北京市中考英语试题及答案.docx

北京市中考英语试题及答案.docx

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北京市中考英语试题及答案

2018年北京市中考英语试题及答案

知识运用（共14分）

一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）

从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.MybrotherandIlikefootball.________playittogetheronceaweek.

A.IB.TheyC.WeD.You

2.Happybirthday,Peter!

Here’sgift_________you.

A.forB.inC.withD.from

3.--_________doyouusuallygotoschool,Mary?

--Bybike.

A.WhenB.HowC.WhereD.Why

4.Manypeoplelikepandas______theyarecute.

A.thoughB.ifc.whileD.because

5.I______gonow,orI’llmissmytrain.

A.canB.mightC.mustD.could

6.Tonyis_____ofthethreeboys,butheisthetallest.

A.youngB.youngerC.youngestD.theyoungest

7.Billlikesreading.He_________picturebookswithhisdadeveryevening.

A.readB.readsC.isreadingD.hasread

8.–Paul,whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight?

--I_______amovieinthecinemawithmyfriends.

A.waswatchingB.watchC.havewatchedD.willwatch

9.Davidisatennisplayer.He________toplaytenniswhenhewassixyearsold.

A.beginsB.willbeginC.beganD.hasbegun

10.---Lucy,isyouruncleateacher?

----Yes,heis.He______historyfornearly20years.

A.teachesB.hastaughtC.isteachingD.willteach

11.Anewinternationalairport_____inthecitynextyear.

A.completedB.iscompletedC.willcompleteD.willbecompleted

12.----Alice,couldyoutellme_____London?

---Sure.LastSunday.

A.whenMr.SmithleftB.whenMr.Smithwillleave

C.whendidMr.SmithleaveD.whenwillMr.Smithleave

二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

Realsolutions（解决方法）toproblems

Thirtyengineerswereworkingasateaminacompany.Theywereyoungandeagertolearn.Themanagementdecidetoteachthemaboutfindingrealsolutionstoproblems.

Oneday,theteamwascalledfora13inahall.Theywerequitesurprisedandallreachedthehallholdingvarious14.Astheyentered,theyfoundaboxplacedinthecenter,fullofflatballoons.

Themanageraskedeveryonetopickaballoonandblowitup.Thentheywereaskedtowritetheirnamesontheirrespective（各自的）balloons_15sothattheballoonswouldn'tblowout.Alltried,butnoteveryonewas_16.Fiveballoonsblewoutduetopressure（压力）

Thosewhofailedtomarktheirnamesontheballoonswere17outofthegame.Asaresult,25engineerscametothenextlevel.Alltheballoonscarryingtheirnameswere18andthenputintoaroom,hereandthere.

Theengineersweretoldtopicktheballoonwithhisorhernameon.Allthe25engineersbegantosearchfortherespectiveballoonsinarush.Itwasalmost15minutesbutnoonewasableto__19therightone.Thesecondlevelofthegamewasover.

Thencamethefinallevel.Theengineerwereaskedtopickanyballoonandgiveittothepersonnamedontheballoon.Withinacoupleofminutes,allballoons20thehandsoftherespectiveengineers.

Themanagerannouncedthiswastherealsolutiontotheproblem.Manytimesinourlife,sharingandhelpingothergiveusrealsolutionstoproblems

concert

13.A.gameB.showC.concertD.party

14.A.purposesB.suggestionsC.thoughtsD.plans

15.A.quietlyB.carefullyC.secretlyD.clearly

16.A.bonestB.readyC.patientD.successful

17.A.checkedB.helpedC.ruledD.cheated

18.A.collectedB.weightedC.tiedD.cleaned

19.A.markB.hideC.numberD.find

20.A.freedB.reachedC.liftedD.hit

阅读理解（共36分）

三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

（共26分，每小题2分）

A

Hi,there!

Itwasmy15thbirthdaylastSaturday.SomeofmyfriendsandAlan,mycousin,cametocelebrateit.Everyonebroughtmeagift.Wehadaparty.Weplayedgames,sangsongsandhadabigbirthdaycake.Itwasreallyawonderfulday!

Didyoudoanythingspeciallastweek?

Yes.Myclasswereonschoolfieldtriplastweek.First,wewenttotheUniversityofNorthCarolinatolearnaboutthehistoryofitsbasketballteam.Manybasketballstarswerestudentsthere’.Thenwevisitedamuseum.Welearnedabouthowtheplanewasinventedandtookmanypicturesthere.

Well,Iwasluckyenoughtogotoaconference（会议）oncharity（愁着）lastWednesday.Iwassoexcitedtomeetalotofkindpeoplethere.OneofthemwasaboynamedRichard.Hespokeattheconferenceaboutthecharityworkthathehaddoneinthepastfewyears.

Itwasadifferentweekthanusual.LastThursday,myschoolband（乐队）wenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition.Iplayedtheviolinandwewonaprize!

OnFriday,wewenttotheGeorgiaAquariumandgottoseedifferentkindsofsealifefromallovertheworld.Itwasreallycool!

21.WhendidRogerhavehisbirthdayparty?

A.LastWednesdayB.LastThursday

C.LastFridayD.LastSaturday

22.Whowentonaschoolfieldtriplastweek?

