大一英语Unit1语言点.docx

1、大一英语Unit1语言点Language Study#Para 1The idea of becoming a writer had come to me on and off since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasnt until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold.on and off (or off and on): from time to time, now and again, irregularly断断续续地，有时e.g. It has been

2、raining on and off for a week. Thats why the clothes feel damp.他不时地打瞌睡，但并没有深睡。_possibility: n. state of possible; (degree of) likelihood (usu. Followed by that-clause or of)可能性e.g. the possibility of terrorist attackThey havent arrived. There is a possibility that they have taken the wrong road.take

3、 hold: become established生根，确立e.g. 积习难除，所以你得在养成习惯之前就戒烟。 _ The idea of one child only has taken hold in many Chinese families. “一家只要一个好”已经成为了许多中国家庭持有的观念。CF: take hold of 握住、抓住e.g. I took hold of her hand and gently led her away.Paraphrase the idea of becoming a writer had come to me _since my childho

4、od in Belleville _it was not until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold _ _Translation _。Until then Id been bored by everything associated with English course.bore: vt. make (sb.) feel tired and lose interest使（人）厌烦 / n. 讨厌的人或事e.g. The speaker went on and on, and the audience g

5、rew bored by his speech.I dont know why he quit - I guess he was just bored with his job.bored stiff/to tears/to death/out of your mind (=extremely bored) 极其厌烦The job was dull and boring.a crashing bore 讨厌之极的人/事 a frightful bore 讨厌得要命的家伙an insufferable bore 讨厌得令人无法忍受的人 an utter bore 极惹人厌烦的事What can

6、we infer from this sentence?Up to then I had lost interest in things related to English courses.associate (with): vt. to make a connection in your mind between one thing or person and another (associate sb. / sth. with sth.) 使联系起来，使联想e.g. People associate the old days with good times, and seem to fo

7、rget the hardship they endured. 人们想起过去的日子，就联想到美好的时光，似乎忘记了他们所遭受的苦难。 我们很自然把达尔文的名字和进化论联系在一起。We naturally associate the name of Darwin with the doctrine of evolution. vi. 结交，交往 （贬）e.g. I dont associate with any cold fishes. 我不与冷酷无情的人打交道。He associates with all sorts of people.Never associate with bad com

8、panions. n. 伙伴，同事，合伙人 e.g. business associates / White House associatesCF: associate, companion, comrade, colleague, fellow, partner 这些名词均有“同事，伙伴”之意。associate普通用词，侧重指在利害关系上密切相关。 companion指陪伴他人的人，即同伴或陪伴。comrade指具有共同的事业、利益关系相一致的人。colleague一般用于对同事的正式称呼，基本上专用在职业关系上。fellow多用复数形式，指一块住、生活或同行共事的人。partner指事业

9、中处于合伙关系的人，或指婚姻、游戏、跳舞中的另一方。a. 副的，半正式的，准的e.g. associate editor / associate memberassociate professor (between professor and assistant professor)association n. 交际，交往；联系，关联；伙伴、合作关系；协会，联盟Passage Reading: The Choice of Companion 选择朋友 A good companion is better than a fortune, for a fortune cannot purchase

10、 those elements of character which make companionship a blessing. The best companion is one who is wiser and better than ourselves, for we are inspired by his wisdom and virtue to nobler deeds. Greater wisdom and goodness than we possess lifts us higher mentally and morally. 好朋友比财富更宝贵，因为财富无法买到使友谊成为美

11、妙之事的特质。最好的朋友是比我们更好、更有智慧的人，因为我们会受到他的智慧和高贵行为品质的激励。更多的智慧与仁爱，会使我们在精神和道德上得到提升。 “A man is known by the companion he keeps.” It is always true. Companionship of a high order is powerful to develop character. Character makes character in the associations of life faster than anything else. Purity begets puri

12、ty, like begets like; and this fact makes the choice of companion in early life more important even than that of teachers and guardians. “看一个人的朋友就知道他是什么样的人。”这句话是真理。高层次的友谊有着培养性情的伟大力量。在生活的交往中，性情对性情的影响比任何事情都迅速。 纯真创造纯真，喜爱衍生喜爱；这个事实使早年对朋友的选择甚至比选择老师和监护人更重要。 It is true that we cannot always choose all of ou

13、r companions, some are thrust upon us by business or the social relations of life, we do not choose them, we do not enjoy them; and yet, we have to associate with them more or less. The experience is not altogether without compensation, if there be principle enough in us to bear the strain. Still, i

14、n the main, choice of companions can be made, and must be made. It is not best or necessary for a young person to associate with “Tom, Dick, and Harry” without forethought or purpose. Some fixed rules about the company he or she keeps must be observed. The subject should be uttermost in the thoughts

