六英语六级真题及听力解析文档格式.docx

六英语六级真题及听力解析文档格式.docx

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Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwiseapersonbytheirappearance.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayexplainingwhyitisunwisetojumptoconclusionsuponseeingorhearingsomething.Youcangiveexamplestoillustrateyourpoint.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartⅡListeningComprehension（30minutes）

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

　　Forinvestorswhodesirelowriskandguaranteedincome,.Governmentbondsareasecureinvestmentbecausethesebondshavethefinancialbackingandfullfaithandcreditofthefederalbonds,alsosecure,areofferedbylocalgovernmentsandoftenhave____36______suchastax-freemayevenbebondsareabitmorerisky.

　　Twoquestionsoften_____38_____first-timeCorporatebondfirstis”IfIpurchaseaCorporatebond,doIhavetoholdituntilthematuritydate”Theanswerisareboughtandsolddailyon____39_____securities,ifyourbonddoesnothave____40_____thatmakeitattractivetootherinvestors,youmaybeforcedtosellyourbondat.,apricelessthanthebond’sfacevalue.Butifyourbondishighlyvaluedbyotherinvestors,youmaybeabletosellitatapremium,.,apriceaboveitsfacevalue.Bondpricesgcncrally____42____inversely（相反地）withcurrentmarketinterestrates.Asinterestratesgoup,bondpnccstall,andviceversa（反之亦然）.Thus,likeallinvestments，bondshaveadegreeofrisk.

　　Thesecondquestionis“HowcanI___43_______theinvestmentriskofaparticularbondissue”Standard&

Poor’sandMoody’sInvestorsServiceratethelevelofriskofmanycorporateandgovernmentbonds.And____44______,thehigherthemarketriskofabond，thehighertheinterestrate.Investorswillinvestinabondconsideredriskyonlyifthe_____45_____returnishighenough.

A）advantages　　I）fluctuate

B）B）assess　　J）indefinite

C）bother　　K）insured

D）conserved　　L）major

E）deduction　　M）naturally

F）discount　　N）potential

G）embarrass　　0）simultaneously

H）features

lessonsfromaFeministParadise

[A]Onthesurface,SwedenappearstobeafeministatanyglobalsurveyofgenderequalityandSwedenwillbenearthepoliciesareitsnorm-with16monthsofpaidparentalleave,specialprotectionsforpart-timeworkers,andstate-subsidizedpreschoolswhere,accordingtoagovernmentwebsite,"

gender-awarenesseducationisincreasinglycommon."

duetoanunefficialquotasystem,womenhold45percentofpositionsintheswedishhaveenjoyedtheprotectionofgovernmentagencieswithtitlesliketheMinistryofIntegrationandGenderEqualityandtheSecretariatofGenderwhyareAmericanwomensofaraheadoftheirSwedishcounterpartsinbreakingthroughtheglassceiling

[B]ina2012report,theWorldEconomicForumfoundthatwhenitcomestoclosingthegendergapin"

economicparticipationandopportunity,"

theUnitedStatesisaheadofnotonlySwedenbutalsoFinland,Denmark,theNetherlands,Iceland,Germany,andtheUnited'

srankinthereportcanlargelybeexplainedbyitspoliticalquotatheUnitedStateshasfewerwomenintheworkforce（68percentcomparedtoSweden'

s77percent）.Americanwomenwhochoosetobeemployedarefarmorelikelytoworkfull-timeandtoholdhigh-leveljobsasmanagersoralsoownmorebusinesses,launchmorestart-ups（新创办的企业）,andmoreoftenworkintraditionallymaleforbreakingthroughtheglassceilinginbusiness,Americanwomenarewellinthelead.

[C]whatexplainstheAmericanadvantageHowcanitbethatsocietieslikeSweden,wheregenderequalityisvigorouslypursuedandengorced,havefewerfemalemanagers,executives,professionals,andbusinessownersthanehlaissez-faire（自由放任的）unitedstatesAnewstudybyclrnelleconomistsFrancineBlauandLawrenceKahngivesanexplanation.

[D]Generousparentalleavepoliciesandreadilyavailablepart-timeoptionshaveunintendedconsequences:

insteadofstrengtheningwomen'

sattachmenttotheworkplace,theyappeartoweakenadditiontoa16-monthleave,aswedishparenthastherighttoworksixhoursaday（forareducedsalary）untilhisorherchildiseightyearsarefarmorelikelythanfatherstotakeadvantageofthislaw,Butextendedleavesandpart-timeemploymentareknowntobeharmfultocareers—forbothgenders.Andwithwomenasecondfactorcomesintoplay:

mostseemtoenjoytheflexible-timearrangement（onceknownasthe“mommytrack”）andneverfindtheirwaybacktofull-timeorhigh-levelsum:

generousfamily-friendlypoliciesdokeepmorewomeninthelabormarket,buttheyalsotendtodiminishtheircareers.

