专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟432.docx

专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟432.docx

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专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟432

专业英语四级阅读理解分类模拟432

READINGCOMPREHENSION

SectionAMULTIPLE-CHOICEQUESTIONS

Inthissectionthereareseveralpassagesfollowedbytenmultiple-choicequestions.Foreachmultiple-choicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.

PassageOne

（1）Inwalksthesethreegirlsinnothingbutbathingsuits.I'minthethirdcheck-outslot,withmybacktothedoor,soIdon'tseethemuntilthey'reoverbythebread.Theonethatcaughtmyeyefirstwastheoneintheplaidgreentwo-piece.Shewasachunkykid,withagoodtanandasweetbroadsoft-lookingcanwiththosetwocrescentsofwhitejustunderit,wherethesunneverseemstohit,atthetopofthebacksofherlegs.IstoodtherewithmyhandonaboxofHiHocrackerstryingtorememberifIrangitupornot.Iringitupagainandthecustomerstartsgivingmehell.She'soneofthesecash-register-watchers,awitchaboutfiftywithrougeonhercheekbonesandnoeyebrows,andIknowitmadeherdaytotripmeup.She'dbeenwatchingcashregistersfortyyearsandprobablyneverseenamistakebefore.

（2）BythetimeIgotherfeatherssmoothedandhergoodiesintoabag—shegivesmealittlesnortinpassing,ifshe'dbeenbornattherighttimetheywouldhaveburnedheroverinSalem—bythetimeIgetheronherwaythegirlshadcircledaroundthebreadandwerecomingback,withoutapushcart,backmywayalongthecounters,intheaislebetweenthecheck-outsandtheSpecialbins.Theydidn'tevenhaveshoeson.Therewasthischunkyone,withthetwo-piece—itwasbrightgreenandtheseamsonthebrawerestillsharpandherbellywasstillprettypalesoIguessedshejustgotit（thesuit）—therewasthisone,withoneofthosechubbyberry-faces,thelipsallbunchedtogetherunderhernose,thisone,andatallone,withblackhairthathadn'tquitefrizzedright,andoneofthesesunburnsrightacrossundertheeyes,andachinthatwastoolong—youknow,thekindofgirlothergirlsthinkisvery"striking"and"attractive"butneverquitemakesit,astheyverywellknow,whichiswhytheylikehersomuch—andthenthethirdone,thatwasn'tquitesotall.Shewasthequeen.Shekindofledthem,theothertwopeekingaroundandmakingtheirshouldersround.Shedidn'tlookaround,notthisqueen,shejustwalkedstraightonslowly,ontheselongwhiteprimadonnalegs.Shecamedownalittlehardonherheels,asifshedidn'twalkinherbarefeetthatmuch,puttingdownherheelsandthenlettingtheweightmovealongtohertoesasifshewastestingthefloorwitheverystep,puttingalittledeliberateextraactionintoit.Youneverknowforsurehowgirls'mindswork（doyoureallythinkit'samindinthereorjustalittlebuzzlikeabeeinaglassjar?

）butyougottheideashehadtalkedtheothertwointocominginherewithher,andnowshewasshowingthemhowtodoit,walkslowandholdyourselfstraight.

（3）Shehadonakindofdirty-pink—beigemaybe,Idon'tknow—bathingsuitwithalittlenubblealloveritand,whatgotme,thestrapsweredown.Theywereoffhershouldersloopedloosearoundthecooltopsofherarms,andIguessasaresultthesuithadslippedalittleonher,soallaroundthetopofthecloththerewasthisshiningrim.Ifithadn'tbeenthereyouwouldn'thaveknowntherecouldhavebeenanythingwhiterthanthoseshoulders.Withthestrapspushedoff,therewasnothingbetweenthetopofthesuitandthetopofherheadexceptjusther,thiscleanbareplaneofthetopofherchestdownfromtheshoulderboneslikeadentedsheetofmetaltiltedinthelight.Imean,itwasmorethanpretty.

（4）Shehadsortofoakyhairthatthesunandsalthadbleached,doneupinabunthatwasunraveling,andakindofprimface.WalkingintotheA&Pwithyourstrapsdown,Isupposeit'stheonlykindoffaceyoucanhave.Sheheldherheadsohighherneck,comingupoutofthosewhiteshoulders,lookedkindofstretched,butIdidn'tmind.Thelongerherneckwas,themoreofhertherewas.

（本文选自A&P）

PassageTwo

（1）Whoeverwishestocollectfromthemouthofthepeopleshouldhurry;folksongsaredisappearingoneafteranother.ThuswroteLudolfParisius,aGermansongcollector,nearlytwocenturiesago.Othershavesincesaidthesame,forjustasspokenlanguagescandie,sotoocanmusicalones.

（2）Acenturyagosong-collectionwasanimportantpartofthestudyofmusicallanguages.Therewerearchivesof"fieldrecordings"inBerlin,LondonandWashingtonDC,whichcouldexpressdeepsocialtruth:

theyweretheheartbeatofhumanity.Theyservedotherpurposes,too.Likemanyoftheircontemporaries,ZoltanKodalyandBelaBartok,twoHungarianswhovisitedMagyarvillagesintheearly1900s,usedthefolkmusictheyhoovereduptoenrichtheirowncompositions.

