塔机安全操作规程 Safety Operation 423.docx
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塔机安全操作规程SafetyOperation423
塔机安全技术操作规程
SafetyandTechnicalOperationRegulationofTowerCrane
1.Generalregulations
1.1此安全技术操作规程适用于中东公司所有塔吊司机和信号工,他们必须按照
此规程进行工作。
This“safetytechnicaloperationaregulation”isineffectforalloperatorsandsignalmenservicingfor“CSCEC”.Theyshouldrenmemberitandmustobserveitintheirwork.
1.2塔吊司机与信号工必须按照政府部门有关规定进行培训考核并取得合格证。
Thetowercraneoperatorsandsignalmenmustbeadequatelytrainedandgetoperationallicenseaccordingtogovernment‘sministryofinterior.
1.3塔吊司机必须身体健康,体检合格。
Towercraneoperatorsshouldbeingoodhealth,noanydiseaseandhavetopassphysicalexamination.gethealthcertificate.
1.4做到“四懂、三会、一牢记”,“即:
懂性能、懂构造、懂原理、懂用途;会操做、会保养、会排除故障;牢记安全操作规程”
Towercraneoperatorsarerequiredtoknowtowercrane’scapacity,propertis,structures,operationalprinciplesandfunctions.Theyshouldalsomastertheskillstooperate,tomaintainaswellastorepairtowercranes.
1.5塔式起重机的管理、使用、保养、维修,必须严格遵守说明书和操作规程的规定。
Towercraneinstructionbook/operationmanualmustbeobservedin
theprocessoftheoperation,management/control,maintenanceandrepairoftowercranes
1.6.新安装的塔式起重机,均需经过整机调试、检验和试运转并通过第三方检验认
证后方可投入使用。
Beforenewerectiontowercranesbepracticallyappliednormallytheymustbeadjustedandcarefullyinspectedandtrialoperatedandpassedthirdpartyexamination.thethirdsafycertificatesisessentialtooperatecranes.
1.7塔吊司机进入施工现场、上下塔吊或在塔吊上做检查、保养维护、修理工作时必须穿劳保鞋、带安全帽、披挂安全带。
Whenenteringworksiteorclimbingupanddownatowercraneordoinginspection/maintenance/repairworksonthecraneoperatorsshallwearsafetyshoesandsafetybeltandhelmet.
1.8严禁司机酒后、带病或过度疲劳上机操作
Itisprohibitedthattheoperatorisdrunk,illorovertiredonworking.
1.9除操作塔吊外司机必须按规定对起重机做好保养和检查工作,认真进行清洁、润滑、紧固、调整和防腐工作。
Besidesoperationjobtowercraneoperatorsshoulddothecrane’sdaylyinspectionandmaintenance,Welldocrane’scleaningandoilingandscrewtighteningandmechanismadjustingandcomponentscorrosioninhibiting.
1.10工作时间禁止在塔吊上嬉笑打闹、吸烟;司机应专心操作不得与他人闲谈;在工作时间不得擅自脱离岗位。
gambollingorplayingandsmokingandchattingwithunrelatedpersonisprohibitedinworkinghours.Operatorsleavetheirworkingpost/positionarbitrarilywithoutforman’spermissionisprohibited.
1.11司机上下塔吊时必须抓紧扶梯,上下塔吊时不准携带笨重物品。
Youmustfirmlygriptherailswhileclimbingup/downtowercranes.Itisprohibitedtoclimbupanddowntowercraneswithheavyobjectsontheoperator’sbody.
1.12禁止由塔机上向下抛掷任何物品。
Itisprohibitedtodropanyobjectsfromtowercranes.
1.13塔吊塔身、平衡臂及吊臂上不得悬挂标语牌。
Attachingsignboardoranyotherattachmentsonthetowerbodyorcounterboomorhoistjibisprohibited.
1.14塔机上的所有安全保护装置,必须随时保养,保证其工作可靠,没有权威部门允许严禁任意移动和拆卸。
Al1thetowersafetyprotectingdevicesshallbemaintainedconstantly.Assuretheirreliability,Nomovinganddismantlingofthemfreelywithoutauthority’spermissiion.
1.15紧固在载重小车侧面的吊篮是供维修使用的,当需要维修起重臂上的某零件时,维修人员可站在吊栏内随载重小车到达维修位置维修任务,吊篮的额定承载重量为100公斤,当起吊重物时,吊栏内严禁站人,在立塔施工中,地面安装起重臂时,要仔细检查吊篮与载重小车的连接是否完善可靠。
Thecagefixedonthesideofthetrolleyisusedformaintenance.Ifmaintenanceofsomepartofthejibisnecessary,themaintenancepersoncanstandinthecageanddothemaintenanceworkalongwiththetrolley.Theloadcapacityofthecageis100kg.Nopersonstandinginthecagewhenobjectsarebeinghoisted.Duringtheassemblingofthejibonthegroundandtowererection,attachment-to-hoisttrolleymustbecheckedforsafeconnectionsandreliability.
