高三第一次考试英语Word格式文档下载.docx

高三第一次考试英语Word格式文档下载.docx

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Whosaysinventionsareonlymadebygrown-upsandprofessionals?

Overtheyears,childrenhavealsosucceededinmakingtheirusefulcontributionstotheworld.Hereareafewinventionsthatcametolifefromthemindsofyoungchildren.

HeroHelmet

Seven-year-oldSamul

Meyer'

sinventionisaimedatstoppingpeoplefromridingtheirbikesorskateboardswithoutusingahelmet.TheHeroHelmetfeaturesaninbuiltremotethatcontrolsalockonthewheelswhichunlockswhentheHelmetisbeingwornbytherider.Samuelsays:

nohelmet,nobike.

RoboticEarthworm

Thefirstthoughtthatcomestomindis,whyaroboticearthworm?

Well,ten-year-oldDavidCohenhadsomeusefulapplicationsinmind.Hebelieveditcouldbeusedtofindvictimsafteraflood,earthquakeorfire.Therobotcouldgetintosmallanddangerousplaceswheresearchdogsandhumanscouldnotgo.

B.E.A.C.O.N.

Fifteen-year-oldHannahHerbst'

sinvention,whichstandsforBringingElectricityAccesstoCountriesthroughOceanEnergy,wasinspiredbyherpenpalwholivesinEthiopiaanddidnothaveaccesstolights.SoshecameupwithB.E.A.C.O.N,whichabsorbsenergydirectlyfromoceanwaves.Herinventionwonthe“DiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallenge”in2015andothernumerousawards.

PortableWheelchairController

Atonlyeightyearsold,AmeliaFoxcreatedtheinventiontohelpliftpeopleinandoutoftheirwheelchair.Thisinventionwasnotjustbornoutofthedesiretocreatesomething.Ameliadevelopedthiscontrollerforherbrother,whohadjustgothipsurgeryandneededthewheelchairtomovearound.

1.Whoistheyoungestinventor?

A.SamuelMeyer.B.DavidCohen.

C.AmeliaFox.D.HannahHerbst.

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasarescuetool?

A.HeroHelmetB.B.E.A.C.O.N.

C.RoboticEarthworm.D.PortableWheelchairController.

3.WhydidAmeliaFoxcreatetheinvention?

A.Togiveherbrotherassistance.B.Tobenefittheearthquakevictims.

C.Togenerateelectricityeffectively.D.Toprotectbikeridersfrominjuries.

B

WhenIfirstgotthebird,itmusthaveonlyjustbeenhatched.Itsmotherhaddisappeared,leavingitaloneandshiveringinthefaceofthenorthwind.Idecidedtotakeitstraightbackandbuilditanewhome.

Atthattime,wegrewagreatmanyflowersinourhouse.Nexttoonehangingorchid（兰花）Ihunganotheremptyflowerpotanditwasinthispotthatthebirdwastohaveitsnewhome.WhenDadgothome,heimmediatelydiscoveredthenewadditiontoourfamily.Withoutsayingaword,heturnedaroundandleftthehouse.Aftersometime,hereturnedandIsawthathehadahandfulofgrassandpineneedles.Obviously,DadthoughtthenestIhadmadewasfartooroughandsohehaddecidedtodecorateithimself.

“Abirdbornatthistimeofyearwon’tsurvivethewinter.”Inspiteofthispredictiononthebird’sfuture,Dadverycarefullyfashionedthenesthimself.SoonIfound“NuoNuo”（Dadhadnamedhim）hadstartedtogrowfeathers.Theylookedlikesuchfinelittlehairsthatyoucouldonlynoticethemifyoulookedreallyclosely.IonlydiscoveredthembecauseeverydayIwouldcuphiminmyhandsandlookathim.

Dadprobablyrealizedthathehadbeenalittlecruelinhisprediction.Yousee,hehadalreadystartedtrainingNuoNuotowalk.Asyouknow,NuoNuolivedinaflowerpot,notacageoranything.Whenhehadnothingelsetodo,hewalkedaroundhislittlehome.Thereweretimeswhenhewasabitnaughtytooandhejumpeddownontoourdiningtable.

ItwasobviousthatNuoNuodidn’trealizehewasabird.Heperhapsthinkshewasoneofthefamily.Butitisnotenoughforabirdtowalk,itmustflyaswell.Dadsoonbeganattemptingtomakehimlearnthisnewability,butitwasnotaneasytask.Afterall,nobodyinourfamilyhadmasteredtheartofflying.wedidn’tevenhavewings.HowcouldweaskNuoNuotodosomethingthatwehadnomeansofdoingourselves?

Theflyinglessonswentonregardless.Dadjumpedoffachair,wavinghisarmsasifhislifedependedonit,inanattempttoencourageNuoNuotoshakehiswings.Surprisingly,thisstupidactionofDad’sdidactuallyhaveaneffect.NuoNuobegantoshakehiswingsandstartedtorise.

Everythingishardatthebeginning.Butseeingaswhatwehadalreadystarted,thefactthatNuoNuocouldn’tflywasnoreasonnottocontinuetrying.NuoNuolearnttoflyfinallyandhesurvivedthewinteraswell.

4.Accordingtothetext,whatisthenewadditiontothefamily?

A.onehangingorchidB.anotheremptyflowerpot

C.thelittlebirdD.ahandfulofgrass

5.Whyisitnotaneasytasktomakethebirdlearntofly?

A.Becausethebirdwasraisedinthecage.

