An Analysis of Catherines Character 卯卯.docx

An Analysis of Catherines Character 卯卯.docx

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AnAnalysisofCatherinesCharacter卯卯

AnAnalysisofCatherine’sCharacter

inAFarewelltoArms

AThesisSubmitted

ToForeignLanguageDepartment

OfCollegeofInformation&Business,

ZhongyuanUniversityofTechnology

InPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirements

FortheDegreeofBachelorofArts

By

YangXingyue

StudentIDNumber:

201003014202

Supervisor：

WangShuyan

April2nd,2014

论文摘要

美国作家欧内斯特·米勒尔·海明威（1899-1961），是20世纪最著名的小说家之一。

其代表作《永别了，武器》以爱情与战争为两条主线，阐述了作者对战争及人生的看法和态度，被誉为现在文学的经典名篇。

该文将从女性主义角度全面分析《永别了，武器》中凯瑟琳的双重性格，从中得出结论：

她既温柔聪慧成熟勇敢，又过于依赖爱情，顺从亨利而失去了自我。

借此，给现代女性走向独立、追求幸福婚姻等方面以深刻的启发。

关键词：

凯瑟琳；双重性格；女性主义

Abstract

ErnestMillerHemingway（1899-1961）wasregardedasoneofthemostreputableandinfluentialnovelistinthe20thcentury.Ashisrepresentativework,AFarewelltoArmsbasedontwoaspects:

warandlove,toshowhisattitudetowarandlife,

ThispaperwillanalyzethedualcharacterofCatherineinAFarewelltoArmsfromtheperspectiveoffeminism,anddrawaconclusionthatsheisnotonlybrave,butalsodependentonloveandsubmissivedeeplyandfinallylostherself,andthengiveadeepenlightenmentformodernwomenintherespectsofbecomingindependentandpursuingahappymarriage.

KeyWords:

Catherine;dualcharacter;feminism

TableofContents

Abstract（Chinese）……………….…………………………………………………..

I

Abstract（English）……………….…………………………………………………..

II

1.Introduction…………….…………………………………………………………..

1

2.ABriefSurveyoftheTheoryofFeminism…….....................................................

2

2.1TheBeliefsofFeminism…………………………...................................................

2

2.2TheHistoryofFeminism…………………………..................................................

4

3.Catherine’spositivecharacter.………………..…………….……........................

6

3.1HerMildnessandSweetness.....................................................................................

6

3.2HerWisdomandMaturity………………………………………………………...

8

3.3HerSelf-confidenceandBravery…………………………………………………..

10

4.Catherine’sNegativeCharacter.………………………………………………….

11

4.1HerDependenceonLove…………………………………………….....................

12

4.2HerSubmissivenesstoHenry……………………………………………………..

13

5.TheRealisticSignificanceofAnalysisofCatherine’sDualCharacter…………

14

6.Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….

15

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………………...

16

Acknowledgments…………………………………………………………………….

17

1.Introduction

Regardedasoneofthemostinfluentialnovelist,Hemingwayhaveattractedpeople’sattentionforhundredyears.Afteracomprehensiveanddetailedresearch,weconcludedthatinHemingway’swork,thereisnotonlyastrongfemaleconsciousnessbutalsoaseriesofpersonalitycharacteristicsofstrongfemalecharacters.Infact,asagreatandreputablewriter,hisviewonwomenisnotsoshallow,hehadtoldhisfeelingsonthefemalecharacterstothepublicatdifferenttimeordifferentoccasions.Livingunderarigidruleinthissociety,hehasalwaysthought,menhavemuchlighterpressurethanwomen.Noonemanhavethesamenicemoralstandardsastheirimaginationaswomenunlesstheyreallyworkforit.Theinformationhementionedcanbeusedtobringmodernfemalementalinspiration.Withthegraduallyimprovedofwomen’sstatus,mostwomenbegintowalkoutfromhomeandturntoawhitecollar.Theycangetridoftheworldlyshacklesandoutshineintheirarea.

Recentyears,thedisputeaboutthefemalefigureofCatherine—theheroineinAFarewelltoArms,hasattractedmostreader’sinterest.LikemostfemalesinHemingway’sotherworks,Catherineisgenerallybelievedbythecriticsasaweakwoman.Fromtheirpointofview,Catherineisblindlyobedientandhasnoherownthoughts.ManycriticsholdtheopinionthattheimageofCatherinecontributestoaclassicalimaginationinHemingway’swork,sherepresentstheexcessivelyobedientandsweetwomen.

InAmerica,inherLoveandDeathinAmericanNovel,LeslieFiedlerpointsoutthatinearlytwentiethcentury,Catherineisanidealfemaleinman’seyes.Sheisgentle,obedienttolove,loyaltyandwouldratherloseherindividualitytopleaseherloverwithoutregret.KenisLienholdstheviewsthatHemingwayisnotafeministsupporterbutabisexualperspectivewriters,histexthasthesamethemeoffemalenarrativeperspectiveandandrogynousview.Sanderson.RenainherbookHemingwayandGenderHistorypointsthatwhenHemingwaywrotethisnovel;duringtheFirstWorldWarand1920s.Andinaccordancewiththesexualstandardsatthattimetomeasurewomen,Catherineappearedwiththefigureofamodernindependentyoungwoman,andwasprobablyfitthedefinitionofHemingway’sidealfemale.

