高三月考英语试题.docx

高三月考英语试题.docx

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高三月考英语试题

上海市奉贤中学2020-2021学年高三5月月考英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、用单词的适当形式完成短文

Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

AprofessorofpublichealthatUCLAsaysthatpetownershipmightprovideanewformofhealthcare.Asfarbackasthe1790s,theelderlyataseniorcitizens’homeinEngland1．（encourage）tospendtimewithfarmanimals.Thishelpedpatients’mentalstatemorethanthecrueltherapies2．（use）onthementallyillatthetime.Inrecentyears,scientisthavefinallybeguntofindproof3．contactwithanimalscanincreaseasickperson’schanceofsurvivalandhasbeenshown4．（lower）heartrate,calmupsetchildren,andgetpeopletostartaconversation.

Scientiststhinkthatanimalcompanionshipisbeneficial5．animalsareacceptingandattentive,andtheydon’tcriticizeorgiveorders.Animalshavetheuniqueabilitytobemoresocial.Forexample,visitorstonursinghomesgetmoresocialresponsesfrompatientswhentheycomewithanimalcompanions.

Notonlydopeopleseem6．（anxious）whenanimalsarenearby,buttheymayalsolivelonger.Studiesshowthatayearafterheartsurgery,survivalratesforheartpatientswerehigherforthosewithpetsintheirhomesthanthosewithoutpets.Elderlypeoplewithpetsmakefewertrips7．doctorsthanthosewithoutanimalcompanions,possiblybecauseanimalsrelieveloneliness.Stayingwithanimalsisbelievedtocreateapeacefulstateofmind,8．（result）inafavourableenvironmentforeveryone.

Researchconfirmsthatthefindingsconcerningseniorcitizenscanbeappliedtorestlesschildren.Theyaremoreeasy-goingwhenthereareanimalsaroundwith,with9．companytheytendtocalmdownmoreeasily.Theyinvolve10．inplayingwithanimalsandthepresenceofanimalscomfortsthemgreatly.

二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文

Directions:

Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

Whatelementspopupinyourmindwhenyouthinkofscientists?

Apairofglasses,orafewwrinklesontheforehead?

Anddoyouthinkofaman,orawoman?

Well,asrecentlyreportedbyBBCNews,childrenintheUS11．womenwithscientistsmorethaninpreviousdecades,accordingtoanewstudy.

“Drawascientist”isanopen-endedtestdesignedtoinvestigatechildren’s12．ofatypicalscientist,andhasbeenconductedbysociologistsinvariousstudiessincethe1960s.Afteritbegan,asingulartheme13．:

mostofthescientistsdrawnweremen.

Inthe1960sand1970s,lessthanonepercentofchildrendrewawomanwhenaskedtodrawascientist.Butnow,thenumberhasrisentoashighas28percent,giventhefactthatwomen’s14．inthescientificworkforcehasimprovedsignificantly.

JocelynSteinke,aprofessoratWesternMichiganUniversityintheUS,toldtheWashingtonPost“thestudyisimportantbecauseitshowsthatchildren’sgenderstereotypes（成见）ofscientistshave15．overthepastfivedecadesintheUnitedStates.”

However,childrenarestillfarmorelikelytodrawa（n）16．malefigurewhenaskedtodrawascientist.Asfoundinthestudy,girlsdrawon17．58percentofscientistsasmen,withboysdrawing96percent.

“Thefactthatchildrenarestilldrawingmoremalethanfemalescientistsreflectstheirenvironment.Giventheunder-representationofwomenweobserveinseveralsciencefields,weshouldn’texpectequalnumbers.But18．,wecanseethatchildren’sstereotypeschangeovertime,”DavidMiller,thestudy’sleadauthor,toldBBCnews.

Theauthorofthestudysuggestedthatmediastereotypesplaya19．roleinchildren’sviewsofscientistsastheygetolder.Forexample,childrenmaydetermine20．characteristicsofascientistbasedoncertainaspectstheyseeinthemedia,includingascientist’ssexorwhattheywear.

Meanwhile,astheWashingtonPostnoted,genderstereotypes“existacrossotherprofessions”.Forexample,whenaskedtodrawateacherinanotherstudy,only25percentchildreninonestudydrewaman.

三、完形填空

Ininterviews,famouspeopleoftensaythatthekeytobecomingbothhappyandsuccessfulisto“dowhatyoulove.”Butmasteringaskill,evenonethatyoudeeplylove,requiresahugeamountofhardwork.

Anyonewhowantstomasteraskillmustrunthroughthe21ofpractice,criticalfeedback,alteration,andimprovementoverandover.Somepeopleseemabletoconcentrateonpracticinganactivitylikethisforyearsand22theirgradualimprovement.Yetothersfindit23todothiskindoffocused,time-consumingwork.Why?

The24mayturnontheabilitytoenterintoastateof“flow”,thefeelingofbeingcompletelyinvolvedinwhatyouaredoing.Flowstatescanhappeninthecourseofanyactivity,andtheyaremostcommonwhenataskhaswell-definedgoalsandisata（n）25skilllevel,andwheretheindividualisableto26theirperformancetoclearandimmediatefeedback.

