高考英语全国通用版培优精准训练6周.docx
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高考英语全国通用版培优精准训练6周
第一周
练
(一)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Istherereallyaplacethatyouhaveastrongdesiretovisit,whatevertheexpense?
Ifso,you’reinmyshoes.Thefollowingplacesaremostprobablyyourbestchoices.
BoraBora
ThisPolynesianparadiseoffersonethechancetolivelikeanativePolynesian.Theclearopenskyandthecalmwatersofferonetheuniqueopportunitytoobservediversemarinelifewithlittledifficulty.ManyresortsarebuiltontheIslandandofferdifferenttoursandexperiences.
TheRainbowMountains
Thesegeographicwonderslookasiftheywerepaintedwithagiantpaintbrush.Thebrightandvividcolorsstandinsharpcontrasttothesurroundinggreenery.Asextraordinaryastheyare,thesemountainsareapartofourworld.OnecanfindtheminChina’sDanxiaLandformGeologicalPark.Suchavarietyofcolorsdoexistintherealworld.
MilfordSound
It’soneofNewZealand’slargestfjords(峡湾)carvedbyglaciersduringtheiceage.Touristscangocanoeinginariverthatflowsintominilakes.Hikinghereplacesoneamongsomeofthemostvividandbeautifulsceneryintheworld.Adventurerscanfeellikeexplorerswhohavesteppedintoahiddenworld.Thenaturalbeautyhereisenoughtomakeonerealizethetruemagnificenceofourworld.
TheGalapagosIslands
TheGalapagosIslandsconsistof13volcanicislandsandsixsmallerislands.AlthoughknownforDarwin’svisit,they’remoreattractivethanonemightimagine.Thereare900speciesofanimalsfoundintheseislands.200ofthesespeciesarespecifictotheislands.Thebluewatersandthespecificwildlifeshouldattractmoretravelerstothisparadise.
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。
文章推荐了值得去旅游、探索的四个地方。
1.TheRainbowMountainswilloffervisitorsachanceto________.
A.watchchangingcolorsofrainbows
B.takephotosinthethickforest
C.appreciategeographicwonders
D.paintmountainswithvariouscolors
答案 C [细节理解题。
根据TheRainbowMountains部分中的Thesegeographicwonderslookasiftheywerepaintedwithagiantpaintbrush及下文的内容可知,彩虹山是中国丹霞地貌地质公园,七彩斑斓的山给人视觉上的震撼。
]
2.WhatattractsvisitorstotheGalapagosIslandsmost?
A.Darwin’svisit.
B.Diversewildlife.
C.Beautifulsmallislands.
D.Theeruptionofvolcanoes.
答案 B [细节理解题。
根据最后一段中的Thereare900speciesofanimalsfoundintheseislands...andthespecificwildlifeshouldattractmoretravelerstothisparadise可知,加拉帕戈斯群岛因达尔文的到访而闻名,然而吸引游客的是岛上丰富的物种,尤其是野生动物。
]
3.WhereshouldyougoifyouwanttohikeinNewZealand?
A.BoraBora.
B.MilfordSound.
C.TheGalapagosIslands.
D.TheRainbowMountains.
答案 B [细节理解题。
根据MilfordSound部分中的It’soneofNewZealand’slargestfjords以及Hikinghereplacesoneamongsomeofthemostvividandbeautifulsceneryintheworld可知选B项。
]
B
(2018·南宁市摸底联考)WorkingupacreditscoreforWalterCavanaghhasgottobeamathematicalnightmare—themanhasnearly1,500validcreditcardstohisnameandholdstheGuinnessRecordforthemostcreditcards.Mr.PlasticFantastic—atitlegiventohimbyGuinnessWorldRecords—isalsotheproudowneroftheworld’slongestwallet,whichcanholdabout800cards.Butheusesitonlytocarryafewcards,whiletherestaresafelykeptinbanksafe-depositboxes.