A.AlanB.JessicaC.SaraD.Richard

23.MartinwenttoAtlantato_____.

A.speakataconferenceB.organizeaparty

C.performinacompetitionD.visitauniversity

B

ABeautifulMoment

WhenIwasinhighschool.Iworkedpart-timehelpingDadsellfruitsandvegetablesatamarket.Oneday,asIwaspreparingthefruits,alittleboycamebywithhismomandsister.Hewasabouteightyearsold,andthegirl,fiveorsix.Theywerelookingatthefruitsinfrontofme.Iheardthekidssaytotheirmom（inFrench）."They’regood!

"IknewitwasFrench,becauseIcanspeakandunderstandit.

ThenInoticedhowthemomwaspickingthefruits.AtfirstIthoughtshewasreallylookingatthefruitsbecauseshewasfacingthem,butthenInoticedhowmuchshehadtofeelandsmelleachoneasshepickedthemout.Andsheoftenaskedhersonifitlookedokay,butlookedwayabovewherehisfacewas.PuttingwhatIsawtogetherIwassureshewasblind.

Bothofthekidscontinuedtohelptheirmompickoutthefruits.

Thesonmadesurethefruitswerenotobviouslybad,andthedaughterhandedthemtohermom.Thewomanthenfelteachoneandsmiled,andthedaughterwouldputthemintotheirbasket.Thekidsweresmilingwhilehelpingtheirmompickthefruitsout.

Theirsmileandgentlemannermovedmeinawaythatneverhappenedbefore.Itwassobeautifultoseesuchyoungkidssowillinglyhelp.Mostkidsthatagewouldbepickingoutcandiesortoysinastoreforthemselves,insteadofhelpingtheirmompickoutfruits,asthetwokidsdid.

Itwasgreattowitnessthemoment,butnotsogreatbecauseIdidn’ttellthemomhowbeautifulherchildrenwereintheirlanguage.ThisiswhatIregrettothisday.

24.Thewomanandherkidscametothemarkettobuy_____.

A.fruitsB.vegetablesC.candiesD.toys

25.Accordingtowhathesaw,thewriterwassurethemothercouldn’t_______.

A.speakB.seeC.smellD.hear

26.Thewriterwasmovedbecause_______.

A.themotherwasbravetofaceherproblems

B.thekidswerepoliteandkindtoeachother

C.themotherwascarefulinpickingoutthings

D.thekidsweresowillingtohelptheirmother

C

Someprimaryschoolchildrenhavebeenraisedinhomeswithmoregreenspacearound.Theyarelikelytocomewithlargervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterincertainareasofthebrain.Thesedifferencesareassociated（关联）withbeneficialeffectsoncognitivefunction（认知功能）.ThisisthemainconclusionofastudyledbytheBarcelonaInstituteforGlobalHealth.

Thestudywasperformedamong253schoolchildreninSpain.Lifelongexposure（接触）togreenspaceinthelivingplaceswasrecorded-usingtheinformationonthechildren'saddressesfrombirthupthroughtothetimeofthestudy.Brainstructurewasstudiedusing3Dmagneticresonanceimaging（MRI）.Workingmemoryandinattentiveness（注意力不集中）weregradedwithcomputers.

"Thisisthefirststudythatshowstheassociationbetweenlong-termexposuretogreenspaceandbrainstructure,”saysDr.PayamDadvand,theleadingresearcherofthestudy."Ourfindingssuggestthatexposuretogreenspaceearlyinlifecouldresultinbeneficialstructuralchangesinthebrain.”

Thefindingsshowthatlong-termexposuretogreennessispositivelyassociatedwithwhiteandgreymattervolumesinseveralpartsofthebrain.SomeofthemarerelatedtohigherscaresoncognitivetestsMoreover,largervolumesofwhiteandgreymatterinthosepartsmightleadtobetterbatherworkingmemoryandlessinattentiveness.

Exposuretonaturehasbeenthoughttobenecessaryforbraindevelopmentinchildren.Anotherstudyof2,593childrenshowsthatchildreninschoolswithmoregreenspacehaveagreaterincreaseinworkingmemoryandagreaterdecreaseininattentiveness.

Humansarebelievedtobetiedtonature.Playingingreenerareasofferschildrenopportunitiestosearchandlearn.Accordingly.greenspaceisthoughttopromptimportantexercisesindiscoverycreativityandrisktaking.Theseexercisesinturnpositivelyinfluencebraindevelopment.

Dr.Dadvand'sstudysuggestshowsuchstructuralchangescouldbringaboutthebeneficialeffectsofgreenspaceoncognitivedevelopment.Italsoaddstotheproofthatsuggeststhelastingeffectsofearlylifeexposuretogreennessonourhealthandthebenefitsofincreasinggreennessincities.

Furtherstudiesareneededtoprovethefindingsinotherpopulations,settingsandclimates.Andresearchersneedtoexaminedifferencesaccordingtothenatureandqualityofgreenspace.

27.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout__________

A.howthestudywasperformed

B.whatwasrecordedinthestudy

C.howlongthestudylasted

D.whotookpartinthestudy

28.Theword“prompt”inParagraph6probablymeans“______”.

A.controlB.encourageC.balanceD.chance

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Workingmemoryinfluenceswhiteandgreymatterinthebrain

B.Dr.Dadvandstresse