阅读理解学年八年级英语下学期期末专项复习外研版.docx
《阅读理解学年八年级英语下学期期末专项复习外研版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《阅读理解学年八年级英语下学期期末专项复习外研版.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
阅读理解学年八年级英语下学期期末专项复习外研版
专题15阅读理解（含答案解析）
第一部分题型解题技巧
一、阅读理解题型介绍
阅读理解主要考查考生对阅读材料的理解能力及材料中有效信息的捕捉能力等。
阅读理解短文中考主要文体包括应用文、记叙文、说明文和议论文，考点包括细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测、推理判断、观点态度、写作意图、段落大意、标题归纳等。
二、阅读理解题型做题技巧
一、分门别类识别文体。
记叙文阅读主要抓六大要素，时间地点、人物和事件的起因经过和结果。
除此之外，还要注意人物之间的关系、表现，再从中分析人物的思想品质、性格特征等。
议论文是阐明对人或事的立场观点，因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据，理清论证思路，再进行逻辑推理从而得出结论。
应用文能站近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、中清书、个人简历等，形式多样，对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。
二、统览全篇摘录要点
阅读理解是对整前文章的目的、意园、观点、立场、志度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。
在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录，因为些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接获取的，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。
抽录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。
三、开动脑筋推测词义
初中英语教学基本要求规定，学生能根据上下文推测词义，并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料。
换言之，这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程，学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为，可以借助以下几种方法完成内化过程:
（1）根据上下文猜测调义。
（2）根据构词法猜测词义。
前缓un-表反义词，如happy-unhappy;fairunfair;important-unimportant等。
缀-ment表名词，如developdevelopment;statestatement;argue-argument等。
后最-er、-or或-ist表同源名词，如calculate-calculator;visit-visitor;law-lawyer;art-artist等。
四、用知识和生活经验理解短文
如根据化学知识，可以理解Walterismadefromoxygenandhydrogen;根据生活经验可以理解Greenplantsletoutoxygenandbreatheincarbondioxide.
还有一种方法是根据逻辑推理理解短文。
逆细推理实际上就是文章的弦外之音”“言下之意”。
五、条分缕析理解长旬
物型，相生间选理制的对点之一，长句中酒常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构，对于这类句子要分清主次先批出包句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补，再找出修饰它的从句短语等经过分析，化整为零，化默为简，此句就不难理解了。
第二部分阅读理解专项训练
阅读理解01
Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealth,likeeatinghealthyfood,exercisingandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.Butsomepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileitisenoughforsomepeopletosleepforafewhours.
Theproblemwithsleepisthatmoreandmorepeopleintheworldarenotsleepingenough.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,overhalfthepeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficaccidentsayear.Also,sleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure（高血压）.
Whyaresomanypeoplesleep-deprived?
Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.InAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalue（价值）onworkthanonsleep.Infact,peoplewhosleepalotareusuallyseenas“lazy”.Also,youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon’thavemuchtimetosleep,andtheyonlysleepfourorfivehoursatnight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.
Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?
PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaas,anexpert（专家）insleep.Hesays,“Sleepislikeacreditcard（信用卡）.Whenyousleepless,youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.Themorehoursyoudon’tsleep,themorehoursyoushouldsleepto‘payback’thehoursonyoursleepcreditcard.”
Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersononcesaid,“Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolishideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.”
1．Thewriterthinkstheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimprovehealthisto________.
A．eatmuchhealthyfoodeverydayB．takeexerciseasmuchaspossible
C．getmedicalhelpwhenevernecessaryD．sleepeighthoursormoreeverynight
2．Theunderlinedword“sleep-deprived”inParagraph2means________.
A．sleepingenoughB．havinglesssleep
C．caringaboutsleephealthD．avoidinggettingill
3．AccordingtoDr.JamesMaasinParagraph4,sleepislike________.
A．anaccidentB．areportC．acreditcardD．anexpert
4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A．TheValueofSleepB．TheExperimentsofSleep
C．TheReasonofSleepD．TheCultureofSleep
阅读理解02
Somepeoplehavefuncollectingrocks.Collectingrocksiseasy—youjustpickuparock!
Buthereareafewideastogetyoustartedonyourrockcollection.
Whichrockstocollect
Youcancollectrocksaccordingtocolor,shape,qualityoranythingthatyoufindinteresting.Manyrockcollectorstrytocollectalltheconnectedrocksfromtheareawheretheylive.Otherslookforunusualrocksfromplacestheyvisit.
Wheretofindrocks
Yourrockcollectioncanstartwithrocksyoufindinyourownbackyardorneighborhood.Lookforrocksinriverbedsorareasoferosion（侵蚀）whereyoucanoftenfindunusualrocks.Interestingrockscanalsobefoundinplaceswherehumanshavecutintotheearth,likeroadcutsandconstructionsites.
Cleaningandshowingyourrocks
Asyoucollectrocks,it’sagoodideatokeeparecordofwhenandwhereyoufoundit.Youcanmakeasignwithapieceoftapeandputittoyourrock.Recordthefactofyourfindinafieldnotebook.Youcanputrocksintoeggboxesorshoeboxes.Ifyouwanttoshowyourrocks,tryanartisticglassbottle.
Howtofindmoreinformation
Manycitieshaverockclubsthatofferusefulclasses.Localrockshowsalsoofferhelpfulinformationaboutrocksandyoucanbuyorsellrocksthere.What’smore,manynaturalhistorymuseumshaveexhibitionswhereyoucanknowmoreaboutrocks.
5．Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?
