Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza文档格式.docx
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barefists赤手空拳
barefeet赤脚
baremountain光秃秃的山
ahousebareoffurniture不带家具的房子
ashelfbareofbooks空的书架
bare-footed赤脚的,光着脚的
bare-headed没带帽子的
v.使赤裸,暴露
bareone’steeth:
getangrywithsb.
eg.Don’tbareyouteethatme!
bareone’sheartout说心里话
barely很少
eg.Barelywashesoangry.他很少这么生气。
(否定副词前置要倒装)
naked:
notwearingclothes
nakedeyes裸眼
nudeadj.裸体的
nudescenes裸体镜头
inone’sbirthdaysuit(ahumorouswaytosaynotwearinganyclothes)没有穿衣服的
3.crudeadj.
1)粗俗的,粗野的
crudejokes粗俗的笑话
2)raw原初的,生的
crudeoil原油
rudeadj.
1)notpolite粗鲁的
arudereply粗鲁的回答
arudeman粗鲁的人
2)simple
arudewoodenchair粗制滥造的一把木椅
arudesketch草图,草稿
roughadj.粗糙的
aroughtrackledtothefarm通向农场的崎岖小路
aroughestimate大略的估计
roughskin粗糙的皮肤<
>
delicateskin细腻的皮肤
aroughtemper暴躁的脾气
givesbtheroughsideofone’stongue严厉申斥
eg.Thebossgavetheroughsideofhistonguetotheassistantwhowaslateagain.
老板对又迟到的店员严厉斥责。
vulgaradj.粗俗下流的
pornography(porn)色情
barbarousadj.未开化,野蛮,残忍的
barbecue烧烤
urban<
urban
(城市的)(文明的,彬彬有礼的)
4.technicaladj.科技的,专业的
technicalexperts科技专家
technicalterms科技术语
technically:
strictly严格的
technicallyspeaking严格的讲
strictlyspeaking严格的讲
literallyspeaking严格的讲
technology技术
art技巧
crafts手艺
ScienceStudents理科生
LiberalArtsStudents文科生
5.popluaradj
popularmusic流行音乐
apopularsinger流行音乐歌手
aPOPsinger
(文)公众的,人民的,依靠人民的
popularopinion舆论
populargovernment民主政治
popularsuperstition民间的迷信
popularprice价钱低廉的
popularityn.名气,人缘,名望
enjoytremendouspopularity享有盛誉
eg.LuXunenjoystremendouspopularityinChineseliterature.
fame名声,知名度
winfame
risetofame名声显赫
cometofame名声鹊起
fameandfortune名与利
reputation名誉
winareputation为……赢得名誉
earnareputation
establishareputation
eg.Hiskindnesswonhimareputationasagoodman.
liveuptoone’sreputation名不虚传,不负众望
eg.Theeccentricliveduptohisreputationandarrivedlateagain.
eccentric(不合常规的人,古怪的人,怪僻的人)
renownn.名声,名望
winrenown
eminencen.显赫
eminentadj.杰出的(尤指在学术界)
eliminatesbfrom淘汰
eg.Chinesefootballteamwaseliminatedfromthefirstround.
中国足球队第一场比赛就被淘汰了。
prominencen.显著,杰出,卓越
comeintoprominence暂露头角
6.adorev.tolikesth/sbverymuch喜爱
eg.Mothersabsolutelyadoretheirchildren.
worship:
lovesb/sthverymuch崇拜
worshipidols崇拜偶像
worshiphero崇拜英雄
admirev.
1)tohaveveryhighopinionofsth崇拜,崇敬
admiresbforsth
eg.IadmireChairmanmaoforhischarisma.
我特别崇拜毛主席的领袖气质。
2)欣赏
admirewindowdisplay欣赏橱窗展示
admiretheview欣赏风光,欣赏风景
esteemv.尊敬,尊重
esteemitagreathonortodo荣誉之至
reverev.尊敬,敬畏(文)
areveredfather令人敬畏的父亲
7.bitterly
bittertears苦涩的泪水
bitterwinter严冬
bitterenemies劲敌
bitterblames苛责
bitterquarrels激烈的争吵
bitterfights
bitterpast痛苦的过去
bittermemories痛苦的回忆
8.betv.toriskmoneyontheresultofarace,game,competition
betmoneyonsthwithsb和某人赌……
eg.I’dliketobetwithyouontheoutcomeofmatch.
