区别定语从句和名词性从句Word下载.docx

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区别定语从句和名词性从句Word下载.docx

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区别定语从句和名词性从句Word下载.docx

没有什么能阻止他干那件事情。

(引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语)

→Thisistheverydictionary(that)Iwanttobuy.

这正是我要买的词典。

(引导定语从句,并在从句中作宾语,可省略)

→Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?

站在门边的那个人是谁?

→Thatisall(that)Iwanttosay.

那就是我想说的。

=ThatiswhatIwanttosay.

(what引导的表语从句,并在从句中作宾语)

→Itwasthoughtthattheearthwasflat.

过去人们认为地球是平的。

(that引导的主语从句,在从句中不作成分)

→Hetoldusagain(that)suchathingwouldneverhappen.

他再次告诉我们这样的事再也不会发生了。

(that引导的宾语从句,在从句中不作成分,且常可省略)

→Wehavetomakeitclearthatourjobisveryimportant.

我们必须阐明这一点,我们的工作是非常重要的。

(that引导的宾语从句;

因有it作形式宾语,所以引导词虽在从句中不作成分,但that不可省略)

→Thefactisthathehasleft.

事实是他已经走了。

(that引导的表语从句,在从句中不作成分,但不可省略)

*尤其须注意区别同位语从句和定语从句:

(因为都是放在名词后面的从句)

→Thenewsthathewouldleavesurprisedeveryoneofus.

他要离开的消息让我们每个人都感到意外。

(同位语从句:

that不作成分,从句用来解释thenews的内容)

→Thenews(that)hetoldusyesterdayhasturnedouttobetrue.

他昨天告诉我们的消息已经证明是真的。

(定语从句:

that在从句中作宾语,从句是修饰限定先行词thenews的)

2.that和what的使用区别:

①that既能引导定语从句,又能引导名词性从句;

②what不能引导定语从句,只能引导名词性从句;

(what在引导名词性从句时,必须在从句中作主语,表语或宾语等成分;

常译为:

……的东西,……的事物,……的事情)

【典型例题】

Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose

答案:

B

体会下面各从句的使用:

→Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.

上海不再是原来的样子了。

(that引导的定语从句:

修饰限定先行词thecity;

that在从句中充当表语)

=Shanghaiisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.

(what引导的表语从句:

what在从句中充当表语)

→ThatisallthatIwanttosay.

修饰限定先行词all;

并在从句中作宾语)

=ThatiswhatIwanttosay.

3.介词后面的which和what的使用区别:

→Oct1,1949wasthedayonwhich(=when)thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.

1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。

(定语从句:

先行词为theday)

→Thehouseinwhich(=where)Ilived10yearsagohasbeenpulleddown.

我十年前住过的房子已经被拆除了。

先行词为thehouse)

→Isthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?

这就是你花大价钱买的车吗?

先行词为thecar)

→Theteacherwaspleasedwithwhatthechildhadachievedinhisstudy.

老师对孩子在学习上取得的成绩表示满意。

(宾语从句:

what引导的宾语从句充当介词with后的宾语;

且what在从句中作hadachieved的宾语。

→IcanjudgebywhatIknowofhim.

我可以根据我对他的了解来判断。

what引导的宾语从句充当介词by后面的宾语;

且what在从句中作know的宾语。

*which也可引导名词性从句,但它保留疑问词的词义:

“哪一个/哪一些”;

如:

→Therearesomanybicycles;

Idon’tknowwhichoneishers.

这儿有这么多的自行车,我不知道哪一辆是她的。

(解题关键:

弄清楚从句的性质,再作出相应的选择。

①—Couldyoudomeafavor?

—Itdependson_____itis.

A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that

②Guncontrolisasubjectabout______Americanshavearguedforalongtime.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whichever

③Anewcityhasbeensetupin______usedtobeawasteland10yearsago.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.where

对比区别:

Anewcityhasbeensetupintheveryplace______usedtobeawasteland10yearsago.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what

④Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof______itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.

A.whichB.whatC.whetherD.that

CAC(A)C

4.区别:

as引导的定语从句和that/what引导的名词性从句:

→______isknowntousall,the2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.

→______isknowntousallthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.

→______isknowntousallisthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.

A.ItB.WhatC.WhichD.ThatE.As

②_______disappointeduswas_______hedidn’tcometothepartyyesterday.

A.What;

/B.What;

that

C.That;

thatD.That;

what

EAB;

B

5.其他引导词在各从句中的使用:

(注意区分词义)

→Sheisthegirlwholivesnextdoor.

她就是住在隔壁的女孩。

(who引导的定语从句;

who指代先行词thegirl,并在从句中作主语。

→I’mwonderingwhoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.

我一直在想谁应该为这次事故负责。

(who引导的宾语从句;

who在从句中作主语,意为:

谁。

→Thisisthescientistwhoseachievementsarewellknown.

这就是那位成就卓越的科学家。

(whose引导的定语从句:

whose指代先行词thescientist,并在从句中作定语,修饰achievements。

→Doyouknowwhosecoatitis?

你知道这是谁的上衣吗?

(whose引导的宾语从句:

whose意为:

谁的;

注意语序要用陈述句语序。

→Canyoutellmetheofficewhereheworks?