Inchina,WangHuiandXuFanstressthebisexualperspectiveinAFarewelltoArms,theyrediscoverCatherine’swisdom,bravery,sincerityandselflessness.Upontheiropinion,CatherinenotonlygivesHenryherlove,butteacheshimtherealmeaningoflove.ItisherloveswhichhelpHenryhaveacompletedtransformationfromadandytoaninformalonewhotrustsloveandbeloyaltolove.Atthesametime,somescholarsbelievethatCatherineistoogentleandsubmissive,lackofherowncharacters.Catherinewasonceseenastheangelandadreamlover,isatypicalshapeunderHemingway’spen.Suchwomenareoftenconsideredtobegentleandbeautiful;theyhavenomindandeasilybeobjectofmantoconquer.However,suchstatementsaresoextremethattheyhaveignoredHemingway’sinclusivity.

Therefore,thispaperwillanalyzethedualcharacterofCatherineinAFarewelltoArmsfromtheperspectiveoffeminism,anddrawaconclusionthatsheisnotonlyanewwomanwithbraveandbrilliantbrain,butalsoanwomanwhorelyonherhusbanddeeplyandfinallylostherself,sothatwecangiveadeepenlightenmentformodernwomenintherespectsofbecomingindependentandpursuinganhappinessmarriage.

2.ABriefSurveyoftheTheoryofFeminism

“Feminism”appearedinFrenchfirstly,whichisbothanintellectualcommitmentandapoliticalmovementthatseeksjusticeforwomenandtheendofsexisminallforms.Thetermfeminismcanbeusedtodescribeapolitical,culturaloreconomicmovementaimedatestablishingequalrightsandlegalprotectionforwomen.Althoughlargelyoriginatinginthewest,feminismismanifestedworldwideandisrepresentedbyvariousinstitutionscommittedtoactivityonbehalfofwomen’srightsandinterests.

2.1TheBeliefsofFeminism

Feminismistheradicalnotionthatwomenarepeople.Ithasmanydifferentusesanditsmeaningsareoftencontested.Forexample,somewritersintheUSandEuropeusetheterm“feminism”torefertoahistoricallyspecificpoliticalmovement;otherwritersuseittorefertothebeliefthatareinjusticesagainstwomen,thoughthereisnoconsensusontheexactlistoftheseinjustices.Althoughtheterm“feminism”hasahistoryinEnglishlinkedwithwomen’sactivismfromthelate19thcenturytothepresent,itisusefultodistinguishfeministideasorbeliefsfromfeministpoliticalmovements,foreveninperiodswheretherehasbeennosignificantpoliticalactivismaroundwomen’ssubordination,individualshavebeenconcernedwithandtheorizedaboutjusticeforwomen.So,forexample,itmakessensetoaskwhetherPlatowasafeminist,givenhisviewthatwomenshouldbetrainedtorule,eventhoughhewasanexceptioninhishistoricalcontext.

Feminisminvolvespoliticalandsociologicaltheoriesandphilosophiesconcernedwithissuesofgenderdifference,aswellasamovementthatadvocatesgenderequalityforwomenandcampaignsforwomen'srightsandinterests.Althoughtheterms"feminism"and"feminist"didnotgainwidespreaduseuntilthe1970s,theywerealreadybeingusedinthepublicparlancemuchearlier;forinstance,KatherineHepburnspeaksofthe"feministmovement"inthe1942filmWomanoftheYear.

Inthemid-1800stheterm“feminism”wasusedtoreferto“thequalitiesoffemales”,anditwasnotuntilaftertheFirstInternationalWomen’sConferencein1982thatthetermwasusedregularlyinEnglishforabeliefinandadvocacyofequalrightsforwomenbasedontheideaoftheequalityofthesexes.Althoughtheterm“feminism”inEnglishisrootedinthemobilizationforwomansuffrageinEuropeandtheUSduringthelate19thandearly20thcentury,ofcourseeffortstoobtainjusticeforwomendidnotbeginorendwiththisperiodofactivism.Somefeministscholarsobjecttoidentifyingfeminismwiththeseparticularmomentsofpoliticalactivism,onthegroundsthatdoingsoeclipsesthefactthattherehasbeenresistancetomaledominationthatshouldbeconsidered“feminist”throughouthistoryandacrosscultures.

FeminismhasalteredpredominantperspectivesinawiderangeofareaswithinWesternsociety,rangingfromculturetolaw.Feministactivistshavecampaignedforwomen'slegalrights（rightsofcontract,propertyrights,votingrights）;forwomen'srighttobodilyintegrityandautonomy,forabortionrights,andforreproductiverights（includingaccesstocontraceptionandqualityprenatalcare）;forprotectionofwomenandgirlsfromdomesticviolence,sexualharassmentandrape;forworkplacerights,includingmaternityleaveandequalpay;againstmisogyny;andagainstotherformsofgender-specificdiscriminationagainstwomen.

Duringmuchofitshistory,mostfeministmovementsandtheorieshadleaderswhowerepredominantlymiddle-classwhitewomenfromWesternEuropeandNorthAmerica.However,atleastsinceSojournerTruth's1851speechtoAmericanfeminists,womenofotherraceshaveproposedalternativefeminisms.Thistrendacceleratedinthe1960swiththeCivilRightsmovementi