A．Totellushowtostartcollectingrocks.
B．Tointroduceusaspecialkindofrocks.
C．Togiveussomeinformationaboutrocks.
D．Toshowuswherewecanbuyorsellrocks.
6．Whatdoesthewritersuggestifyouwanttoshowyourrocks?
A．Joinarockclub.B．Tryanexpensivevase.
C．Takeanewmetalbox.D．Useanartisticglassbottle.
7．Accordingtothelastparagraph,wecanfindmoreinformationaboutrocks__________.
A．intwowaysB．inthreewaysC．infourwaysD．infiveways
阅读理解03
WhenIwasakid,Igotinterestedinastronomy（天文学）,IoftenwatchednorthernlightsinmyhometowninLapland.Iusedtowonderhowbigtheuniversemightbeandwhatare“behind”thestars.ButasIgrewupandfinallywenttocollege,Ihardlyhadanytimetodevelopmyhobbybecauseoftoomuchhomework.Itwasin2009thatIrediscoveredastronomy.IfoundanastronomymagazineinalibraryandimmediatelyIgotinterestedinastronomyagain.
WhenIstartreadingastronomybooksandmagazines,Istartfindingouthowmanyinterestingthingsthereareoutsidetheplanet.IrealizethattheinformationIamreading,hearingandwatchingopensadoortoahugeworldofinterestingthings.
However,Idonothavemuchtimeformyhobbies.ManytimesIwouldliketoobserveanobjectinthenightsky,butIamworkingorIhavetolookaftermykids.SoIsharemyhobbieswithmykids.Iencouragethemtoobservethestarstogetherwithme.Ireadkids’astronomybooksforthemandtellthemaboutthemoon,stars,thesunandmanyotherinterestingthings.Weallfinditinterestingatthesametime.
IenjoyastronomyasahobbyandIhopeotherparentslikemecanreadbooksandmagazinesaboutit.Justimaginethatyouandyourfamilysittogetherwatchingthestarsandtalkinginthegardenonasummernight!
Howcoolitwillbe!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
8．Thewritergotinterestedinastronomywhen________.
A．shegrewupB．shewasachildC．shegotmarried
9．Thewriterhadtogiveupherhobbybecause________.
A．shewenttocollegeB．shedidn’tlikeitanymoreC．shehadtoomuchhomeworktodo
10．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.
A．thewriterwasmarriedwhenshetookherhobbyforthesecondtime
B．thewriterhaswrittenmanyarticlesaboutastronomysince2009
C．thewriterhasalotoftimeforherhobbies
11．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?
A．发现B．重新发现C．再次喜欢
12．Thewriterwantsto________inthelastparagraph.
A．advisereaderstowatchtheskyatnight
B．showtheimportanceofbooksandmagazines
C．encourage peopletodevelopahobbyinastronomy
阅读理解04
FilmsinUMECinemathisweek
Name:
IPMan4（《叶问4》）
Director（导演）:
YeWeixin
Mainactor:
ZhenZidan,WuYue
Time:
FromMondaytoWednesdayat8:
00p.m.
Type:
Action
Ticketprice:
¥50
Name:
FrozenII（《冰雪奇缘2》）
Director:
ChrisBuck,JenniferLee
Mainactor:
KristenBell,IdinaMenzel,JoshGad
Time:
FromFridaytoSundayat7:
30p.m.
Type:
Cartoon
Ticketprice:
¥30（HalfonSundayforchildren）
Name:
TheFoundingofAnArmy（《建军大业》）
Director:
LiuWeiqiang
Mainactor:
LiuYe,ZhuYawen
Time:
FromWednesdaytoFridayat8:
00p.m.
Type:
History
Ticketprice:
¥40
Name:
StarsWars:
EpisodeIX（《星球大战：
天行者崛起》）
Director:
J.J.Abrams
Mainactor:
DaisyRidley,KyloRen,PoeDameron
Time:
FromTuesdaytoThursdayat8:
00p.m.
Type:
Sciencefiction
Ticketprice:
¥45
13．HowmanyfilmsareputononWednesday?
.
A．FourB．ThreeC．TwoD．One
14．ThedirectorofIPMan4is .
A．YeWeixinB．ChrisBuckC．LiuWeiqiangD．J.J.Abrams
15．Mrs.GreenwantstowatchFrozenIIwithherten-year-oldsononSunday.Sheshouldpay .
A．30yuanB．35yuanC．40yuanD．45yuan
16．Whichofthefilmsisabouthistory?
.
A．IPMan4B．FrozenIIC．TheFoundingofAnArmyD．StarsWars:
EpisodeIX
17．Threemainactorsarementionedinthefilms .
A．IPMan4andTheFoundingofAnArmyB．IPMan4andFrozenII
C．FrozenIIandStarsWars:
EpisodeIXD．TheFoundingofAnArmyandStarsWars:
EpisodeIX
阅读理解05
Peopleallovertheworldenjoysports,becausesportscanhelpthemkeephealthyandlivelong.Somesportsorgamesgobackto（追溯到）thousandsofyears,likerunningorjumping.Chineseboxing,forexample,hasaverylonghistory.Butbasketballandvolleyballareverynew.Peopleareinventingnewsportsorgamesallthetime.
Manypeopleliketowatchothersplaysportsorgames.Theydon’tplaythemselves.TheybuyticketsorturnontheirTVstowatchthegames.Oftentheygetveryexcitedandhappywhentheirfavoriteplayerorteamwinsthematch.
Peopleplaydifferentsportsindiff
升级会员 