15、, and canvassed often. 事实上，我们不是总能自主选择所有的培养。有些是生意方面或者社会关系强加给我们的，我们没有选择他们，我们也不喜欢；但是我们不得不或多或少地与他们保持联系。如果我们心中自有准则，能承受一些压力，这样的经历也不是一点好处没有。总体来看，朋友依然是可以选择，也必须选择。对于年轻人，漫无目的与“汤姆、迪克、哈里”之类的朋友联系不是最好也不是必须的。年轻人交朋友必须遵循一些固定的原则，应该在思想上极度地重视，并且经常审视。 Companionship is education, good or not; it develops manhood or woman

16、hood, high or low; it lifts soul upward or drags it downward; it ministers to virtue or vice. There is no half way work about its influence. If it ennobles, it does grandly, if it demoralizes, it doest it devilishly. It saves or destroys lustily. Nothing in the world is surer than this. Sow virtue,

17、and the harvest will be virtue; sow vice, and the harvest will be vice. Good companionships help us to sow virtue; evil companionships helps us to sow vice. 友谊无论好坏都是教育；它或多或少地会使一个人成长；它提升灵魂或者使之堕落；它提高道德或者使之沦丧。在它的影响中没有中间道路。如果它使人高贵，它就会尽可能地提升你的高贵；如果它使人道德沦丧，它就会恶魔般地加速你的坠落。它彻底地挽救或者毁灭我们。世上没有什么和友谊一样因果分明。播种美德，收

18、获美德；播种罪恶，收获罪恶。良好的友谊帮助我们播种美德；邪恶的友谊使我们播种邪恶。I found English Grammar dull and difficult.句型总结：find + sth. / sb. / it (宾) + (宾补) e.g. 1) Lucy find Bob very honest. 2) You will find her a beautiful girl. 3) Mary hurried there, only to find them all out. 4) I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet

19、again. 5) They find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful. 6) We found him waiting to receive us. 7) The old man found his hometown much changed. 8) He finds it difficult to win the match.I hate the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for

20、me to write.agony: n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body（身心的）极度痛苦e.g. He groaned in agony.He was in an agony of remorse / death / pain.他处于极端悔恨 / 垂死挣扎 / 极度痛苦之中。Paraphrase _Translation _。turn out:1 force sb. to leave 驱逐，（使）离开2 prove 结果是3 shut off 关掉4 produce; make 制造，生产1. We are to turn out

21、100,000 computers next year to meet the market requirements.2. It was a difficult time, but eventually things turned out all right.3. The school has turned out some great scholars.4. Dont forget to turn out the lights when you go!5. If you cant pay the rent, they turn you out.6. Dont grief over your

22、 lost love any more. Sometimes things are like what the Chinese fable story said “A loss may turn out to be a gain.” turn sth. out: produce; make 制造，生产e.g. We are to turn out 100,000 computers next year to meet the market requirements.我们计划明年生产十万台计算机以满足市场需要。 The school has turned out some great schol

23、ars.turn out: to happen in a particular way, or to have a particular result, especially one that you did not expect (usu. turn out well / badly / fine etc; turn out to be something) 结果是e.g. It was a difficult time, but eventually things turned out all right.Dont grief over your lost love any more. S

24、ometimes things are like what the Chinese fable story said “A loss may turn out to be a gain.” 别再为逝去的爱悲伤了，有时候事情就像那个中国寓言故事中说的“塞翁失马，焉知非福”。As it turned out (=used to say what happened in the end), he passed the exam quite easily.#Para 2When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I

25、 anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects.What can we learn from “another cheerless year”? We can know from this phrase that before Mr. Fleagle became Bakers English teacher, all English courses were dull.Paraphrase When it was decided that Mr. Fleagle would teach us Engli

26、sh during my third year in high school, I expect the English course to be as boring as before.WORD FOCUS: boringSimilar words: not very interesting, dull, dreary, drabVery boring: tedious, mind-numbing, soul-destroyinganticipate: vt. 1 to expect that something will happen and be ready for it 预期、预料e.

27、g. A good speaker is able to anticipate an audiences needs and concerns. 一个好的演讲者能够预料观众的需求和关注。 Obama said that he was not going to anticipate problems but to seek partnership since the immediate priority (当务之急) is to make economy work.It is anticipated that the research will have many different pract

28、ical applications. 这项研究可望有多种不同的应用。(anticipate that)We appreciate what you have done for us and anticipate that our mutually beneficial relationship will continue to grow.I think weve fixed everything, and I dont anticipate finding any more problems. (anticipate doing sth.)2 to think about something

29、that is going to happen, especially something pleasant 希望，期待e.g. Daniel was eagerly anticipating her arrival. We anticipate a prompt reply from you. 殷切地盼望早日来电。reputation: n. (an) opinion (about sb. or sth.) held by others名声，名誉e.g. a man of good reputation名誉很好的人 build up a reputation博得名声have a reputation for sth. (=have the reputation of) 因.而著名, 以.闻名live up to ones reputation不负盛名; 名副其实lose ruin ones reputation名誉扫地make an evil reputation for oneself弄得声名狼藉inspire: vt.1 to encourage someone by making them feel confident and eager to do something 鼓舞、感