岩土工程专业英语doc.docx

岩土工程专业英语doc.docx

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岩土工程专业英语doc

2019年岩土工程专业英语.doc

岩土工程专业外语词汇

大全中英翻译　

1.综合类

大地工程geotechnicalengineering

反分析法backanalysismethod

基础工程foundationengineering

临界状态土力学criticalstatesoilmechanics

数值岩土力学numericalgeomechanics

土soil,earth

土动力学soildynamics

土力学soilmechanics

岩土工程geotechnicalengineering

应力路径stresspath

应力路径法stresspathmethod

2.工程地质及勘察

变质岩metamorphicrock

标准冻深standardfrostpenetration

冰川沉积glacialdeposit

冰积层（台）glacialdeposit

残积土eluvialsoil,residualsoil

层理beding

长石feldspar

沉积岩sedimentaryrock

承压水confinedwater

次生矿物secondarymineral

地质年代geologicalage

地质图geologicalmap

地下水groundwater

断层fault

断裂构造fracturestructure

工程地质勘察engineeringgeologicalexploration

海积层（台）marinedeposit

海相沉积marinedeposit

花岗岩granite

滑坡landslide

化石fossil

化学沉积岩chemicalsedimentaryrock

阶地terrace

节理joint

解理cleavage

喀斯特karst

矿物硬度hardnessofminerals

砾岩conglomerate

流滑flowslide

陆相沉积continentalsedimentation

泥石流mudflow,debrisflow

年粘土矿物clayminerals

凝灰岩tuff

牛轭湖ox-bowlake

浅成岩hypabyssalrock

潜水groundwater

侵入岩intrusiverock

取土器geotome

砂岩sandstone

砂嘴spit,sandspit

山岩压力rockpressure

深成岩plutionicrock

石灰岩limestone

石英quartz

松散堆积物rickle

围限地下水（台）confinedgroundwater

泻湖lagoon

岩爆rockburst

岩层产状attitudeofrock

岩浆岩magmaticrock,igneousrock

岩脉dike,dgke

岩石风化程度degreeofrockweathering

岩石构造structureofrock

岩石结构textureofrock

岩体rockmass

页岩shale

原生矿物primarymineral

云母mica

造岩矿物rock-formingmineral

褶皱fold,folding

钻孔柱状图boreholecolumnarsection

3.土的分类

饱和土saturatedsoil

超固结土overconsolidatedsoil

冲填土dredgerfill

充重塑土

冻土frozensoil,tjaele

非饱和土unsaturatedsoil

分散性土dispersivesoil

粉土silt,mo

粉质粘土siltyclay

高岭石kaolinite

过压密土（台）overconsolidatedsoil

红粘土redclay,adamicearth

黄土loess,huangtu（China）

蒙脱石montmorillonite

泥炭peat,bogmuck

年粘土clay

年粘性土cohesivesoil,clayeysoil

膨胀土expansivesoil,swellingsoil

欠固结粘土underconsolidatedsoil

区域性土zonalsoil

人工填土fill,artificialsoil

软粘土softclay,mildclay,mickle

砂土sand

湿陷性黄土collapsibleloess,slumpingloess

素填土plainfill

塑性图plasticitychart

碎石土stone,breakstone,brokenstone,channery,chat,crushedsto

ne,deritus

未压密土（台）underconsolidatedclay

无粘性土cohesionlesssoil,frictionalsoil,non-cohesivesoil

岩石rock

伊利土illite

有机质土organicsoil

淤泥muck,gyttja,mire,slush

淤泥质土muckysoil

原状土undisturbedsoil

杂填土miscellaneousfill

正常固结土normallyconsolidatedsoil

正常压密土（台）normallyconsolidatedsoil

自重湿陷性黄土selfweightcollapseloess

4.土的物理性质

阿太堡界限Atterberglimits

饱和度degreeofsaturation

饱和密度saturateddensity

饱和重度saturatedunitweight

比重specificgravity

稠度consistency

不均匀系数coefficientofuniformity,uniformitycoefficient

触变thixotropy

单粒结构single-grainedstructure

蜂窝结构honeycombstructure

干重度dryunitweight

干密度drydensity

塑性指数plasticityindex

含水量watercontent,moisturecontent

活性指数

级配gradation,grading

结合水boundwater,combinedwater,heldwater

界限含水量Atterberglimits

颗粒级配particlesizedistributionofsoils,mechanicalcomposi

tionofsoil

可塑性plasticity

孔隙比voidratio

孔隙率porosity

粒度granularity,grainness,grainage

粒组fraction,sizefraction

毛细管水capillarywater

密度density

密实度compactionness

年粘性土的灵敏度sensitivityofcohesivesoil

平均粒径meandiameter,averagegraindiameter

曲率系数coefficientofcurvature

三相图blockdiagram,skeletaldiagram,threephasediagram

三相土tri-phasesoil

湿陷起始应力initialcollapsepressure

湿陷系数coefficientofcollapsibility

缩限shrinkagelimit

土的构造soiltexture

土的结构soilstructure

土粒相对密度specificdensityofsolidparticles

土中气airinsoil

土中水waterinsoil

团粒aggregate,cumularpharolith

限定粒径constraineddiameter

相对密度relativedensity,densityindex

相对压密度relativecompaction,compactingfactor,percentcompa

ction,coefficientofcompaction

絮状结构flocculentstructure

压密系数coefficientofconsolidation

压缩性compressibility

液限liquidlimit

液性指数liquidityindex

游离水（台）freewater

有效粒径effectivediameter,effectivegrainsize,effectivesize

有效密度effectivedensity

有效重度effectiveunitweight

重力密度unitweight

自由水freewater,gravitationalwater,groundwater,phreaticwater

组构fabric

最大干密度maximumdrydensity

最优含水量optimumwatercontent

5.渗透性和渗流

达西定律Darcyslaw

管涌piping

浸润线phreaticline

临界水力梯度criticalhydraulicgradient

流函数flowfunction

流土flowingsoil

流网flownet

砂沸sandboiling

渗流seepage

渗流量seepagedischarge

渗流速度seepagevelocity

渗透力seepageforce

渗透破坏seepagefailure

渗透系数coefficientofpermeability

渗透性permeability

势函数potentialfunction

水力梯度hydraulicgradient

6.地基应力和变形

变形deformation

变形模量modulusofdeformation

泊松比Poissonsratio

布西涅斯克解Boussinnesqssolution

残余变形residualdeformation

残余孔隙水压力residualporewaterpressure

超静孔隙水压力excessporewaterpressure

沉降settlement

沉降比settlementratio

次固结沉降secondaryconsolidationsettlement

次固结系数coefficientofsecondaryconsolidation

地基沉降的弹性力学公式elasticformulaforsettlementcalculation

分层总和法layerwisesummationmethod

负孔隙水压力negativeporewaterpressure

附加应力superimposedstress

割线模量secantmodulus

固结沉降consolid