高中英语课堂阅读技能及训练题详解文档格式.docx

高中英语课堂阅读技能及训练题详解文档格式.docx

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　　•语段阅读

　　•默读

　　克服以下不良的阅读习惯：

　　•逐词阅读

　　•总是朗读

　　•唇读、有声默读

　　3.阅读策略与技能

　　学生有必要掌握各种阅读技能，如skimming,scanning,word-guessing,inferring等，以根据具体的阅读任务选择适当的阅读方式。

学生同样需要掌握planning,monitoring,management,self-evaluation,resourcing等策略，以培养学生的阅读计划能力，阅读中的元认知能力。

在设计教学内容时不仅要注意策略、技能的培养，更要注意培养每个学生技能、策略的具体的支撑技巧与方法。

（二）高中英语课堂阅读技能

　　1.略读Skimming

　　2.找读、查读、寻读Scanning

　　3.预测下文Prediction

　　4.理解大意Understandingthegist

　　5.分清文章中的事实和观点Understandingfactsandopinions

　　6.猜测词义Guessingthemeaningofthevocabulary

　　7.推理判断Inferring

　　8.了解重点细节Understandingthedetailedinformation

　　9.理解文章结构Understandingthestructureofthetext

　　10.理解图表信息Understandingtheinformationinthediagram

　　11.理解指代关系Understandingthereferencewords

　　12.理解逻辑关系Understandingthelogicalrelations

　　13.理解作者意图Understandingthewriter’sintention

　　14.评价阅读内容Evaluatingthecontentofthereadingtext（三）高中英语课堂阅读技能的训练方法

　　高中英语课堂阅读技能的训练，教师要通过设计适当的课堂阅读任务与活动来实现。

我们列举几项训练学生阅读技能的任务的设计。

　　1.Guessingthemeaningofthevocabulary

　　1）Understandingawordfromitscontext

（1）根据同义关系猜测词义

　　例如：

　　1.Inordertodiscoverwhohadanaturalabilitytolearnlanguages,thestudentsweregiventeststodeterminetheirlanguageaptitude.

　　2.Thejobapplicantsatinthepersonnelofficeandfilledoutavita.Whenshefinishedtheresume,shegaveittothesecretary.

　　3.Tomansweredquickly.Butafterhethoughtaboutthemattermorecarefully,heregrettedhavingmadesuchahastydecision.

（2）根据反义关系猜测词义

　　1.Shehasaloveofrotework,butnofondnessforcreativejobs.Rotemeans______.

　　a.creative

　　b.mechanical

　　c.fondness

　　2.Itisbettertobereflectiveaboutproblemsthantobethoughtless.Reflectivemeans_______.

　　a.thoughtful

　　b.uncaring

　　c.problem

　　3.Today’steenagersseemtobemoreliberalintheirideasthantheirconservativegrandparents.Conservativemeans________.

　　a.free-thinking

　　b.traditional

　　c.old

　　（3）根据整个句子的意思猜测词义

　　1.Shelovesmusic:

shecanplaytheguitar,thepianoandthecello.

　　2.Hewalkedintothesitting-roomandsatdownonthesettee.

　　3.Look!

There’sabigflyonthewindow.

　　（4）根据段落或篇章的上下文来猜测词义

　　Zipwasstoppedduringthewarandonlyafterthewardiditbecomepopular.Whatadifferenceithasmadetoourlives?

Itkeepspeopleathomemuchmore.Ithasmadetheremotepartsoftheworldmorerealtous.Photographsshowacountry,butonlyzipmakesusfeelthataforeigncountryisreal.Alsowecanseescenesinthestreet,bigoccasionsarezipped,suchasthecoronation（加冕典礼）in1953andtheOpeningofParliament.Perhapsthesufferersfromziparethenotablepeople，who，astheystepoutofanareoplane，havetofacethebatteryofzipcamerasandknowthateverymovement，everygesturewillbeseenbymillionsofpeople.Politiciansnotonlyhavetospeakwell，theynowhavetohavewhatiscalleda“zippersonality”.PerhapswecansympathizewhenMembersofParliamentsaythattheydonotwantdebatestobezipped.

　　Zipmeans

　　a.cinema.

　　b.photography.

　　c.television.

　　d.telephone.

　　2）Understandingawordfromitsform

（1）根据前缀来猜测和推测词义：

　　Readthefollowingsentences，andguessthemeaningoftheitalicizedwords.

　　1.Aneducationenrichesthemind.

　　2.Hedidnotwritehiscompositionwellandtheteachertoldhimtorewriteit.

　　3.Mr.Smithunlockedthesafeandtookoutfivethousanddollars.

　　4.Hehadbeenoverworkingandfellsickatlast.

　　5.Wedisapproveofmiddle-schoolstudentssmokingcigarettes.

　　6.Atmidnight,severalhoursaftertheshiphadlefttheport,sheranintobadweather.

　　7.Thecountryisunderdevelopedandthelivingstandardofthepeopleisratherlow.

