高中英语Unit5 SectionⅣGrammar定语从句Ⅱ教案人教版必修1.docx

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高中英语Unit5 SectionⅣGrammar定语从句Ⅱ教案人教版必修1.docx

高中英语Unit5SectionⅣGrammar定语从句Ⅱ教案人教版必修1

SectionⅣ Grammar—定语从句(Ⅱ)

[新知导引]

1.(教材P34)ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.

2.(教材P34)Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.

3.(教材P34)Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.

4.(教材P34)TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.

5.(教材P34)However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.

6.(教材P34)...untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.

7.(教材P34)TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.

8.(教材P34)...wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.

[语法详解]

定语从句除了由关系代词引导外,还可由关系副词when,where,why引导,它们在从句中作状语。

1.关系副词when引导的定语从句

when表示时间,代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词,如time,day,hour,year等。

①Wewillneverforgettheyearwhenthe29thOlympicGameswereheldinBeijing.

我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。

②Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldn'tgetmucheducation.

他生活在一个盲人得不到教育的时期。

温馨提示:

when是关系副词,在从句中只能作状语,而不能作宾语或主语。

关系词如果在从句中作主语或宾语要用关系代词which或that,作宾语时常常省略关系代词。

Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight?

你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?

(when在从句中作状语)

Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm?

你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?

(that或which作spent的宾语)

2.关系副词where引导的定语从句

where表示地点,代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词,如place,factory,house,village等。

ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.

我十年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。

Heisnowworkinginthefactorywherehisfatherworked.

现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。

温馨提示:

(1)若表示地点的先行词在从句中不作地点状语时,不可用where来引导定语从句,若作主语或宾语时,应用which或that来引导定语从句。

Thisisthehousewhich/thatwasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.

这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。

(定语从句中缺少主语,所以用which/that,不用where)

Theschool(which/that)wevisitedyesterdayisnewlybuilt.

我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。

(关系代词which/that在从句中作宾语)

(2)一些特殊名词后用where引导定语从句。

如果定语从句前面的先行词是point,situation,condition,stage和case等,且在从句中作状语时,应用where来引导定语从句。

Wehavecometothepointwherewehavetofacesuchaproblem.

我们已到了必须面对这样一个问题的地步了。

It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.

把孩子们放到一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中,这对他们有帮助。

3.关系副词why引导的定语从句

why表示原因,代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语,其先行词一般是reason这个词。

Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.

我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。

Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn'tcometohisbirthdayparty?

你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗?

温馨提示:

若先行词reason在从句中不作状语,而作主语或宾语时,应用that或which来引导定语从句。

Iwon'tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.

我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。

(定语从句中缺少宾语,所以用which/that,不用why)

Thereasonwhy/forwhichyoufailed,Ithink,wasthatyouhadnotfollowedyourmother'sadvice.

我认为你失败的原因是你没有听你母亲的忠告。

(定语从句中缺少状语,所以用why或forwhich)

4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。

如果指“人”,用“介词+whom”;如果指“物”,用“介词+which”。

选用介词的依据:

(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。

YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.

昨天我们参观了西湖,杭州因其而出名。

(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成,不一定是短语)。

Theoldwomanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowisafamousartist.

刚才和你们说话的老太太是一个著名的艺术家。

(3)根据句子的意思来选择。

Mycomputer,withoutwhichIcan'tsurftheInternet,brokedownyesterday.

昨天我的电脑坏了,没有它我不能网上冲浪。

(4)表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时,常用...ofwhich/whom引导定语从句。

Ihaveabouttenbooks,halfofwhichwerewrittenbyMoYan.

我有大约10本书,其中一半是莫言写的。

Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomarelawyers.

这位老人有两个儿子,两个儿子都是律师。

温馨提示:

在定语从句中,有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用(短语拆开后含义发生变化),如lookafter,lookfor等。

Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.(正)

Thebabiesafterwhomthenursesarelookingareveryhealthy.(误)

 

考情分析

关系副词和“介词+which”引导的定语从句是定语从句考查的重点和难点,尤其是“介词+which”引导的定语从句中介词的选择。

另外,当先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时,要用哪个关系词还要看关系词在定语从句中所作的成分。

口诀助记

(口诀一)

 定语从句真奇妙,

关系代(副)词来引导,

定语从句分两种,

是否限定看逗号。

(口诀二)

which指物who指人,

地点where时间when,

that人或物均可,

why之前是reason。

即时训练

Ⅰ.单句填空

1.Wewillputoffthepicnicintheparkuntilnextweek,whentheweathermaybebetter.

2.Hewrotealetterwhereheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.

3.Manypeoplewereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthesceneswherepeoplewereeatenbythetiger.

Ⅱ.完成句子

1.一些学龄前儿童去日间托儿所,在那里他们学习简单的游戏和歌曲。

Somepreschoolchildrengotoadaycarecenterwhere_they_learnsimplegamesandsongs.

2.今天,我们将讨论一些英语初学者不能正确使用语言的情况。

Today,we'lldiscussanumberofcaseswhere_new_English_learnersfailtousethelanguageproperly.

3.我迟到的原因是我的车在路上抛锚了。

Thereasonwhy_I_was_latewasthatmycarbrokedownontheway.

4.我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得信息的时代。

Weliveinanagewhen_informationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.

5.许多国家现在都在建立国家公园,在那里动植物可以受到保护。

Manycountriesarenowsettingupnational_parks_whereanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.

