高考备考英语一轮复习考点学与练必修1 Unit 1 Friendship押题专练解析版.docx
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高考备考英语一轮复习考点学与练必修1Unit1Friendship押题专练解析版
Unit1Friendship
第一节阅读理解
A
Ninemonthsago,Iwaspackingmydaughter'sbackpackwithnewschoolsupplies,wonderinghowIwasgoingtosendherofftokindergarten.Istoodontheplayground,tearspouringdownmyfacebecauseIwasn'treadyforthisfirstdayofkindergarten—butshewasready.TodayIwillbestandingontheplayground,onceagainwithtears,becausethisprecioustimewentbytooquickly.ThisweekIrealizedthatInevertoldyou“thankyou”.Idon'tknowhowtoexpressamother'sthanksinthewayateacherdeserves.
WefirstmetyouattheopenhousetheweekbeforeschoolstartedandIimmediatelyknewyouwouldbethetypeofteacherwewouldappreciateforever.Whilethestudentslinedupfortheday,youtouchedeachoneontheshoulderasyougreetedthem.Ifastudentwashavingatoughmorning,youquietlyheldhishandandwalkedhimintotheschool.
IgottoknowyouasIvolunteeredinthelunchroom.Youmadesureyourstudentswereallreadyforlunchbeforeyouwentonyourownlunchbreak.Youkepttrackoftheirbigthingsandsmallthings,becauseasaveterankindergartenteacher,youknowthatthesmallthingsarethebigthings.Ilovedthewayyoumadeeachstudentfeelspecial.Youhelpedthemfallinlovewithschool,whichissoimportantatthestart.
Toalloftheteachersintheworldwhoarelikeyou,Iwishyouknewhowgratefulparentsareforyou.Weadoreyou,respectyou,andappreciateyou.Wedon'ttellyouenough—weprobablydon'ttellyouever.Iwishwecouldtakeyouwithustothenext12grades.
体裁：
记叙文 题材：
家校关系 主题：
感激师恩
【语篇解读】 本文主要描述了一位幼儿妈妈表达对幼儿园老师的感激。
1．Whydidtheauthor'stearscomedownonherdaughter'sfirstdayofkindergarten?
A．Shehadn'tmadefullpreparationsforherdaughter.
B．Herdaughterwasn'twillingtogotokindergarten.
C．Shefeltworriedaboutherdaughter'sbeingaway.
D．Herdaughterwasn'tfamiliarwiththeteachers.
【答案】C
【解析】考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“Istoodontheplayground,tearspouringdownmyfacebecauseIwasn'treadyforthisfirstdayofkindergarten—butshewasready”可知，作者落泪的原因是自己心里未做好面对孩子离开自己去上幼儿园的事实的准备。
故C项为正确答案。
根据第一段首句中的“Ninemonthsago,Iwaspackingmydaughter'sbackpackwithnewschoolsupplies”可知，作者对孩子入园前的各项物品的准备是充分的，故A项错误；B、D两项均为无中生有。
2．Theauthornoticedtheteacher'scharacteristicswhen________.
A．shestoodontheplayground
B．shewasattheopenhouse
C．shesaidgoodbyetotheteacher
D．sheworkedasateacheratlunchtime
【答案】B
【解析】考查细节理解。
根据第二段首句“WefirstmetyouattheopenhousetheweekbeforeschoolstartedandIimmediatelyknewyouwouldbethetypeofteacherwewouldappreciateforever”可知，在开学前一周的校园开放参观日当天，作者就看出了孩子的老师将会是自己永远感激的人。
3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“veteran”inParagraph3mean?
A．Beautiful.B．Generous.
C．Skillful.D．Humorous.
【答案】C
【解析】考查词义猜测。
根据第三段的内容可知，老师关注孩子们的大小事，并且深知幼儿园无小事。
由此可推知，这是一位经验丰富的幼儿教师，故画线词与C项“熟练的”词义相近。
A项意为“美丽的”，B项意为“慷慨的”，D项意为“幽默的”，均与语境不符。
4．Whatisthistextmainlyabout?