我愿意和你赌比赛的结果。
n.
makeabetonsth把钱压在……上打赌
haveabetonsth把钱压在……上打赌
placeabetonsth把钱压在……上打赌
Youbet!
你说得(太)对了!
(口)
Ibetthat……我敢打赌
eg.Ibetthathewillwinthegame.我敢打赌他能赢得比赛的胜利。
9.academyn.学院(专科)
wordorigin:
aplacebythenameofAcademianearAthenswherePlatoestablishedaschoolwhichisnamedAcademy.
theRoyalAcademyofArts皇家艺术学院
theChineseAcademyofSciences中科院
OscarAcademyAward奥斯卡金象奖
institute研究所
MIT:
MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology麻省理工学院
GIT:
GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology左治亚州理工学院
CIT:
CaliforniaInstituteofTechnology加州理工学院
college:
ofasmallsize
university:
ofalargesizeandcomprehensive
school:
(高等院校)学院
lawschool法学院
medicalschool医学院
post-graduateschool研究生学院
10.extravagantadj.挥霍无度的
beextravagantwith:
usingtoomuchofsth
eg.Don’tbeextravagantwithwater.不要浪费水。
anextravagantdinnerparty豪华晚宴
beextravagantinfoodanddress生活讲吃讲穿的
extravagancen.
liveinextravagance生活奢侈;
过着奢侈的生活
excessiveadj.过度的
excessivedrinking过度饮酒
luxurious:
veryexpensive,beautifulandcomfortable舒适豪华的
eg.Thehugehouseisluxuriouswithtwostoreys.这座豪宅有两层之高。
livealuxuriouslife=livealifeofluxury过着豪华的生活
luxuriant:
growingstonglyandthickly植物长得繁茂的
aluxuriantbeard长得浓密的胡须
11.povertyn.贫穷
liveinpoverty生活贫困
fallintopoverty陷入贫穷
sinkintopoverty
dieinpoverty在穷困潦倒中死去
apovertystrickenarea赤贫地区
apovertyofimagination缺乏想像力
faminen.饥荒
eg.Mankindissufferingfamineandwarallthetime.
人类一直饱受战争和饥荒之苦。
destituteadj.havingnomoney,nofood,nowheretolive 匮乏
bedestituteof
acrudemandestituteofcompassion一个缺乏同情心的粗鲁的人
com(前缀:
共同)-passion(热情):
compassion同情
II.Text:
1.BoxingmatcheswereverypopularinEnglandtwohundredyearsago.
boxingmatches
match:
(有输赢结果的)比赛
game(有规则的)比赛
theAsianGames亚运会
theOlympicGames奥林匹克运动会
contest(由评委评出结果的)比赛
abeautycontest选美大赛
Englishspeechcontest英语讲演比赛
competition竞赛,竞争
competitionforjob工作竞赛
tournament:
aseriesofgames联赛,大型锦标赛
tennistournament网球锦标比赛
chesstournament国际象棋比赛
badmintontournament羽毛球比赛
race(与速度有关的)比赛
aswimmingrace游泳比赛
aboatrace划船比赛
abicyclerace自行车比赛
2.Inthosedays,boxersfoughtwithbarefistsforprizemoney.
fight
1)totakepartinawarorbattle
eg.VietnamfoughtFranceandthentheUSforover30years.
越南先后与法国和美国作战三十多年。
2)tohitsbinasport
eg.Peterfoughthisbitterenemyinthelastround.