　　8.Itisimpolitetoturnyourbackonsomeonewhoisspeakingtoyou.

　　9.Thoseoldpeopleareveryactiveinanti-pollutionactivities.

　　10.Don’tlethisfriendlywordsmisleadyouintobelievinghim.

（2）根据后缀来猜测和推测词义：

Readthefollowingsentences,andguessthemeaningoftheitalicizedwords.

　　1.Youmuststopdreamingandfacereality.

　　2.Travelbroadensthemind.

　　3.Myworkisstillintheexperimentalstage.

　　4.Hedidtoolittlepreparationforhisexamination.

　　5.Thelineofwaitingpeopleseemedtobeendless.

　　6.Iwasverymuchimpressedbythefriendlinessofthepeoplethere.

　　7.Thecountryistryingtopopularizeeducation.

　　8.Ourtroopswonadecisivevictoryinthatbattle.

　　9.Theywereveryfriendlyandevenofferedassistance.

　　10.Themagazineiscalled‘EnglishLanguageLearning’andispublishedmonthly.

　　3）Compoundwords

Identifyandunderlinethecompoundnounsinthesesentences.（Notallthesentenceshavecompoundnounsinthemandsomehavemorethanone.）

　　1.Weboughtatownplanatthecornershop.

　　2.I’dlikeareturntickettoLondon,please.

　　3.Doyouwanttogotothesportscenterthisevening?

There’sagoodtennismatchon.

　　4.Hewaswearingabrowncoatandapairofjeans.

　　5.Wedecidedtomeetinthehotelbar.

　　6.Therewasasmallgasfireinthecornerofthetown.

　　7.There’salovelylittlefruitmarketonWednesdays.It’sverycheapandthefruitisreallynice.

　　8.Hewalkedin,satdown,andstartedreadingamagazine.

　　9.Itookthefilmtoaphotoshop,buttheshopassistantsaiditwastoooldtodevelop.

　　10.Pleasedonotmakecopiesforpersonalusewiththismachine.Itisforofficeuseonly.

　　2.Predicting

　　例1：

Imagineyouaregoingtoreadanarticlewiththetitle“SomeRulesforLivingLonger”.Tryandthinksixpointsthearticlewillmake.

　　例2：

高一下学期必修3M3P23TheViolenceofNature

　　Lookatthepicturesofthereadingtextandguesswhatthetextisabout.

　　例3：

高二下学期顺序选修8M1P11WelcometotheSouthPoles！

　　Lookatthetitleofthepassage.Writedownaquestionwhichyouhopethewriterwillanswer.

　　3.Understandingthereferencewords

　　Mrs.SmithvisitedParislastweek.Theylikedthecityverymuch.

　　Amythsuggeststhatboththepoorandthewealthyarecriminals,oratleastpotentiallawbreakers,

　　becausethepoorarepressedtocrimebytheirpoverty,andbecausethelattercouldhardlyhavegainedtheirpossessionswithhonestyandconstructivework.Thefictionalso...

　　Exercise:

Readthefollowingsentencesandfindoutwhattheitalicwordsrefertointhepassage.

　　Writethemeaningoftheitalicwordsonthelinebesidethesentence.

　　1）...becausethepoorarepressedtocrimebytheirpoverty...____________

　　2）...andbecausethelattercouldhardlyhavegainedtheirpossessions..._________________________

　　3）Thefictionalso..._____________

　　4.Skimming

　　略读的三种模式：

　　1）通读文章的起始段（openingparagraph）和结尾段（endingparagraph）。

　　2）细读段落主题句（topicsentence）或副标题（subheading）。

　　3）浏览一些与主题句相关的信息词（keywords）等等。

　　5.Scanning

　　例1:

高一下学期必修3M1P2GreatEuropeanCities

　　6.Lookingfordetailedinformation

　　1）先读题，了解题旨，做到对所寻读的具体细节心中有数

Smoking

　　HowmanypacketsofcigarettesaresmokedeachdaybyChinese？

　　2）用目光扫寻全文，快速寻读到一个数字

　　3）当找到这个带数字的句子，看是不是所要回答的问题的答案。

如果是，可以把答案写下来，这个寻读的任务就完成了。

如果不是，那么就要继续快速搜寻、查阅，直到找到答案为止。

　　opinionsandattitudes

高二下学期顺序选修8M3P30-31ForeignFood

　　Exercise3:

Choosethebestsummaries.

　　1）Thewriterofpassage1____.

　　a.doesn’tlikeChinesefood

　　b.hasn’tgotusedtomostChinesefoodyet

　　c.LikesmostChinesefood

　　2）Thewriterofpassage2_____.

　　a.doesn’tlikeBritishfood

　　b.doesn’tlikethewayBritishfoodispreparedandserved

　　c.doesn’tlikethewayBritisheat

　　onthecontentofreading

高二下学期顺序选修8M3P30ForeignFood

　　Nowreadpassage1and2andsaywhethertheyarehumoroussketchesorseriousessays.