（3）Meanwhile,thenascentrecordcompanieswerealsogettinginontheact.ButtheBritishGramophoneCompanyanditsGermanandAmericanrivalshadlittleinterestinmusicology.ThesongsanddancestheyrecordedinCentralandSouth-EastAsiawereforsalebacktothepeopleofthoseregions,whowould,itwashoped,buytheexpensiveequipmentneededtoplaythem.Itisasweethistoricalironythattheirshellacdiscsarenowmusicologicaltreasures:

someantiqueBalinesepiecesareknownsolelybecauseintheearly1930saCanadiancomposerboughtsomeofthoserecordsinashopinBali.Thewarehousemanager,angrythathiswareswerenotselling,smashedtherestinarage.

（4）Itwasonlyin1933,whenJohnLomax,anAmericanfolklorist,beganmakinghismarathoncollectionofrecordingsfromtheAmericanSouthfortheLibraryofCongress,thatthesignificanceoffieldrecordingsbecamegenerallyrealised.Bythemid-1900stheworldwasbeingscouredbymusicologistsseekingtodocumentandpreserve,withethnographiclabelsgivingthemaltruisticsupport:

FolkwaysinAmerica,TopicinBritainandOcora,setupbytheFrenchgovernmentinitiallytorecordthemusicoftheFrenchWestAfricancoloniesastheymovedtowardsindependence.Itwasameasureoftheprestigeattachedtofield-recordingsthat,in1977,oneoftheNonesuchlabel'srecordingsoftraditionalBalinesegamelanmusicwassentintoouterspaceaspartoftheVoyagerGoldenRecord.

（5）Theworldmusicboomofthe1990swasgalvanisedbyabest-sellingCubanalbum,"BuenaVistaSocialClub".Whocouldnotbefiredbythespectacleofsomeveryoldmenandwomen（andtheirlabel）strikinggoldwithforgottenmusicofirresistiblecharm?

Recordcompaniesrushedtojointhebonanza,butitlastedonlyafewyears.ThegrowthofdigitalmediaandthedeclineinthemarketforspecialistCDs（andrecordshops'increasingreluctancetostockthem）turnedboomintobust.Thisslumphittheethnographiccompanieshard.Somecloseddown,andothersabandonedCDsinfavourofdigitaldistribution.Thelong-awaitedreleaseofDust-to-Digital'sboxofMoroccanfieldrecordings,madeinthe1950sbyPaulBowles,authorof"TheShelteringSky",highlightsanothermarketingploy:

withBowles'snoteshandsomelypresentedinaleather-boundbook,theboxisanart-objectinitself.ButTopicnowsurvivesonitsbacklist,andisnolongerabletofinancenewfieldrecordings;Ocorastillbravelycontinuestoproducethem,thoughitsdirectorSergeNoel-Ranaivoadmitsthelabel'sfutureis"notassured".

（6）SmithsonianFolkwaysisinfinefettle,inlargepartbecauseofitsunparalleledresources.Thenot-for-profitlabeloftheAmericanmuseumfollowsthepolicyofMosesAsch,whosecompany,Folkways,itacquiredin1987:

everyreleaseshouldbekeptavailabletothepublic,whetherprofitableornot.Smithsonian'sdistributionisincreasinglydigitalanditisexpandingitscollectionbyacquiringothers,including127unreleasedalbumsoftraditionalmusicthatweremadebyUNESCOinover70countries.Itstillreleasesnewfieldrecordings,butitssplendidten-CDsurveyofthemusicofCentralAsiawasonlypossiblethankstoasubsidyfromtheAgaKhanTrustforCulture.AprojectedAfricanserieswillnothappenwithoutsimilarhelp.

（7）ProfessorTheodoreLevin,producerofthatCentralAsianseries,isarareoptimist."Ethnographicrecordingshaveneverbeeneasiertomakeanddisseminate,"hesays."AnyonewithaZoomrecorderandalaptopcanmakedigitalfieldrecordingsandputthemonline."Healsopointstotheproliferationofcross-culturalfusionsnowbeingrecorded.

（8）Buttherearemorereasonstobepessimistic.YouTuberecordingsarenosubstituteforthescrupulouslycuratedproductsofSmithsonianandOcora,andalthoughsomeinspiredfusionsarebeingcreatedinCentralAsia,mostcomeandgowithoutatrace.Traditionalmusictypicallyevolvesslowly,andinastableenvironment.Ifitsecosystemisdestroyed,itcanwitheranddie.Newmusicalforms,rapincluded,continueemerging.But,assoundarchivesnowrecognise,localmusicisfadingaway.Parisius,theGermancollectorofearlysong,wasspot-on.

（本文选自TheEconomist）

PassageThree

（1）Thecementindustryisoneoftheworld'smostpolluting:

itaccountsfor5%ofman-madecarbon-dioxideemissionseachyear.Makingthismostusefulofgluesrequiresvastquantitiesofenergyandwater.Calciumcarbonate（generallyintheformoflimestone）,silica,ironoxideandaluminaarepartiallymeltedbyheatingthemto1450℃inaspecialkiln.Theresult,clinker,ismixedwithgypsumandgroundtomakecement,abasicingredientofconcrete.Breakingdownthelimestoneproducesabouthalfoftheemissions;almostalltherestcomefromtheburningoffossilfuelstoheatthekiln.

（2）About4.3b