Ⅲ.单句填空

1.IwishtothankProfessorSmith,withoutwhosehelpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.

2.Hemaywinthecompetition,inwhichcaseheislikelytogetintothenationalteam.

3.Hewrotemanychildren'sbooks,nearlyhalfofwhichwerepublishedinthe1990s.

4.Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.

5.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentsstudying(study)Chineseintheschool,mostofwhomwerefromGermany.

Ⅳ.根据句意在空白处填入相应的“介词+关系代词”

1.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,through_whichhecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.

2.Theageat_whichchildrencangotoschoolisseven.

3.Thedog,of_whichsheusedtobeafraid,isherfavouriteanimalnow.

4.Thespeedat_whichTomdriveshiscaristoohigh.

5.Tomistheboywith_whomIwenttothecinematogether.

 

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Wewentthroughaperiodwhencommunicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.

2.Wevisitedthecarfactorywheremyuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.

3.Hedidn'ttellmethereasonwhyhewassoexcited.

4.Doyoustillrememberthedaywhenwemetonthetrainforthefirsttime?

5.Theschoolwhereheonceworkedisfamousforitsbeautifulscenery.

6.Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutthegirlwhosefatherisanastronaut?

7.Isthistheclassroomwheretheoldsoldierisgoingtogiveusaspeech?

8.I'llneverforgetthetimethat/whichwespenttogetherinthearmycamp.

9.I'llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.

10.Iknowthegirlwhomtheteachertalkedwithyesterday.

11.NationalDayisaspecialdaywhich/thatweshouldkeepinmind.

12.Iwillneverforgetthewinterholidaywhenwestayedtogether.

Ⅱ.单句改错

1.ThebookwhichcoverisbrokenwasboughtbyTomyesterday.

which→whose

2.InBeijingwevisitedtheBird'sNestwhichthe29thOlympicswereheld.

which→where

3.Idon'tbelievethereasonwhyheexplainedtomejustnow.

why→that/which

4.IwillneverforgetthedayonthatIfirstcametohisbeautifulschool.

that→which

5.HaveyouvisitedthecitywherewasnamedafterthefirstpresidentoftheUSA?

where→which

6.Therewasaperiodoftimeinhischildhoodthathelikedlisteningtostoriesverymuch.

that→when

7.Thisisthefactorywhichheworkedtenyearsago.

which→where

8.Hegottothestationatfivethirtywherethebushadalreadyleft.where→when

Ⅲ.语法与写作

1.Thereasonwhy_he_could_not_go_therewasthathewasillinbed.

他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。

2.Wearelivinginanagewhen_many_things_are_doneoncomputer.

我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑上做的时代。

3.Aftergraduationhereturnedtothesmalltownwhere/in_which_he_grew_up.

毕业以后,他回到那个他长大的小镇上。

4.Idon'tliketheway(that/in_which)_you_spoke_to_your_parents.

我不喜欢你跟你父母讲话的方式。

5.Thehousewhich_was_destroyedintheterriblefirehasbeenrepaired.

那间在大火中被毁坏的屋子已经被重新修好了。

6.I'llneverforgetthedayswhen_I_worked_together_with_you.

我永远也不会忘记和你一起工作的日子。

 

课时作业(二十) Unit5 SectionⅣ Grammar—定语从句(Ⅱ)

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Couldyoutellmethereasonwhyyouwerelateforyourworkyesterday?

2.ThecarwhosewindowgotbrokenintheaccidentbelongstoMrBrown.

3.ThisistheprimaryschoolwherebothmybrotherandIstayedforsixyears.

4.Thisisthelittlegirlwhoseparentsbothgotkilledinthetrainaccidentlastyear.

5.MotheralwaysremembersthedaywhenIwasborn.

6.Thoughitisreasonableforthedirectortoeducatehisstaff,Idon'tlikethewaythat/in_whichhespoketothem.

7.Thisisthehousewheremygrandfatherlivedthreeyearsago.

8.Thereasonthat/whichheexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.

9.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametothisschool.

10.IwillmissthedayswhenIstayedwithmyhostfamilyinParis.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

OnherfirstdayteachingstudentsfrompoorfamiliesatanafterschoolprograminNewYorkCity,AlyssaKapasinoticedhowmanykidswereliningupforfreesandwichesandfruitintheschoolcafeteria.Oneoftheworkersexplainedthatmanyofthesestudentsdon'tgetenoughtoeatathome,soaschoollunchoranafterschoolmealmightbethemostfoodtheywouldgetallday.

Kapasi,whoattendsprivateschool,wasverysurprised.What'smore,shemadeuphermindtohelp.“Iwantotherkidstounderstandthatifyouseeaproblem,youdon'thavetowaittogrowuptofixit,”saysKapasi.SheandagroupoffriendsarenowputtingtheirprogrammingskillstoworktocreateanappcalledFoodforThought,whichwillallowparents,students,andevenkindheartedstrangerstodonatetoalunchaccountforastudentinneedatanearbyschool.

About20millionAmericankidsreceivefreelunches.Twomillionmorecanhavelowpricemeals,andthosestudents'familieshavetopayforpartoftheirfood.Whentheydon'thavethemoneyonanygivenday,thestudentsmighthavetosettle_foran“alternative(可替代的)meal”suchasacheesesandwich.

Theapp—whichisgettingfinancial(财政的)supportfromaGoFundMepage—providesanonymity(匿名)tothosewhoreceivelunchanddonors.Toreceiv

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