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D.hasbeenmaintaining
13.Hewasluredintoacrimehewouldnot____________havecommitted.
A.actually
B.accidentally
C.otherwise
D.seldom
14.Shewasonceayoungcountrywifewithchickensinthebackyardandaviewof_____________mountainsbehind
theappleorchard.
A.bluehazyVirginia
B.hazyblueVirginia
C.Virginiahazyblue
D.Virginiabluehazy
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15.Ilongtoalleviate__________,butIcannot.
A.theevil
B.evil
C.evils
D.anevil
16.Indeed,itisarguablethatbodyshatteringistheverypointoffootball,askillingandmaiming______________.
A.war
B.arewar
C.ofwar
D.areofwar
17.At____________,photographyisachemicalprocess,duringwhichalight-sensitivematerialisalteredwhenexposed
tolight.
A.itsmostbasic
B.itsbasic
C.themostbasic
D.thebasic
18.Shehiredalawyertoinvestigate,onlytolearnthatGabrielhadremovedhernamefromthedeed.Theinfinitiveverb
phrase“onlytolearn”isused__________.
A.toexpressanintendedpurpose
B.toindicateahighdegreeofpossibility
C.torevealanundesirableconsequence
D.todramatizeastatedfact
19.WhichofthefollowingitalicizedwordsDOESNOTcarrythemetaphoricalmeaning?
A.Iwonderwhat'
sbehindthischangeofplan.
B.Jimturnedtospeaktothepersonstandingbehindhim.
C.Thisworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.I'
mgettingterriblybehind.
D.IsupposeI'
mluckybecausemyparentswerebehindmealltheway.
20.Mymotherwasdeterminedtohelpthoseinneedandshewouldhavebeenimmenselyproudofwhathasbeen
achievedtheselast20years.Theitalicizedpartinthesentenceexpresses_______.
A.ahypothesis
B.asuggestion
C.acontradiction
D.asurprise
21.WhenthepoliceofficerswhotookpartintheKingbeatingwerefirstbroughtto___________,theirlawyersusedthe
videotapeasevidenceagainsttheprosecution.
A.justice
B.testimony
C.trial
D.verdict
22._________,themostcontroversialcandidateintheelectioncampaign,hehasbeenstronglycriticizedforhiscrude
commentsaboutwomen.
A.Questionably
B.Arguably
C.Contentiously
D.Debatably
23.Priceshaverecentlyriseninorderto__________theincreasedcostofrawmaterials.
A.cut
B.buoy
C.offer
D.offset
24.Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe“hasno__________ofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwitha
divorce.”
A.recommendation
B.recording
C.recollection
D.recognition
25.Whatactually__________agoodangle—oragoodselfieoverall—isrootedinwhatweconsiderbeautiful.
A.consists
B.constitutes
C.composes
D.constructs
26.Theschoolisgoingthe________miletocreatethenextgenerationofsportingstarsthankstoitsunique
developmentprogram.
A.final
B.further
C.supplementary
D.extra
27.Theteachers'
union_________alawsuitagainstthedistrictcallingforrepairing“deplorable”schoolconditions.
A.fired
B.filed
C.fined
D.filled
28.LastMarchthe__________ofa19thcenturycargoshipwasfoundbyanunderwaterarchaeologicalteam.
A.debris
B.ruins
C.remains
D.wreck
29.She'
swornhisdesignson__________occasionsfromredcarpetstomoviepremieres.
A.countless
B.countable
C.numerical
D.numeral
30.Aleading___________intelligenceandoperationscompanyhasreleaseditsanalysisofworldwidereportedincidents
ofpiracyandcrimeagainstmariners.
A.oceangoing
B.oceanic
C.marine
D.Maritime
Decidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblank.The
wordscanbeusedONCEONLY.MarktheletterforeachwordonANSWERSHEET.
AFewyearsago,auniversityprofessortriedalittleexperiment.HesentChristmascardstoasampleofperfectstrangers.
Althoughheexpectedsomereaction,theresponsehereceivedwasamazing—holidaycardsaddressedtohimcamepouring
backfromthepeoplewhohadnevermetnorheardofhim.Thegreatmajorityofthosewhoreturnedacardneverinquired
intotheidentityofthe___31___professor.Theyreceivedhisholidaygreetingcard,andthey___32___sentoneinreturn.
