大一英语Unit1语言点.docx
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大一英语Unit1语言点
LanguageStudy
#Para1
TheideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeonandoffsincemychildhoodinBelleville,butitwasn’tuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold.
onandoff（oroffandon）:
fromtimetotime,nowandagain,irregularly断断续续地，有时
e.g.Ithasbeenrainingonandoffforaweek.That’swhytheclothesfeeldamp.
他不时地打瞌睡，但并没有深睡。
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possibility:
n.stateofpossible;（degreeof）likelihood（usu.Followedbythat-clauseorof）可能性
e.g.thepossibilityofterroristattack
Theyhaven’tarrived.Thereisapossibilitythattheyhavetakenthewrongroad.
takehold:
becomeestablished生根，确立
e.g.积习难除，所以你得在养成习惯之前就戒烟。
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TheideaofonechildonlyhastakenholdinmanyChinesefamilies.
“一家只要一个好”已经成为了许多中国家庭持有的观念。
CF:
takeholdof握住、抓住
e.g.Itookholdofherhandandgentlyledheraway.
Paraphrase
theideaofbecomingawriterhadcometome____________________________________
sincemychildhoodinBelleville________________________________________
itwasnotuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Translation
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________。
UntilthenI’dbeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourse.
bore:
vt.make（sb.）feeltiredandloseinterest使（人）厌烦/n.讨厌的人或事
e.g.Thespeakerwentonandon,andtheaudiencegrewboredbyhisspeech.
Idon'tknowwhyhequit-Iguesshewasjustboredwithhisjob.
boredstiff/totears/todeath/outofyourmind（=extremelybored）极其厌烦
Thejobwasdullandboring.
acrashingbore讨厌之极的人/事afrightfulbore讨厌得要命的家伙
aninsufferablebore讨厌得令人无法忍受的人anutterbore极惹人厌烦的事
Whatcanweinferfromthissentence?
UptothenIhadlostinterestinthingsrelatedtoEnglishcourses.
associate（with）:
vt.tomakeaconnectioninyourmindbetweenonethingorpersonandanother（associatesb./sth.withsth.）使联系起来，使联想
e.g.Peopleassociatetheolddayswithgoodtimes,andseemtoforgetthehardshiptheyendured.
人们想起过去的日子，就联想到美好的时光，似乎忘记了他们所遭受的苦难。
我们很自然把达尔文的名字和进化论联系在一起。
WenaturallyassociatethenameofDarwinwiththedoctrineofevolution.
vi.结交，交往（贬）
e.g.Idon'tassociatewithanycoldfishes.我不与冷酷无情的人打交道。
Heassociateswithallsortsofpeople.
Neverassociatewithbadcompanions.
n.伙伴，同事，合伙人
e.g.businessassociates/WhiteHouseassociates
CF:
associate,companion,comrade,colleague,fellow,partner这些名词均有“同事，伙伴”之意。
associate普通用词，侧重指在利害关系上密切相关。
companion指陪伴他人的人，即同伴或陪伴。
comrade指具有共同的事业、利益关系相一致的人。
colleague一般用于对同事的正式称呼，基本上专用在职业关系上。
fellow多用复数形式，指一块住、生活或同行共事的人。
partner指事业中处于合伙关系的人，或指婚姻、游戏、跳舞中的另一方。
a.副的，半正式的，准的
e.g.associateeditor/associatemember
associateprofessor（betweenprofessorandassistantprofessor）
associationn.交际，交往；联系，关联；伙伴、合作关系；协会，联盟
PassageReading:
TheChoiceofCompanion选择朋友
Agoodcompanionisbetterthanafortune,forafortunecannotpurchasethoseelementsofcharacterwhichmakecompanionshipablessing.Thebestcompanionisonewhoiswiserandbetterthanourselves,forweareinspiredbyhiswisdomandvirtuetonoblerdeeds.Greaterwisdomandgoodnessthanwepossessliftsushighermentallyandmorally.