Flowstatesturntheboringpracticeintoanautotelicactivity—thatis,onethatcanbeenjoyedforitsownsake,ratherthanasameanstoanendorforobtainingsome27reward.Thenhowcanwegetintoaflowstateforanactivitythatwewanttomaster,sothatweenjoyboththe28andtherewards?

Thosewhomost29enteredintoflowstateshadan“autotelicpersonality”—aqualitytoseekoutchallengesandgetintoastateofflow.Whilethosewithoutsuchapersonalitysee30,autotelicindividualsseeopportunitiestobuildskills.Autotelicindividualsarereceptive,opentonewchallengesandalsopersistent.Suchpeople,withanabilitytofocusontasksratherthan31,haveagreatadvantageoverothersindevelopingtheirinbornabilities.

32,forthoseofuswhoaren’tnecessarilyblessedwithanautotelicpersonality,thereisevidencethatflowstatescanbepromotedbyenvironmentalfactors.Inparticular,thelearningframework33byMontessorischoolsseemstoencourageflowstates.InMontessorischools,learningcomesthrough34ratherthandirectinstructionandstudentsareencouragedtodevelopindividualinterests.Competitionis35andgradingisde-emphasized,takingthefocusoffofexternalrewards.

Whilethereisn’t（yet）apillthatcanturndullpracticeintoanexcitingactivityforanyone,itishearteningthatweseem,atleasttosomedegree,tobeabletopushourselvestowardflowstates.

21．A．cycleB．listC．circleD．series

22．A．loseinterestinB．makeupforC．takepleasureinD．makeuseof

23．A．meaningfulB．frustratingC．amazingD．shameful

24．A．behaviourB．differenceC．reactionD．procedure

25．A．appropriateB．elementaryC．advancedD．difficult

26．A．compareB．assessC．applyD．adjust

27．A．considerableB．well-deservedC．materialD．external

28．A．processB．pleasureC．complimentD．performance

29．A．reluctantlyB．blindlyC．readilyD．casually

30．A．advantagesB．difficultiesC．detailsD．faults

31．A．rewardsB．expectationsC．complaintsD．contributions

32．A．UnexpectedlyB．OccasionallyC．TraditionallyD．Fortunately

33．A．declinedB．criticizedC．advocatedD．considered

34．A．adaptationB．discoveryC．harmonyD．exposure

35．A．appreciatedB．guaranteedC．reservedD．discouraged

四、阅读选择

MosteconomistswereagainsttheideaofBritainleavingtheEuropeanUnion,butperhapsfewfeltsostronglyaboutit.However,inapollconductedpriortothevotebyTimesHigherEducation,atradepaper,nineintenuniversitystaffsaidtheywouldvotetoRemain.AtUniversityCollegeLondon（UCL）,whereoneintenstudentscomesfromtheEU,themoodaftertheresultwasoneof“deepshock,griefandthenconcern,”saysMichaelArthur,theuniversity’spresident.

Britishuniversitiesarehometostudentsfromallcorners:

Europeansmakeup6%ofthetotal;another14%comefromtherestoftheworld.AsaresultofEUrules,theformeraretreatedlikehomestudents,meaningthatinEnglandtheirfeesarecappedat£9,000ayearandtheyhaveaccesstostate-providedloans.Bycontrast,therearenolimitsonfeesforstudentsfromtherestoftheworld.AgeographydegreeatOxfordcostsnon-EUstudents£22,430ayear.

Butlifewillsoongettrickierforuniversities.ThebigissueiswhetherEUstudentswillcontinuetohaveaccesstoloans,saysMr.Mian.WithdrawingtheloansfromEUstudents,however,wouldriskabigdropintheirnumber,whichcouldcausea50-75%fallinthenumberofEUstudentsatUCL.

OtherspointoutthatundersuchasituationuniversitiesprobablywouldbefreetochargehigherfeestoEUstudents,astheycurrentlydofornon-Europeans.Thatmayhelp,saysRichardShaw,headofeducationatGrantThornton,anaccountingfirm,butitseemsunlikelythatanyincreaseinfeeswouldbesufficienttomakeupforthefallinstudentnumbers.Thosenumberscoulddropfurtherifforeignstudentsareputoffbythereferendum（公民投票）result,whichsomehaveinterpretedasasignofhostilitytowardsmigrantsingeneral.

Brexit（脱欧）comesatanawkwardtimeforuniversities.Manyhaveborrowedmoneytofundexpansion,followingthegovernment’sdecisionin2013toliftthecaponthenumberofstudentsthatEnglishuniversitieswereabletoaccept.Somemightnowfindtheirnewlecturehallslessfullthantheyhadhoped.

Mostcountriesdoalltheycantolurestudentsfromaroundtheworld,includingseekingtoattractthebestlecturers.Thatissensible:

somestudentsstickaround,boostingtheeconomy;othersreturnhomewithfondmemoriesofthecountrywheretheyspenttheirearlyadulthood.Allofthempayfortheprivilege.Immigrationrestrictionsonnon-EUstudentsha