1.16地面、楼台、施工面要设专业信号工指挥塔机作业,与司机联络,必须规定大家都懂得的信号、手势或旗语等,最好采用步话机联络。
如果视线不清,必须采用对讲机。
Dispatchspecialsignalmenattheground,platformandconstructionworkingfacetodirect/guidecraneoperationsandcommunicatewiththeoperator.Signals,handgestures,flagsigns,etc.areabsolutelyconformedtoacommoncriteriontheyallunderstand.Bettertocarryoutcommunicationsbywa1kie-talkie.Iftoohightooseesignalorthesitevisibilityisunclearwalkie-talkieismustbeused.
1.17在遇大雷雨,暴雨,浓雾或塔机最高处风速超过20mls时,一律停止起重作业。
Stopalloperationsincaseofthunderstorm,heavyrain,thickmistorthetopwindspeedofthecraneishigherthan20rn/s.
1.18起重机的工作环境温度为-20'C~+40'C.
Workingenvironmenttemperatureforthecraneisintherangeof-20'C-+40'C.
1.19夜间作业,施工现场必须备有充分的照明设施。
Theconstructionsiteshallbeprovidedwithadequatelightingfacilitiesfornightoperation.
1.20停机修理或维护保养时,必须切断总电源,不许带电作业。
起重机在运行中严禁修理、调整和保养作业。
Switchoffthemainpowersupplywhencarryoutrepairormaintenancejobofcrane.Nooperationwithpoweron.Itisprohibitedthattocarryoutrepairingoradjustingormaintenanceworksundercraneservicecondition.
1.21司机必须严格按照本塔机技术性能表和起重特性曲线图的规定作业,不得超载或强行作业。
Theoperatormustoperatethecranestrictlyaccordingtoitstechnicalcharacteristicdiagramsandhoistingschematics(characteristiccurves).Noover-loadoperationorforcedoperation.
1.22塔吊司机操作中联塔吊起升机构时,对于不同档位速度,有最大起重量的限制,TC5023A塔吊可参照表2.2-1(表中括号内数字适用于TC6020A)。
如用4倍率以高速提升大于4.0t重物时,高速无法动作,控制系统自动切换到低速档位上。
TheoperatorisrequiredtokeepaclearmindthatthemaximumhoistweightofZOOMLINtowercraneislimitedwithindifferentvaluesatdifferentspeeds,whenoperatingthehoistmechanism.Refertotable2.1-1(thedigitinparenthesisisfortowercraneTC6020A,theothersisforTC523A).Forexample,whenthehoistingweightismorethan4.0tat4-fall,thehoistingmechanismcanrunathighspeed,andswitchtolowspeedautomaticallyat2fallsbycontrolsystem.
表2.1-1Table2.1-1
速度
Speed
倍率Fall
过渡档
Transitionalswitch
低速裆(lV)
Lowspeed
高速档(V)
Highspeed
4倍率4-fall
8t(10t)
8t(10t)
4t(5t)
2倍率2-fall
4t(5t)
4t(5t)
2t(3t)
1.23每月检查高强度螺栓时,须对安装高强度螺栓的连接套及附近的母材进行检查,未安装附着架的塔机特别需对基础以上的三节标准节进行检查,安装了附着架的塔机特别需对最上一道附着架附近的上两节及下一节标准节进行检查。
每月须对塔顶与回转塔身进行检查,特别需对其连接耳板及附近的母材进行检查。
Whencheckinghigh-strengthboltseverymonth,itisnecessarytochecktheboltjointsandthenearbymaterial.Itisespeciallynecessarytocheckthemofthethreetowersectionsonthefoundationifthetowercraneisnotanchoredtothebuilding.Otherwiseitisespeciallynecessarytocheckthemofthetowersectionsnearbytheanchoredpoint.Alsoitisnecessarytocheckthetowerhead,especiallytheconnectingplatesandthenearbymaterial.
1.24每日工作前和塔机工作时司机和地面工作人员应注意载重小车和吊钩的钢丝绳是否有跳绳现象,发现跳绳现象应立即停止工作,穿好钢丝绳再工作。
Watchoverthewireropeontrolleyandhookasmuchaspossibleoneachworkdaysoastofindthatropeisoutofthepulleyornot.Iftheropeisoutofthepulley,stopworkingandwindandtidyuptheropeagain.