A．Goodwishestoakindergartenteacher.
B．Sincerethankstoakindergartenteacher.
C．Asweetmemoryofkindergartenlife.
D．Akid'sdailybehaviorinthekindergarten.
【答案】B
【解析】考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知，本文是一位幼儿妈妈表达对老师的感激，故选B项。
A项“对幼儿园老师的美好祝愿”，C项“幼儿园生活的美好回忆”，D项“一个孩子在幼儿园的日常行为”，均与文意不符。
B
ItisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonRainForest.Withoutitwewouldnothavegrownintoprimates（灵长目动物）.Orwewouldprobablystillbestrugglingtosharpenabronzetoolwhilecrawlingaroundonfourlegsinsearchofmeat.Withoutcompetition,Columbuswouldn'thavediscoveredAmericaandEdisonwouldneverhaveinventedthelightbulb.
Thefriendship,likeallrelationshipsbetweentwopeople,involvescompetition.Itisn'tcompetitioninatraditionalsensebecausetherearenogoalstobescoredandnoprizes.Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous（同时的）demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace,orlight—betterexplainsit.
Asinnature,highschoollifeisgovernedbyasetoflaws,similartoashortenedversionofDarwin'stheoryofevolution,overpopulation,andcompetition.Thereisanabundanceofhighschoolstudentsandtodistinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing（分类）takeplace.Inhighschool,friendshipcoexistswithcompetitioneventhoughattimestherelationshipisrough.Infact,insomecircumstances,competitionistoomuchofaburdenforfriendshiptobear,causingittofallapart.Collegeadmissionisthefinalhighschoolobjective.Fouryearsofhardworkistoachievegoodgrades,andastudent'sfateisdeterminednotonlybytheseachievements,butbytherecordsofthousandsofotherseniorstryingtoachievesimilarrecognition.
Nevertheless,bynecessity,competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.Itsetsandimprovesthestandardsineverythingfromsportstoschoolwork.Healthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy（妒忌）cantearfriendshipapart.Yet,despiteallthis,withoutcompetition,wewouldbelost.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了友谊和竞争之间的关系，健康的竞争促进友谊，而恶性的竞争则破坏友谊。
【难句分析】ItisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonRainForest.
分析：
thatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonRainForest是真正的主语，而It作形式主语；whether...or...意为“不管是……还是……”。
译文：
很显然，无论是在美利坚合众国还是在亚马孙热带雨林，竞争围绕着人类生活的各个方面。
5．Whatdoestheecologicaldefinitionmainlyexplain?
A．Howfriendscompetewitheachother.
B．Howtowinthecompetition.
C．Whattheresultofcompetitionis.
D．Whatcompetitionexactlyis.
【答案】D
【解析】考查细节理解。
分析第二段最后—句“Perhapstheecologicaldefinition—thesimultaneous（同时的）demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrients,livingspace,orlight—betterexplainsit”可知，该句的主干是Perhapstheecologicaldefinitionbetterexplainsit，其中“it”指代的是前一句中的“competition”。
两个破折号之间的内容解释“theecologicaldefinition”。
句意：
两个或者更多的生物体同时对有限的生态环境资源有需求，如营养物质、生存空间、光——这一生态学定义更好地解释了竞争（的含义）。
故选D项。
6．Accordingtotheauthor,whatcausesthehighschoolstudentstocompete?
A．Thenumberofthemistoolarge.
B．Friendshipisaburdenforthem.
C．Theyknowthelawsofnaturewell.
D．Theyaredividedintodifferentgroups.
【答案】A
【解析】考查细节理解。
根据第三段内容可知，高中生活与自然界一样有一系列的规则，这与达尔文关于进化、人口过多和竞争的理论相似。
也正是因为学生人数众多，为了区分，所以对学生进行了排名、分类。
再加上考大学这一高中生活的最终目标的压力，高中生之间的竞争就不可避免地产生了。
故选A项。
7．Whichbestdescribestherelationshipoffriendshipandcompetition?
A．Friendshipisalwaysbasedoncompetition.