Thisstudyshowstheactionofoneofthemostpowerfuloftheweaponsofinfluencearoundus—theruleforreciprocation.
Therulesaysthatweshouldtrytorepay,in___33___,whatanotherpersonhasprovidedus.Ifawomandoesusafavor,we
shoulddoher___34___inreturn;
ifamansendsusabirthdaypresent,weshouldrememberhisbirthdaywithagiftofour
own;
ifa___35___invitesustoaparty,weshouldbesuretoinvitethemtooneofours.By___36___ofthereciprocityrule,
then,weareobligatedtothefuturerepaymentoffavors,gifts,invitations,andthelike.Sotypicalisitfor___37___to
accompanythereceiptofsuchthingsthatatermlike“muchobliged”hasbecomeasynonymfor“thankyou,”notonly
intheEnglishlanguagebutinothersaswell.
Theimpressiveaspectoftheruleforreciprocationandthesenseofobligationthat___38___withitisitspervasiveness
inhumanculture.Itisso___39___thatafterintensivestudy,sociologistssuchasAlvinGoldenercanreportthatthereisno
humansocietythatdoesnot___40___totherule.
SECTIONAMULTIPLECHOICEQUESTIONS
Inthissectiontherearethreepassagesfollowedbytenmultiplechoicequestions.Foreachmultiplechoicequestion,
therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerandmarkyour
answersonANSWERSHEETTWO.
PASSAGEONE
（1）TheearliestsettlerscametotheNorthAmericancontinenttoestablishcoloniesthatwerefreefromthecontrolsthat
existedinEuropeansocieties.Theywantedtoescapethecontrolsplacedontheirlivesbykingsandgovernments,priestsand
churches,noblemenandaristocrats.Thehistoricdecisionsmadebythosefirstsettlershavehadaprofoundeffectonthe
shapingoftheAmericancharacter.Bylimitingthepowerofthegovernmentandthechurchesandeliminatingaformal
aristocracy,theycreatedaclimateoffreedomwheretheemphasiswasontheindividual.Individualfreedomisprobablythe
mostbasicofalltheAmericanvalues.Byfreedom,Americansmeanthedesireandtheabilityofallindividualstocontroltheir
owndestinywithoutoutsideinterferencefromthegovernment,arulingnobleclass,thechurch,oranyotherorganized
authority.
（2）Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisindividualfreedom:
self-reliance.ItmeansthatAmericansbelievethey
shouldstandontheirownfeet,achievingbothfinancialandemotionalindependencefromtheirparentsasearlyaspossible,
usuallybyage18or21.
（3）AsecondimportantreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallybeendrawntotheUnitedStatesisthebeliefthat
everyonehasaequalchancetoenteraraceandsucceedinthegame.Becausetitlesofnobilitywereforbiddeninthe
Constitution,noformalclasssystemdevelopedintheU.S.
（4）Thereis,however,apricetobepaidforthisequalityofopportunity:
competition.Ifmuchoflifeisseenasrace,thena
personmustruntheraceinordertosucceed;
apersonmustcompetewithothers.Thepressuresofcompetitioninthelifeof
anAmericanbegininchildhoodandcontinueuntilretirementfromwork.Infact,anygroupofpeoplewhodoesnotcompete
successfullydoesnotfitintothemainstreamofAmericanlifeaswellasthosewhodo.
（5）AthirdreasonwhyimmigrantshavetraditionallycometotheUnitedStatesistohaveabetterlife.Becauseofits
abundantnaturalresources,theUnitedStatesappearedtobea“landofplentywheremillionscouldcometoseektheir
fortunes.Thephrase“goingfromragstoriches”becameasloganfortheAmericandream.Manypeopledidachievematerial
success.MaterialwealthbecameavaluetotheAmericanpeople,anditalsobecameanacceptedmeasureofsocialstatus.
（6）Americanspayaprice,however,fortheirmaterialwealth:
hardwork.Hardworkhasbeenbothnecessaryand
rewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Insomeways,materialpossessionsareseenasevidenceofpeople'
s
abilities.BarryGoldwater,acandidateforthepresidencyin1964,saidthatmostpoorpeoplearepoorbecausetheydeserve
tobe.MostAmericanswouldfindthisaharshstatement,butmanymightthinktherewassometruthinit.
（7）ThesebasicvaluesdonottellthewholestoryoftheAmericancharacter.Rather,theyshou
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