B.Becausethebirdwasoneofthefamily.

C.Becausethefamilydidn’twanttoteachhimtofly.

D.Becausethefamilydidn’thaverelevantexperience.

6.What’sthefamily’sattitudetowardsthebird?

ACruelB.ConsiderateC.TolerantD.Unconcerned

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Allthepredictionsmaycometrue.B.Nothingisdifficultatthebeginning.

C.Everythingdeservesatrythoughhard.D.Thereisalwaysareasontodosomething.

C

Wealltalktoourselvessometimes.We’reusuallytooembarrassedtoadmitit,though.Infact,wereallyshouldn'

tbebecausemoreandmoreexpertsbelievetalkingtoourselvesoutloudisahealthyhabit.

This“selftalk”helpsusmotivateourselves,rememberthings,solveproblems,andcalmourselvesdown.Beaware,though,thatasmuchas77%ofselftalktendstobenegative.Soinordertostaypositive,weshouldonlyspeakwordsofencouragementtoourselves.Weshouldalsobequicktogiveourselvesapatontheback.Thenexttimeyoufinishaproject,dowellinatest,orfinallycleanyourroom,joinmeinsaying“Goodjob!

”

Often,wordscomeoutofourmouthswithoutusthinkingabouttheeffecttheywillhave.Butweshouldbeawarethatourwordscausecertainresponsesinothers.Forexample,whenreturninganitemtoastore,wemightusewarm,friendlylanguageduringtheexchange.Andtheclerkwillprobablyrespondinasimilarmanner.Orharsh（刻薄的）andcriticallanguagewillmostlikelycausetheclerktobedefensive.

Wordspossesspowerbecauseoftheirlastingeffects.Manyofusregretsomethingweoncesaid.Andwerememberunkindwordssaidtous！

Beforespeaking,weshouldalwaysaskourselves：

Isittrue?

Isitloving?

Isitneeded?

Ifwhatwewanttosaydoesn’tpassthistest,thenit'

sbetterleftunsaid.

Wordspossesspower:

bothpositiveandnegative.Thosearoundusreceiveencouragementwhenwespeakpositively.Wecanofferhope,buildselfesteem（自尊）andmotivateotherstodotheirbest.Negativewordsdestroyallthosethings.Willweuseourwordstohurtortoheal?

Thechoiceisours.

8．Whyshouldwenotfeelembarrassedwhentalkingtoourselves?

A．Talkingtoourselvesisbelievedtobegoodforourhealth.

B．Itdoesharmtohave“selftalk”whenwearealone.

C．Talkingtoourselveshelpsustosolvealltheproblems.

D．Almosteverybodyhasthehabitoftalkingtooneself.

9．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“giveourselvesapatontheback”mean?

A．Blameourselves.B．Punishourselves.C．Talktoourselves.D．Praiseourselves.

10．Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthoragreewith?

A．Wordsalwayspossesslongpositiveeffects.

B．Kindwordsaresometimesnotneededatall.

C．Itisimpossibleforunkindwordstobeforgotten.

D．Itisbettertothinktwicebeforetalkingtoothers.

11.Howdoestheauthorexplaintheeffectofwordsinparagraph3?

A.Bygivingadefinition.B.Byclassifyingdifferenttypes.

C.Bygivingexamples.D.Bygivingdata.

D

PatientsintheearlystagesofAlzheimer’sdiseaseoftenstruggletorememberrecentlylearnedinformation,meaningtheyforgetthingslikeimportantappointmentsorwheretheylefttheirkeys.Butitseemsthatthesememoriesarenotlost.Theyarestillfiledawayinthebrainsomewhere;

theyjustcan’tbeeasilyaccessed.

Now,researchersatMIThavedevelopedameansofgettingbackmemoriesinmicesufferingfromAlzheimer’s.Themethodreliesonatechniquethatuseslighttocontrolgeneticallymodifiedneurons（转基因神经元）.Currentlyitistooearlytobeusedinhumantrialsasitinvolvesinsertinglightemitting（发光）equipmentintothesubjects’brains,butthesameprinciplesstillapply,theresearcherssaid.

“Theimportantpointisthatthisisevidenceofconcept.Thatis,evenifamemoryseemstobegone,itisstillthere.It’samatterofhowtogetitback,”saidseniorresearcherSusumuTonegawa.

Theteamtooktwogroupsofmice,onegeneticallyengineeredtodevelopAlzheimer’sandonehealthy.Theythenplacedthemintoaroomandgavethemamildelectricshock.Allofthemiceshowedfearwhenputbackinanhourlater.Whenplacedintheroomathirdtimeseveraldayslater,theAlzheimer’smiceactednormally.Theyhadforgottentheshock.

Theresearcherswerethenabletobringbackthememoryoftheshockbyactivating（激活）thecellsinwhichthememorieswerestored.Evenwhenthemicewereputintoanunfamiliarroom,theyshowedfearwhenthecellsassociatedwiththeshockwereactivated.

“Shorttermmemoryseemstobenormal.Butforlongtermmemory,theseearlyAlzheimer’smiceseemtobedamaged,”saidleadresearcherDheerajRoy.“Orrather,thereisindeedanaccessproblemtotheinformation.”

12．WhatcanwelearnabouttheresearchersatMIT?

A．Theyarethepioneersofbrainresearch.

B．Theyhaveusedthemethodinhumantrials.

C．TheycancureAlzheimer’susingthenewmethod.

D．TheycangetbackmemoriesinmicewithAlzheimer’s.

13．Wh