1.25未经技术部门允许塔吊上禁止私自外接电线、插座和其它电器或改变接电线路。
操作室冬季取暖必须采取安全措施,防止火灾、触电事故。
Itisprohibitedtoconnectadditionalelectricwire/cableandclectricsocketandelectricapplianceexcepttheoringalwiringsandelectricdeviceofthetowercrane.Securemeasuresmustbetakeforwarming/heatinginthewintersoastoprotectfireorelectricshockaccident.
1.26操作室和塔吊上其它部位不允许堆放工具及其它零散物品,零散物件应装在工具箱内且应良好固定。
Itisprohibitedtoputanyscatteredpartsintowercranecabinoronotherpositionoftowercranesunlesstheyareputinaboxandsecurefixed.
2.正式操作前应做的工作
Tasksbeforetowercraneoperation
2.1检查基础状况,有无沉陷和裂纹,以确保起重机基础安全。
Checktowercraneconcretefoundation,besurethereisnoanysubsidenceorcracktoassureitissafety.
2.2检查现场环境,要保证安全作业距离及各种安全条件。
Checktowercranealloperationalsituationsanddistancewithotherequipmentsorstructures,besuretheyareenoughforsafety
2.3检查供电电缆、电线,确认无破损,无漏电。
Checkallelectriccableandwire,besurenobrokenandelectricalleakage.
2.4检查金属结构及其各工作机构外观,确信无异常、无不安全因素。
Checktheappearanceofeachofmetalstructuresandmechanisms,besurethereisnoabnormalconditionandunsafeelement.
2.5检查各机构润滑油面,确信正常、无漏油。
起重机械中的钢丝绳是易损件。
缺乏维护是钢丝绳寿命短的主要原因之一,因此应做好钢丝绳的清洁、润滑维护工作。
Checklubricatingoillevelofeachtransmissionmechanisms,besuretheyareinnormalconditionandthereisnoleakage.Thewireropesusedinhoistingmachineryareeasily-wornparts.Lackofpropermaintenanceisoneofthecausesfortheirshortservicelife.sooperatorsshouldmaimtainthewireropeingoodcleanandlubconditions.
2.6每班工作前,司机必须对塔身、起重臂、回转支承、起重臂刚性拉杆,平衡臂拉杆、卷筒联接螺栓,刹车制动器及换倍率装置等主要关键部位的销轴、螺栓等进行日常检查、紧固,确定无松动或脱离现象才允许开始作业。
Beforeworkstartateachduty-shift,theoperatorisrequiredtocarryoutroutinecheckstothekeycomponentssuchasconnectingpinsandboltsofthetowerbody,jib,slewingsupport,rigidjibtierod,counter-jibtierod,brakeandfall-changingdevice.Fastenthecheckedpartstomakesureofnoloosenessordisengagementbeforeoperationstart
2.7检查各限位装置、安全装置,确信灵活可靠,不允许带病作业。
Beforenormaloperation,theoperatorisrequiredtocarryoutitem-by-itemchecksofvarioussafetyguardsforreliability.Noforcedoperationwhentheyhaveanyfailures.
2.8每个工作日都要对钢丝绳的任何可见部位进行观察,以便发现断丝、变形、锈蚀、过度磨损、夹头松动等损坏情况。
特别应留心钢丝绳在机械上的固定部位,发现有任何明显变化时,应立即报告主管人员
Watchoverwireropevisiblepartsasmuchaspossibleoneachshiftsoastofindanydamages(forexample,brokenwire)ordeformationsorcorrosionsoroverwornsituationsorfastenerloosesituation.Particularlycareaboutthefixedropesonmachinery.Whenfindinganyapparentchanges,reporttothepersonincharge.
2.9司机在接通地面电源,登上塔机进入司机室内应全面检查按钮、操作手柄等确定处于非工作状态(处于“0”位),电压在380V~420V范围内,确认无误后方可启动总按钮。
Whentheoperatorhasswitchedonmainelectricpowerandenteredthecab,heshouldmakeoverallchecksofpushbuttonsandoperationhandles,besuretheyareallinnon-serviceconditions(in“0”positions)andelectricvoltageisbetween380Vand420V.youarenotpermittedtopressthemasterpush-buttonuntilOKconfirmed
2.10检查各指示仪表、警示灯、喇叭、蜂鸣器齐全完好,起吊重物前应空载试车,以检查各操纵杆、及控制开关、按钮等及各个机构工作、动作是否正常。
检查各安全保护限位功能是否正常有效。
如有异常立即报告负责人。
Checkallindicatingmetersandindicatinglightandwarninghornandwarningbuzzer,besuretheyareinnormal