好朋友比财富更宝贵，因为财富无法买到使友谊成为美妙之事的特质。
最好的朋友是比我们更好、更有智慧的人，因为我们会受到他的智慧和高贵行为品质的激励。
更多的智慧与仁爱，会使我们在精神和道德上得到提升。
“Amanisknownbythecompanionhekeeps.”Itisalwaystrue.Companionshipofahighorderispowerfultodevelopcharacter.Charactermakescharacterintheassociationsoflifefasterthananythingelse.Puritybegetspurity,likebegetslike;andthisfactmakesthechoiceofcompanioninearlylifemoreimportanteventhanthatofteachersandguardians.
“看一个人的朋友就知道他是什么样的人。
”这句话是真理。
高层次的友谊有着培养性情的伟大力量。
在生活的交往中，性情对性情的影响比任何事情都迅速。
纯真创造纯真，喜爱衍生喜爱；这个事实使早年对朋友的选择甚至比选择老师和监护人更重要。
Itistruethatwecannotalwayschooseallofourcompanions,somearethrustuponusbybusinessorthesocialrelationsoflife,wedonotchoosethem,wedonotenjoythem;andyet,wehavetoassociatewiththemmoreorless.Theexperienceisnotaltogetherwithoutcompensation,iftherebeprincipleenoughinustobearthestrain.Still,inthemain,choiceofcompanionscanbemade,andmustbemade.Itisnotbestornecessaryforayoungpersontoassociatewith“Tom,Dick,andHarry”withoutforethoughtorpurpose.Somefixedrulesaboutthecompanyheorshekeepsmustbeobserved.Thesubjectshouldbeuttermostinthethoughts,andcanvassedoften.
事实上，我们不是总能自主选择所有的培养。
有些是生意方面或者社会关系强加给我们的，我们没有选择他们，我们也不喜欢；但是我们不得不或多或少地与他们保持联系。
如果我们心中自有准则，能承受一些压力，这样的经历也不是一点好处没有。
总体来看，朋友依然是可以选择，也必须选择。
对于年轻人，漫无目的与“汤姆、迪克、哈里”之类的朋友联系不是最好也不是必须的。
年轻人交朋友必须遵循一些固定的原则，应该在思想上极度地重视，并且经常审视。
Companionshipiseducation,goodornot;itdevelopsmanhoodorwomanhood,highorlow;itliftssoulupwardordragsitdownward;itministerstovirtueorvice.Thereisnohalfwayworkaboutitsinfluence.Ifitennobles,itdoesgrandly,ifitdemoralizes,itdoestitdevilishly.Itsavesordestroyslustily.Nothingintheworldissurerthanthis.Sowvirtue,andtheharvestwillbevirtue;sowvice,andtheharvestwillbevice.Goodcompanionshipshelpustosowvirtue;evilcompanionshipshelpsustosowvice.
友谊无论好坏都是教育；它或多或少地会使一个人成长；它提升灵魂或者使之堕落；它提高道德或者使之沦丧。
在它的影响中没有中间道路。
如果它使人高贵，它就会尽可能地提升你的高贵；如果它使人道德沦丧，它就会恶魔般地加速你的坠落。
它彻底地挽救或者毁灭我们。
世上没有什么和友谊一样因果分明。
播种美德，收获美德；播种罪恶，收获罪恶。
良好的友谊帮助我们播种美德；邪恶的友谊使我们播种邪恶。
IfoundEnglishGrammardullanddifficult.
句型总结：
find+sth./sb./it（宾）+…（宾补）
e.g.1）LucyfindBobveryhonest.
2）Youwillfindherabeautifulgirl.
3）Maryhurriedthere,onlytofindthemallout.
4）Ihopetofindyouinbetterspiritswhenwemeetagain.
5）TheyfindtheChinesepeopletobehappyandcheerful.
6）Wefoundhimwaitingtoreceiveus.
7）Theoldmanfoundhishometownmuchchanged.
8）Hefindsitdifficulttowinthematch.
Ihatetheassignmentstoturnoutlong,lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite.
agony:
n.verygreatpainorsufferingofmindorbody（身心的）极度痛苦
e.g.Hegroanedinagony.
