英语 阅读理解三.docx
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英语阅读理解三
英语-阅读理解(三)
(总分:
100.00,做题时间:
90分钟)
一、ReadingComprehension(总题数:
0,分数:
0.00)
二、Passage1(总题数:
1,分数:
20.00)
WhenIwasakid,Ineverknewwhatmyparents—oranyoneelse—didforaliving.AsfarasI
couldtell,allgrownupshadmysteriousjobsthatinvolveddrinkinglotsofcoffeeandarguing
aboutRichardNixon.Iftheyhadjob-relatedstress,theykeptitprivate.NowAmericanfamilies
areexpectedtobemoreintimate.Whilethishasresultedinalotmorehugs,Iloveyou,and
attendanceatkids'footballgames,unfortunatelyweparentsalsoinsistonsharingthe
frustrationsofourworklives.
Whilewehavecomplainedaboutourjobsorfallenasleepincar-poollines,ourchildrenhave
beennoticing.Theyareworriedaboutus.Anewsurvey,Askthechildren,conductedbythe
FamiliesandWorkInstituteofNewYorkCity,queriedmorethan1,000kidsbetweentheagesof
8and18abouttheirparents'worklives.Ifyouweregrantedonewishtochangethewayyour
parents'workaffectedyourlife,thesurveyaskedkids,whatwouldthatwishbe?
Mostparents
assumedthatchildrenwouldwantmoretimewiththem,butonly10%did.Instead,themostcommon
wish(among34%)wasthatparentswouldbelessstressedandtiredbywork.
AllisonKevinisthemotherofthreeyoungchildrenandaprofessionalinthegrowingfieldof
work/lifequality.Kevincounselsemployeeswhoareoverwhelmedbytheirworkandfamily
obligationstocarefullyreviewtheircommitments—notonlyattheofficebutathomeandinthe
communitytoo—andstartparingthemdown.It'snotaboutgettingupearlierinthemorningso
youcangetmoredone,shesays.It'saboutsayingnoandmakingchoices.
Wecanstartbyleavingwork,andthoughtsofwork,behindassoonaswestartthetriphome.
Dosomethingtogetyourselfinagoodmood,likelisteningtomusic,ratherthanreturningcalls
onthecellphone.Whenyougethome,changeoutofyourworkclothes,lettheansweringmachine
takeyourcalls,andstayawayfrome-mail.Whenyourkidsaskaboutyourday,tellthemabout
somethinggoodthathappened.(Inthesurvey,69%ofmomssaidtheylikedtheirwork,butonly
42%ofkidsthoughttheirmothersreallydid.)
Parentscanalsodestressbycuttingbackontheirchildren'sactivities.Ifkeepingupwithyour
kid'sscheduleiskillingyou,insistthathechoosesbetweenkaratelessonsandthetheatertroupe.
Parentsshouldalsosneakawayfromworkandfamilyoccasionallytohavesomefun.Ikeepa
basketballinthetrunkofmycar.Imightneverbeabletofixeverythingatworkorathome,
butatleastIcanworkonmyjumpshot.
(分数:
20.00)
(1).Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbethebesttitleofthispassage?
A.KidsSay.Chill.B.KidsStressParents.
C.ParentsComplainaboutwork.D.ParentsGetinGoodMood.(分数:
4.00)
A.√
B.
C.
D.
解析:
[解析]综观全文,A项为正确答案。
(2).Theauthormentionsherownchildhoodexperiencetoshowthat______.
A.sheneverunderstoodwhyherparentshadoddjobsandarguedaboutthepresident
B.shedidn'tknowwhatherparentsdidtoearnmoneytosupportthefamilywhenshewasyoung
C.shedidunderstandwhytheAmericanbecamemoreandmorecloseandhuggedalot
D.shecouldseethattheAmericanparentskeepthestressandtirednessfromworktothemselves(分数:
4.00)
A.
B.
C.
D.√
解析:
[解析]本题的题干处是说作者提及她的童年经历的目的。
依据句是第一段最后一句的“unfortunatelyweparentsalsoinsistonsharingthefrustrationsofourworklives.(不幸的是,现在的父母同时也在与子女‘分享'工作上的挫折。
)”据此可知,D项为正确答案。
(3).Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthatnowadaysthechildren______.
A.areveryanxiousabouttheirparentsfortheirhardwork
B.arelookingforwardtobeingwiththeirparents
C.areveryconsiderateabouttheirparents
D.areveryambitioustochangetheirparents'work(分数:
4.00)
A.
B.
C.√
D.
解析:
[解析]本题可参照第二段的最后一句“Instead,themostcommonwish(among34%)wasthat
parentswouldbelessstressedandtiredbywork.”据此可知C项为正确答案。
(4).Thephraseparingthemdowninthethirdparagraphmostlikelymeans______.
A.gatheringtheworkandfamilydutiestogether
B.matchingtheworkqualitytolifequality
C.decreasingthedefeatingcommitments
D.denyingtofulfilltheirworkandfamilyobligations(分数:
4.00)
A.
