlyabout?

A.HowLincolnmadehiswaytotheWhiteHouse.

B.Lincolnsufferedvariousfailures.

C.Lincolnwasamanwhoneverquit.

D.Lincolnoncelosttwobusinessventures.

【答案】C

【解析】段落大意题。

根据Ifyouwanttolearnaboutsomebodywhodidn’tquit,looknofurther.可知林肯是个不放弃的人。

故选C。

38.WhichisthecorrectorderofwhathappenedtoLincoln?

a.Hewaspayingoffhisdebt.b.Hefailedintherunforlandofficer,

c.Hegotlessthan100votesnationally.d.hestucktohismission,e.Hewentbankrupt.

A.b-c-c-d-aB.c-3.-b-c-dC.6-c-s-b-dD.d-c-s-b-c

【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。

根据文章第二段的内容可知顺序是：

e.Hewentbankrupt.--a.Hewaspayingoffhisdebt.--b.Hefailedintherunforlandofficer,--c.Hegotlessthan100votesnationally.--d.hestucktohismission,故选B。

39.WhatisthefunctionofLincoln’sfamoussayinginParagraphTwo?

A.Totellusthatdeterminationisthemostimportanttosuccess.

B.Toattractreaders1attention.

C.ToshowwhyLincolnwasabletocarryoninhardtimes.

D.TosummarizeLincoln’sstory.

【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。

根据Thenlaterin1860,onsucharoughroad,hemadeittotheWhiteHouse.Heliveduptohisfamoussaying,可知这句话是为了表明为什么他能度过难关。

故选C。

40.WhydoesthewriterconsiderLincolnasoneofthegreatestpresidentsinAmerica?

A.BecausehestillinfluencesAmericaasarolemodel.

B.Becausehesetagoodexampletothepresentpoliticians.

C.Becauseofhisgreatpersonalities.

D.Becausehewentthroughdiversedifficulties.

【答案】A

【解析】推理判断题。

根据Lincoln’shighcharacterinfluencesusbecausewecomparepresent-daypoliticianstotheexampleLincolnset.可知林肯还是一个榜样并影响了美国人，故选A。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Studentswhodate（约会）inmiddleschoolhavesignificantlyworsestudyskills,arefourtimesmorelikelytodropoutofschoolandreporttwiceasmuchalcoholandtobaccousethantheirsingleclassmates,accordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofGeorgia.

"Romanticrelationshipsareatrademarkofadolescence，butveryfewstudieshaveexaminedhowadolescentsdifferinthedevelopmentoftheserelationships,"saidPamelaOrpinas，studyauthorandprofessorintheCollegeofPublicHealthandheadoftheDepartmentofHealthPromotionandBehavior.

Orpinasfollowedagroupof624studentsoveraseven-yearperiodfrom6thto12thgrade.

Eachyear,thegroupofstudentscompletedasurveyindicatingwhethertheyhaddatedandreportedthefrequencyofdifferentbehaviors,includingtheuseofdrugsandalcohol.Theirteacherscompletedquestionnaires（调查表）aboutthestudents*academicefforts.Hefoundsomestudentsneverorhardlyeverreporteddatingfrommiddletohighschool,andthesestudentshadconsistentlythebeststudyskillsaccordingtotheirteachers.Otherstudentsdatedinfrequentlyinmiddleschoolbutincreasedthefrequencyofdatinginhighschool.

"Atallpointsintime,teachersratedthestudentswhoreportedthelowestfrequencyofdatingashavingthebeststudyskillsandthestudentswiththehighestdatingashavingtheworststudyskills,'1accordingtothejournalarticle.Studyskillsrefertobehaviorsthatleadtoacademicsuccesssuchasdoingworkforextracreditbeingwellorganized,finishinghomework,workinghardandreadingassignedchapters.

"Datingaclassmatemayhavethesameemotionalcomplicationsofdatingaco-worker,"Orpinassaid,"whenthecouplebreakup.theyhavetocontinuetoseeeachotherinclassandperhapswitnesstheex-partnerdatingsomeoneelse