Cavanaghstartedcollectingcreditcardsinthelate1960s.“OneofmybestfriendsandImadeasillybet:
theguywhocouldcollectthemostcreditcardsbytheendoftheyearwouldwindinner,”hesaid.“Igot143cardsbytheendoftheyear,andmyfriendgathered138.”Afterwinningthatbet,Cavanaghdecidedtosimplykeepgoingwithhisunusualcollection.Hegotcreditcardsfromgasstations,airlines,bars,andevenicecreamstores.
Ifthere’sonecardmissingfromCavanagh’scollection,it’sthatfromtheNewberryCompany.Theyrepulsedhisapplicationforacardintheearly1970s,eventhoughhe’dcollectedover100bythen.Theysaidhehadtoomuchcredit.Therefore,sofarhehasn’thadaNewberrycardinhiscollection.
Cavanaghhasn’tstoppedapplyingfornewcards—he’sheldtheGuinnessRecordsince1971andhasnointentionoflettinggoofit.HecopieswholepagesfromaU.S.directoryofbusinessesandkeepssendingapplications.Ifhereceivesarejection,hewritesbacktothecompanyexplaininghisgoalandambition.Buthedoesn’tcountuselesscardsinhistotalcollection.
Thankstoallthecardstohisname,Cavanaghhasaccesstoabout$1.7millionatanymoment.Despitethisprivilege,hehasmanagedtomaintainanexcellentcreditscore.
The72-year-oldretiredfinancialplannerandcreditexperthasonlyonepieceofadvicetoshare:
“Neveruseacardtobuyanythingyoucan’tpayoffinacoupleofmonths.Ifyoudon’thavethe__discipline,youshouldn’thavethecards.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。
文章讲述了沃尔特·卡瓦纳拥有将近1500张信用卡,信用额度高达170万美元,创下世界纪录。
4.Cavanaghbegantocollectcreditcardswhenhe________.
A.ownedaverylongwallet
B.madeabetwithhisfriend
C.wantedtocreateaGuinnessRecord
D.wastreatedtodinnerbyhisfriend
答案 B [细节理解题。
根据第二段中的Cavanaghstartedcollectingcreditcards...wouldwindinner,”hesaid可知,自从跟朋友打赌后,卡瓦纳就开始收集信用卡了。
]
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repulsed”inParagraph3probablymean?
A.Rejected.B.Recalled.
C.Repeated.D.Recognized.
答案 A [词义猜测题。
根据第三段中的Theysaidhehad...inhiscollection可知,卡瓦纳没有NewberryCompany的卡,表明他的申请被拒绝了,故选A项。
]
6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thediscipline”inthelastparagraphprobablyreferto?
A.Havingmanycardstoyourownname.
B.Buyingthingsbycardandpayingoffintime.
C.Managingtoownmoreprivilegesforyourcard.
D.Usingacardtobuythingsasmanytimesaspossible.
答案 B [代词指代题。
根据最后一段中的Neveruseacardtobuyanythingyoucan’tpayoffinacoupleofmonths可知,卡瓦纳建议人们:
如果几个月内无法偿还信用卡,那人们最好别用信用卡购物,故选B项。
]
7.WhatdoweknowaboutCavanagh’scards?
A.Someofthemareuseless.
B.Theyaresafelykeptinhislongwallet.
C.Theyhavebroughthimfameandprivilege.
D.Fewernewcardsareaddedtohiscollections.
答案 C [推理判断题。
根据第一段中的holdstheGuinnessRecordforthemostcreditcards及倒数第二段中的Despitethisprivilege可知,卡瓦纳收藏的信用卡给他带来荣誉并且也使他享有一些特权。
]
C
Aspinalcord(脊髓)injurydoesn’thavetobedeadlytobelife-altering.AccordingtotheMayoClinic,damagetoanypartofthecordwillaffectbodilyfunctionsbelowthesiteoftheinjury.Avehicleaccidentorahardfallcanhavethesametraumaticeffectasamajorathleticinjury.
Manyathletes,botheliteandrecreational,putthemselvesatriskofaspinalcordinjurywithoutevenknowingit.