B.
C.√
D.
解析:
[解析]本题可根据后面的一句话来帮助选择,It'snotaboutgettingupearlierinthemorning
soyoucangetmoredone,shesays.It'saboutsayingnoandmakingchoices.(Levin说:
“这并不是要你早点起床来多干些事情,而是要你学会说‘不',学会做选择。
”)由此推知“paringthemdown”的意思是减少不重要的事务。
所以C项为正确答案。
(5).WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewaytodestresstheparents'heavyburden?
A.Forgettingaboutthejobassoonasleavingtheoffice.
B.Reducingparticipatingtheactivitiesfortheoffice.
C.Sharingwiththechildrensomehappyexperience.
D.Takingpartmoreactivelyincommunityactivities.(分数:
4.00)
A.
B.
C.
D.√
解析:
[解析]D项与短文中的描述正好相反。
三、Passage2(总题数:
1,分数:
20.00)
Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject(研究对象).
Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermay
lackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul—thequalityoflife.Who
shouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?
Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,
familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistance
thatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking'sservantmightnotbethebestonetowrite
abiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessary
towritetheking'sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.
Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheor
shehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everyposition
hasstrengthsandweaknesses,tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluate
themintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.
Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographiesoftenrevealademocraticmotive,
theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Other
biographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.Thebiographies
ofJesus(耶稣)foundintheBibleareinthisclass.
Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountistheauthenticone.Inadvancingthisclaim,they
arehelpedifthebiographyisauthorizedbythesubject;thispresumablyallowsthebiographer
specialaccesstoprivateinformation.Unauthorizedbiographiesalsohavetheirappeal,however,
sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the
%unauthorizedcharacterisationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubject
hadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveralauthenticones.
Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotellhestoryofalife,perhapsnoteven
thesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.
(分数:
20.00)
(1).Accordingtotheauthor,anidealbiographerwouldbeonewho______.
A.knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhim
B.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting
C.isindependentandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywriting
D.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject(分数:
4.00)
A.√
B.
C.
D.
解析:
[解析]推论题。
问根据作者的意见,一个理想的传记作家会是什么样的人。
文章第一段便指出:
“……与研究对象关系过于密切,作家就会失去客观性。
与研究对象关系不够密切,作家就会缺乏写传记所需要的那种同情心。
”A项说“既非常了解研究对象,又能与之保持一个适当的距离”,这样,就既能保持应有的同情心,又能保持客观性,不失公允。
看来理想的传记作家应能准确地把握自己与研究对象之间关系的这个度。
B、C、D三项均不合适,因为三者均没有把作家与研究对象之间的关系作为一个参照标准。
故答案为A项。
(2).TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat______.
A.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreaders
B.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects'lives
C.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfigures
D.biographiescanservedifferentpurposes(分数:
4.00)
A.
B.
C.
D.√
解析:
[解析]推论题。
问作者引述《圣经》中耶稣传记的目的何在。
A项说:
“最好的传记旨在改变读者。
”由于文中并未提到传记的优劣标准,因此该项不合题意。
C项说:
“最好的传记是关于英雄和名人的传记。
”项说:
“传记是被研究对象生活的真实写照。
”这句话本身没有错,B这也牵涉到传记优劣的标准问题。
.
但不是作者想要说明的。
第三段中指出:
“当它们的研究对象是英雄或名人时,传记作品常常表现一个平民化的主题:
它们试图表明这些英雄或名人只是人,只是一些普普通通的人。
另一类传记旨在改变我们,想让我们变得比现在更好。
《圣经》中耶稣传记就属于这一类。
”这里举出两类传记作品,它们的目的不同。
作者的真正用意是想说明D项所包含的内容,即“传记作品能为不同的目的服务。
”故答案应为D项。
(3).Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?
A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders.
B.Anauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubject.
C.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography.
D.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership.(分数:
4.00)
A.
B.
C.√
D.
解析:
[解析]正误判断题。
通过阅读全文,我们可以领会作者的用意:
传记写作难。
C项“任何人都不会写出十全十美的传记。
”这种看法比较客观,易于接受,也同作者的基本观点相吻合。
故答案为C项。
(4).Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause______.
A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividly
B.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject'sprivatelife
C.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntooutsiders
D.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject'scharacter(分数:
4.00)
A.
B.√
C.
D.
解析:
[解析]辨认事实题。
问一部XX的传记作品可能会吸引更多的读者,原因何在。
最后一段第四句话指出:
在图书促销时,“XX的”传记作品通常暗示人们书中含有他们所期待的、所感兴趣的内幕情况,这些也是研究对象希望掩饰的。
B项说“它包含着令人感兴趣的有关传记对象私生活的内容”,这句与上句话内容相吻合,故B项为正确答案。
(5).Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson______.
A.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjob
B.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereaders
C.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiography
D.thecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofbiographiesquestions(分数:
4.00)
A.√
B.
C.
D.
解析:
[解析]主旨题