B．Thedegreeofcompetitionisvitaltofriendship.
C．Competitionisterriblyharmfultofriendship.
D．Competitionisaresultoflostfriendship.
【答案】B
【解析】考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Healthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy（妒忌）cantearfriendshipapart”可知，健康的、友好的竞争对友谊有好处，而过于激烈的、存在妒忌的竞争会使友谊破裂。
因此竞争的度对友谊是至关重要的。
故选B项。
C
IthinkitwasOctober,1982.AfriendhadbusinessdealingsinthecityofReno,Nevada,andIwasaskedtoaccompanyheronanovernighttrip.Whilesheconductedherbusiness,IwasaimlesslywanderingdownVirginiaStreet,headingintoamostgloriouslybeautifulsunset.Ihadanurgetospeaktosomeoneonthestreettosharethatbeauty,butIcouldn'tmakeeyecontactwithanyone.QuicklyIduckedintoadepartmentstoreandaskedtheladybehindthecounterifshecouldcomeoutsideforjustaminute.ShelookedatmeasthoughIwerefromsomeotherplanetandsaid，“Well...”Surprisingly,shefollowedmeout.
WhenshegotoutsideIsaidtoher,“Justlookatthatsunset!
NobodyoutherewaslookingatitandIjusthadtoshareitwithsomeone.”
Forafewsecondswejustlooked.ThenIsaid,“God'sinhisheavenandall'srightwiththeworld.”Ithankedherforcomingouttoseeitandsharingthebeauty.
Fouryearslatermysituationhadchangedconsiderably.Ihadcometotheendofatwenty yearmarriage.Iwasaloneandonmyownforthefirsttimeinmylife.Oneday,whilemyclothesweregoingaround,IpickedupaUnityMagazineandreadanarticleaboutawomanwhohadbeeninsimilarcircumstances.Shehadcometotheendofamarriage,movedtoastrangecommunity,andtheonlyjobshecouldfindwasoneshedisliked:
cosmeticsalesinadepartmentstore.Wehadalotincommon.
Thensomethinghappenedtoherthatchangedeverything.Shesaidawomancameintoherdepartmentstoreandaskedhertostepoutsidetolookatasunset.Thestrangerhadsaid“God'sinhisheavenandall'srightwiththeworld，”andshehadrealizedthetruthinthatstatementandthatshesimplyhadnotbeenseeingit.Fromthatmomenton,sheturnedherlifearound.
【文章大意】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
作者与陌生的女店员分享看到的日落美景，而这次经历改变了这位女店员的人生。
文章旨在告诉读者用乐观积极的态度面对变化不定的人生。
【长难句分析】Oneday,whilemyclothesweregoingaround,IpickedupaUnityMagazineandreadanarticleaboutawomanwhohadbeeninsimilarcircumstances.（第四段第四句）
分析：
该句为主从复合句。
“whohadbeeninsimilarcircumstances”为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词awoman;while引导时间状语从句。
译文：
一天，我四处闲逛时在UnityMagazine上阅读到了一篇文章，该文章是关于一位和我有着相同遭遇的女士的。
1.Whydidthewriterduckintoadepartmentstore?
A．Shefounditwasboringwithnobodytalkingtoher.
B．Shewantedtobuysomethingforherfriend.
C．Shewantedtofindsomebodytosharethebeautifulsunset.
D．Shethoughtitwasherresponsibilitytosharethenaturalbeautywithothers.
【答案】C 考查细节理解。
【关键句】Whilesheconductedherbusiness,IwasaimlesslywanderingdownVirginiaStreet,headingintoamostgloriouslybeautifulsunset.Ihadanurgetospeaktosomeoneonthestreettosharethatbeauty,butIcouldn'tmakeeyecontactwithanyone.（第一段第三、四句）
译文：
在她处理业务期间，我漫无目的地在Virginia大街上闲逛，眼前便是辉煌壮丽的日落美景。
我迫切地想在街上找个人和他分享美景，可是我一个人都没有找到。
【解析】该题提问的是作者溜进商店的
升级会员 