Withthatpictureinmind,youcanprobablyguessthetypesofmovementthatputyourspineatrisk.Oneisjumpingordroppingarelativelylongdistance.Ifyou’refalling,thinkofacatandtrytolandonyourfeet.Landwithkneesbent.Researchshowsthatlandingwithbentkneesgreatlyminimizestheimpactofafall.
Don’tvoluntarilyjumpoffcurbs,picnictablesorfencesifyouhaven’tpracticedjumpingfromthoseheights.Evenifit’sonlyathree-footdrop,thebackbonecantwist,youcanstiffenup,andyourfeetcanslideoutuponlanding—therearejusttoomanyaccidentsinthemaking.
Impactinjuriescanbemoreseriousthanpeoplerealize.Apieceofbonecanbreakoffavertebra(椎骨),becomingasmallsharpobjectdangerouslyclosetothenervescomingfromthespinalcord.
Afteracrash,whetherit’sonabike,apairofskates,avehicle,orinagame,takeafewminutestoassessthings.Ifthere’sasharppaininyourback,waitafewmomentstoseeifitsubsides.Ifnot,andifthebackpainistoostrongtobear,getimmediatemedicalassistance.
Anotherwaytoprotectyourspinalcord:
workout.Thebackboneissupportedbynumerousligaments(韧带).Iftheseligamentsarestrongandflexiblebecausethey’vebeenregularlystretchedaswellasstrengthenedwithresistancework,thatwillhelpprotectthestabilityofthespineandthespinalcordwithinit.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
文章介绍了预防脊髓受伤的一些知识。
8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A.Howtoavoidaspinalcordinjury.
B.Somemythsofaspinalcordinjury.
C.Waystodetectsourcesofbackache.
D.Whyathletestendtohavetheirspineinjured.
答案 A [主旨大意题。
文章谈到脊髓受伤的严重后果,这种伤痛的多发性,造成这种伤的场合并给出相应的应对和预防建议,故选A项。
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9.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorsuggest?
A.Standingupslowlyafterabikecrash.
B.Practicingdroppingoffskatesforrecreation.
C.Bendingyourkneesuponlandingifyoufall.
D.Jumpingofffencestoperfectyourparkour’sskill.
答案 C [细节理解题。
由第三段中的trytolandonyourfeet...theimpactofafall可知,作者是在建议读者在不小心摔落时,尽量屈膝着地因为这样会大大降低伤害。
]
10.Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“subsides”inParagraph6?
A.Reflects.B.Returns.
C.Decreases.D.Occurs.
答案 C [词义猜测题。
由后一句中的Ifnot,andifthebackpainistoostrongtobear可知,作者上文建议的是:
如果后背刺痛,稍等几分钟来观察这种刺痛是否会减轻(Decreases)。
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D
Assummerapproaches,manyofusarelookingaheadtorelaxingdaysbythepool.Newresearchsuggeststhereissomethingotherthanwaterthere.
Thoughweallsuspectit’sthere,it’snoteasytoassesshowmuchurine(尿)thereisinaparticularswimmingpool(theexistenceofachemicalthatchangescolorwhenyouurinateisanurbanlegend).Butitisnotaninsignificantpublichealthquestion.
SoateamofchemistsattheUniversityofAlbertainCanadahasdevisedanewwaytoestimatetheamountbymeasuringlevelsofanartificialsweetenercommonlypresentinpeople’surine.
Thechemistssampled29poolsandhottubsinBritishColumbiaandAlberta,andfoundtheartificialsweetener,calledacesulfamepotassium,ineveryone.Inoneresidential,110,000-gallonpool,theyestimatedtheamountofurinetobenearlyeightgallons,enoughtofillthetrashcanyoukeepunderthekitchencounter.
Acesulfamepotassiumisoftenfoundincondiments,drinks,desserts,toothpasteandchewinggum.It’sanidealproxy(代表)forurine,saidLindsayBlackstock,agraduatestudentwhohelpedleadthestudy,becauseitpassesthroughthebodywithoutbeingmetab