你能告诉我他工作的办公室吗?

(where引导的定语从句:

修饰限定先行词theoffice,并在从句中作状语。

→Canyoutellmewhereheworks?

你能告诉我他在哪工作吗?

(where引导的宾语从句:

where意为:

在哪。

→Theofficeiswhereheworks.

这个办公室就是他工作的地方。

(where引导的表语从句:

……的地方。

6.特殊疑问词引导的名词性从句和wh-ever引导的名词性从句的区别:

注意词义的区别:

①特殊疑问词保留其原意;

②wh-ever强调“无论……,不管……”,没有疑问词义。

(但要注意:

不能使用nomatterwh-)

①CouldIspeakto______isinchargeofthedepartment,please?

A.whoB.whoeverC.someoneD.anyone

②Theyarediscussing______shouldbeinchargeofthedepartment.

A.whoB.whoeverC.someoneD.anyone

③Heaskedme______broketheglass.

A.whoB.whoeverC.thatD.whom

④______goesagainstthelawshallbepunished.

A.WhoB.WhoeverC.NomatterwhoD.Anyone

⑤—Couldyoudomeafavour?

—Itdependson______itis.

A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever

BAABC

7.wh-ever与nomatterwh-的用法区别:

wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句;

而nomatterwh-只能引导让步状语从句。

→WhateverIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.

=NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn’tlistentome.

无论我说什么,他都不会听我的。

(让步状语从句)

→HewouldbelievewhateverIsaid.

我说什么他都信。

(宾语从句)

→Whoevergoesagainstthelaw,heshallbepunished.

=Nomatterwhogoesagainstthelaw,heshallbepunished.

不管谁触犯了法律,都要受到惩罚。

→Whoevergoesagainstthelawshallbepunished.

(主语从句)

(二)即学即用:

1.______shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.

A.WhetherB.ThatC.WhenD.Because

2.Theboydivedintothewaterandafter______seemedtobealongtime,hecameupagain.

A.whatB.itC.thatD.which

3.Shewouldtellthestoryto______passedby.

A.whoB.whoeverC.whomD.whomever

4.—Whatareyouworryingabout?

—______youcanreturnthebooktomeintime.

A.IfB.WhetherC.WhenD.What

5.______hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.

A.WhoB.NomatterwhoC.AnyoneD.Theonewho

6.______aterriblestormwouldtakeplaceinHainan.

A.WordcamewhichB.Wordcamethat

C.WordthatcameD.Wordwhichcame

7.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_____shewasandwaitforhermother.

A.whereB.whatC.howD.who

8.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow______.

A.didthequarrelcameabout

B.thequarrelhadcomeabout

C.thequarrelhascomeabout

D.hadthequarrelcomeabout

9.—Whatmadehimsoupset?

—______hefailedinhisexamination.

A.WhatB.ThatC.BecauseD.Whether

10.Areadingroomis______youcanreadnewspapersandmagazinesaswellasbooks.

A.inwhichB.thatC.whereD.theplace

11.Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsago,______taughtmesomethingI’llneverforget.

A.thisB.thatC.whatD.which

12._______,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.

A.Howeverthestoryisamusing

B.Nomatteramusingthestoryis

C.Howeveramusingthestoryis

D.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing

13.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep______muchworkyouhavetodo.

A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever

14.AllthebooksIhavearehere.Youmayborrow______youlike.

A.whateverB.whicheverC.wheneverD.however

15.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept______helphecanget.

A.whicheverB.nomatterwhich

C.whateverD.nomatterwhat

BABBDBABBCDCABC

【模拟试题】

(答题时间:

50分钟)

Ⅰ.单项填空:

1.It’snolongeraquestionnow_______mancanlandonthemoon.

A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.what

2.IfIwereanyyounger,Icoulddo_______Iaminterestedin.

A.nomatterwhatB.whatever

C.nomatterwhichD.whichever

3.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_______difficultitwas.

A.nomatterB.howeverC.whateverD.although

4.After_______wasabouttenminutes,theteachergavethestudentsthecorrectanswertothequestion.

A.thatB.itC.whichD.what

5.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine_______kidscangetatit.

A.evenifB.whichC.whereD.sothat

6.Iknownothingabouttheyounglady_______sheisfromBeijing.

A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.exceptwhat

7._______isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.

A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What

8.Wearelivinginanage_______manythingsaredoneoncomputer.

A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when

9.—Iphonedyourhomeataround9yesterdayevening.Whydidn’tyouanswerit?

—Impossible.Oh,nowIremember:

itwas_______Iwastakingabath.

A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what

10.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.

A.asB.whichC.whatD.that

11.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_______hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

12.Thethought_______LaoGaowouldopenaSichuanrestaurantinLosAngelessurprisedhiswife.

A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if

13.Peoplewereperhapsmorehonestalongtimeagowhenlifewasverydifferentfrom_______itistoday.

A.whichB.thatC.whatD.how

14.Shefoundthewallet_______shelostit.

A.whereB.whenC.inwhichD.that

15._______wegavehimsomethingtoeat,hewouldsaveitupforhislittlesister.

A.WhateverB.HoweverC.WheneverD

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