归类复习参考高考英语核心动词.docx
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归类复习参考高考英语核心动词
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高考英语核心动词归类
动词是英语中最活跃的词类,是句子的核心成分。
此外,英语动词的变化较多,形式颇为复杂,是英语学习的难点之一。
历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点,
在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。
笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析,归纳常考动词十五类,供大家参考。
一、连系动词类
连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种:
1.变化类表事物发展变化的过程,如become,go,turn,grow,get,fall等。
2.感觉类表人体部位的感受,如feel,smell,taste,look,sound等。
3.状态类表事物所处的状态,如keep,come,run,remain,stand,lie,stay,prove等。
4.外表特征类表外表给人的印象,如appear,seem,look等。
连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。
除了少数几个(如feel,get,become,grow等)外,不用于进行时态和被动结构。
例如:
Themixtureistastedterrible.(误)
Themixturetastesterrible(正)
Jimpretendedtobefallingasleepwhenhismothercamein.(误)
Jimpretendedtofall/besleepwhenhismothercamein.(正)
I'mfeelingmuchbetterthaneverbefore.
Itwasgettingdarkeranddarker.Besides,acoldrainbegantofall.
【高考例题】
(1)[NMET1994]—Doyoulikethematerial?
—Yes,it_____verysoft.
A.isfeeling B.felt C.feels D.isfelt
(2)[NMET2003]Whydon’tyouputthemeatinthefridge?
Itwill_____freshforseveraldays.
A.bestayed B.stay
C.bestaying D.havestayed
(3)[2004春上海]Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain_____astheplanewasmakingalanding.
A.seat B.seating C.seated D.tobeseating
(4)[2002北京]Becarefulwhenyoucrossthisverybusystreet.Ifnot,youmay_____runoverbyacar.
A.have B.get C.become D.passed
(5)[2004天津]Happybirthday,Alice.Soyouhave_____twenty-onealready.
A.becomeB.turned C.grown D.passed
(6)[2004全国Ⅱ]Sarah,hurryup.I′mafraidyoucan'thavetimeto_____beforetheparty.
A.getchanged B.getchange
C.getchanging D.gettochange
(7)[2004湖北]Onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine,she_____pale.
A.got B.changed C.went D.appeared
(8)[2004上海]Theflowers_____sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.
A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt
(9)[2002春上海]Althoughhehastakenalotofmedicine,hishealth_____poor.
A.provesB.remainsC.maintainsD.continues
(10)Ilovetogototheseasideinsummer.It_____goodtolieinthesunorswiminthecoolsea.
A.does B.feels C.gets D.makes
(11)[2005浙江]—Owe!
I'veburnedmyself!
—Howdidyoudothat?
—I_____ahotpot.
A.touched B.kept C.felt D.held
Key:
CBCBBACBBBA
二、感官动词类
常考的感官动词有see,watch,notice,observe,hear,feel,find,catch等。
感官动词的主要作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语,表达不同的含义。
1.后接不带to的不定式表示一个发生过或者还没发生具体的动作。
Ioftenheardthesongsung,butIhaveneverheardyousingit.
Whenyougotowatchthefootballwatch,youwillenjoyseeingtheChinesefootballteamwin.
2.后接v.-ing形式表正在进行的动作。
Seeingthesunrisingabovethesurfaceofthesea,weletontashoutofjoy.
Hearingthis,Ifeltmyheartbeatingfast.
3.后接v.-ed形式表被动意义。
Afterhisreturntwentyyearslater,hefoundhishometowngreatlychanged.
AlthoughIhadlearntsomeEnglish,Ihadneverheardawordofitspoken.
【高考例题】
(1)[NMET2000]Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.
A.carryout B.carryingout
C.carriedout D.tocarryout
(2)[NMET2003]Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound______inthekitchen.
A.smoke B.smoking
C.tosmoke D.smoked
(3)Themissingboyswerelastseen_______neartheriver.
A.playing B.tobeplaying
C.play D.toplay
(4)[NMET1993]Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlwhowascaught______andletheroff.
A.tohavestolen B.tobestealing
C.tosteal D.stealing
(5)[2004春北京]Helookedaroundandcaughtaman________hishandintothepocketofapassenger.
A.put B.tobeputting
C.toput D.putting
Key:
CBADD
三、使役动词类
表“致使”意义的动词称之为使役动词,如make,let,have,keep,leave,set,send等。
使役动词的作用是后接非谓语动词的不同形式作宾语补足语,表达不同的含义。
分以下三种情况。
1.make,lethave等后接不带to的不定式,表“使/让某人/某物做某事”。
Don'tmakehimdoitifhedoesn'twantto.
Ifyouhaveanyproblems,justletmeknow.
在被动结构中不定式须带to,但是have不用于被动结构中。
Hewasmadetoapologizetotheguest.
2.have,keep,leave,send,set,get等后接v.-ing形式,表持续性动作。
I'msorrytokeepyouwaitingforsolong.
Whydoyouhavehimworryingabouthislessons?
3.have,keep,leave等后接v-ed形式,表被动含义。
Hedidn'tkeeponaskingmethetimeuntilhehadhadhiswatchrepaired.
I’llkeepyouinformedassoonasIhavethenews.
【高考例题】
(1)[2004天津]Don'tleavethewater______whileyoubrushyourteeth.
A.run B.runnigC.beingrun D.torun
(2)[2004重庆]Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirchildren'sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents
A.worried B.toworry
C.worrying D.worry
(3)[2003春安徽]—Whydidyougobacktotheshop?
—Ileftmyfriend______there.
A.waitingB.towaitC.wait D.waits
(4)[NMET1991]Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire______allnight.
A.toburn B.burn C.burning D.burned
(5)[NMET1989]—Goodmorning,canIhelpyou?
—I'dliketohavethispackage______,madam.
A.beweighed B.weighing
C.weighed D.toweigh
(