Peter与他的死敌在最后一场比赛中不期而遇。
3)fightfor为……而奋斗,拼搏
strugglefor
fighttotheindependenceofthenation为祖国的独立而奋斗
fightfortheinterestofmotherland为祖国的利益而奋斗
fightforfreedom争取自由
fightforananswer绞尽脑汁
4)fightagainst与……抗争
fightagainsteconomicodds与经济困难作斗争(odds 困难,拮据)
fightagainstone’sfate与命运作抗争
5)fightshyofdoingsth(口)回避,讨厌
eg.PrincessDianafoughtshyofmeetingjournalistsbeforeshedied.
戴安娜王妃生前特别回避记者。
fighter战士,战斗机,拳击手
3.Becauseofthis,theywereknownas‘prizefighters’.
….theywereknownasprizefighters
eg.Theycametobeknowntousasfighters.
eg.Theywerereferredtoasfighters.
becauseofthis正因为如此
duetothis
owingtothis
onaccountofthis(一般不出现在口语中)
4.However,boxingwasverycrude,fortherewerenorulesandaprizefightercouldbeseriouslyinjuredorevenkilledduringamatch.
1)beseriouslyinjured受重创
bebadlyinjured受重创
beslightlyinjured受轻伤
injure受外伤
injureone’spride使自尊心(信心)受到打击
injureself-esteem使自尊心(信心)受到打击
eg.Hisfailureinthecompetitioninjuredhisself-esteem.
wound(在作战)刀剑刺伤
hurt
hurtone’sfeelings伤害别人的情感
harm对……有害,伤害
eg.Itwillharmyoureyesifyoureadinthesun.
2)kill
killsb
eg.Takecareofhim!
eg.Myheadiskillingme!
我头痛的要命!
(Myheadishurting!
)
killtime打发时光
eg.Weplaychesstokilltime.我们下象棋打发时间。
eg.Shedressedtokilltonight!
eg.Shestolethewholeshowtonight!
太抢眼了,出尽了风头。
eg.Youarekillingme!
你笑死我了。
lady-killer少妇杀手(贬)
man-killer迷人的女子(贬)
love-killer恋爱高手
road-killer马路杀手(新手)
5.OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywasDanielMendoza,whowasbornin1764.
oneofthemostcolourfulfiguresin…historywas…
figure人物
colourfulfigure引人注目的人物
legendaryfigure传奇式的人物
eg.OneofthemostlegendaryfiguresinliteraryhistoryisJackLondon,whowasfamousforTheCallofTheWild.
在文学史上最富传奇式的人物当属杰克伦敦,他以《野性的呼唤》而闻名。
eg.OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinmilitaryhistoryisNapoleonBonaparte.
在军事史上最富光彩的人物当属拿破伦。
6.Theuseofgloveswasnotintroduceduntil1860,whentheMarquisofQueensberrydrewupthefirstsetofrules.
1)gloves(五指分开的)手套
mitten(四指合并的)手套
workhandinglovewith相互勾结,狼狈为奸
behandinglovewith相互勾结,狼狈为奸
eg.Itwasrumoredthatsomeofthegangsterswereworkinghandingloveswiththepolice.
2)introducesthinto/from引进
eg.ThesefriendlydogswerefirstintroducedfromAsia.
eg.TobaccowasintroducedintoEuropefromAmerica.
3)drawup起草
drawupalistofcandidates起草一份候选人名单
drawupadeclaration起草一份宣言
drawupacontract起草一份合同
drawupanagreement起草一份协议
drawupachair拉近了一把椅子
4)asetofrules一套规则
表示成套的事物的量词
achestofdrawers一摞抽屉
apackofplayingcards一副牌
asetoftoybricks一套积木
asuiteofrooms一套房间 (注:
suite[swi:
t] 套房)
asuitofclothes一身衣服
7.Thoughhewastechnicallyaprizefighter,Mendozadidmuchtochangecrudeprizefightingintoasport,forhebroughtsciencetothegame.
1)didmuchtodosth为……做出了很大的贡献(much代词)
eg.MrDengdidmuchtoimprovethepeople’slivingstandard.
eg.ChairmanMaodidmuchtochangeanoldChinaintoaprosperoussocialistcountry.
dolittletosth
eg.Hisarrivaldidlittletosolvetheproblem.
2)…changecrudeprizefightingintoasport…
changedesertintofarmland