Hewasinanagonyofremorse/death/pain.他处于极端悔恨/垂死挣扎/极度痛苦之中。
Paraphrase
_________________________________________________________________________________
Translation
__________________________________________________________________。
turnout:
1forcesb.toleave驱逐，（使）离开
2prove结果是
3shutoff关掉
4produce;make制造，生产
1.Wearetoturnout100,000computersnextyeartomeetthemarketrequirements.
2.Itwasadifficulttime,buteventuallythingsturnedoutallright.
3.Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegreatscholars.
4.Don'tforgettoturnoutthelightswhenyougo!
5.Ifyoucan'tpaytherent,theyturnyouout.
6.Don’tgriefoveryourlostloveanymore.SometimesthingsarelikewhattheChinesefablestorysaid“Alossmayturnouttobeagain.”
turnsth.out:
produce;make制造，生产
e.g.Wearetoturnout100,000computersnextyeartomeetthemarketrequirements.我们计划明年生产十万台计算机以满足市场需要。
Theschoolhasturnedoutsomegreatscholars.
turnout:
tohappeninaparticularway,ortohaveaparticularresult,especiallyonethatyoudidnotexpect（usu.turnoutwell/badly/fineetc;turnouttobesomething）结果是
e.g.Itwasadifficulttime,buteventuallythingsturnedoutallright.
Don’tgriefoveryourlostloveanymore.SometimesthingsarelikewhattheChinesefablestorysaid“Alossmayturnouttobeagain.”别再为逝去的爱悲伤了，有时候事情就像那个中国寓言故事中说的“塞翁失马，焉知非福”。
Asitturnedout（=usedtosaywhathappenedintheend）,hepassedtheexamquiteeasily.
#Para2
WhenourclasswasassignedtoMr.Fleagleforthird-yearEnglishIanticipatedanothercheerlessyearinthatmosttediousofsubjects.
Whatcanwelearnfrom“anothercheerlessyear”?
WecanknowfromthisphrasethatbeforeMr.FleaglebecameBaker’sEnglishteacher,allEnglishcoursesweredull.
Paraphrase
WhenitwasdecidedthatMr.FleaglewouldteachusEnglishduringmythirdyearinhighschool,IexpecttheEnglishcoursetobeasboringasbefore.
WORDFOCUS:
boring
Similarwords:
notveryinteresting,dull,dreary,drab
Veryboring:
tedious,mind-numbing,soul-destroying
anticipate:
vt.
1toexpectthatsomethingwillhappenandbereadyforit预期、预料
e.g.Agoodspeakerisabletoanticipateanaudience'sneedsandconcerns.一个好的演讲者能够预料观众的需求和关注。
Obamasaidthathewasnotgoingtoanticipateproblemsbuttoseekpartnershipsincetheimmediatepriority（当务之急）istomakeeconomywork.
Itisanticipatedthattheresearchwillhavemanydifferentpracticalapplications.这项研究可望有多种不同的应用。
（anticipatethat）
Weappreciatewhatyouhavedoneforusandanticipatethatourmutuallybeneficialrelationshipwillcontinuetogrow.
Ithinkwe’vefixedeverything,andIdon’tanticipatefindinganymoreproblems.（anticipatedoingsth.）
2tothinkaboutsomethingthatisgoingtohappen,especiallysomethingpleasant希望，期待
e.g.Danielwaseagerlyanticipatingherarrival.
Weanticipateapromptreplyfromyou.殷切地盼望早日来电。
reputation:
n.（an）opinion（aboutsb.orsth.）heldbyothers名声，名誉
e.g.amanofgoodreputation名誉很好的人buildupareputation博得名声
haveareputationforsth.（=havethereputationof）因...而著名,以...闻名
liveuptoone'sreputation不负盛名;名副其实
lose[ruin]one'sreputation名誉扫地
makeanevilreputationforoneself弄得声名狼藉
inspire:
vt.
1toencouragesomeonebymakingthemfeelconfidentandeagertodosomething鼓舞、感
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