[E]AccordingtoBlauandKahn,Swedish-stylepaternal（父亲的）leavepoliciesandflexibletimearrangementsposeasecondthreattowoman’sprogress:

theymakeemployerscautiousabouthiringwomanforfull-timepositionsatajobtoamanisthesaferisfarlesslikelytotakeayearofparentalleaveandthenreturnonareducedworkscheduleforthenexteightyears.

[F]Ibecameawareofthetrialofcareer-focusedEuropeanwomanafewyearsagowhenImetapost-doctoralstudentfromGermanywhowasthenavisitingfellowatJohnsHopkins.ShewasastonishedbytheprofessionalpossibilitiesaffordedtoyoungAmericanwoman.HerbesthopeinGermanywasagovernmentjob—prospectsforwomanintheprivatesectorweredim.”InGermany“shetoldme,”wehaveallthebenefits,”butemployersdon’t’wantohireus.”

[G]SwedisheconomistsMagnusHenreksonandMikaelStenkulaaddressedthefollowingquestionintheir2009study:

whyaretheresofewfemaletopexecutivesintheEuropeanegalitarian（平等主义的）welfarestatesTheiranswer:

”Broad-basedwelfare-statepolicieshinderwomen’srepresentationinelitecompetitivepositions.”

[H]ItistemptingtodeclaretheSwedishpoliciesregressive（退步的）andhailtheAmericansystemasthatwouldbeSwedescancertainlytakealessonfromtheUnitedStatesandlookforwaystoclearapathfortheirambitiousfemalecareerists.ButmostwomanarenotcommittedthePewResearchCenterrecentlyaskedAmericanparentstoidentifytheir”ideal”lifearrangement,47percentofmotherssaidtheywouldprefertoworkpark-timeand20percentsaidtheywouldprefernottoworkatanswereddifferently:

75percentpreferredfull-timeversionoftheSwedishsystemmightworkwellforamajorityofAmericanparents,buttheUnitedStatesisunlikelytofullyembracetheSwedishmodel.Still,wecanlearnfromtheirexperience.

[I]Despiteitsfailuretoshattertheglassceiling,Swedenhasoneofthemostpowerfulandinnovativeeconomiesintheits2011-2012survey,theWorldEconomicForumrankedSwedenasthe“rockstaroftherecovery”intheWashingtonPost,alsoleadstheworldinlifesatisfactionandhappiness.Itisasocietywellworthstudying,anditseffortstoconquerthegendergapimpartavitallesson—thoughnotthelessontheSwedeshadinmind。

[J]Swedenhasgonefartherthananyothernationonearthtointegratethesexesandtoofferwomenthesameopportunitiesandfreedomsasdecades,thesedescendantsoftheVikingshavebeentryingtoshowtheworldthattherightmixofenlightenedraising,andnon-sexistchildrearingwouldclosethegenderdivideonceandforthedividepersists.

[K]A2012pressreleasefromStatisticsSwedenbearsthetitle“GenderEqualityinSwedenTreading（踩）Water”andnotes:

[L]Confrontedwithsuchfacts,someSwedishactivistsandlegislatorsaredemandingmoreextremeandfar-reachingmeasures,suchasreplacingmaleandfemalepronounswithaneutralalternativeandmonitoringchildrenmorecloselytocorrectthemwhentheygravitate（被吸引）towardgenderedplay.Whenitcametolightlastyearthatmothers,farmorethanfathers,chosetostayhomefromworktocarefortheirsickkids.UlfKristersson.ministerofsocialsecurity,quicklycommissionedastudytodeterminethecausesofandpossiblecuresforthisdisturbingstaleofaffairs.

[M]Swedishfamilypolicies,byaccommodatingwomen'

spreferenceseffectively,arereducingthenumberofwomeninelitecompetitivepositions.TheSwedeswillfindthisparadoxicalandtrytofindsolutions.Letushopethesedonotincludebanninggenderpronouns,policingchildren′splay,implementingmoregenderquotas,ortreatingwomen′sspecialattachmenttohomeandfamilyasasocialinjustice.Mostmothersdonotaspireto（向往）elite,competitivefull-timepositions:

theSwedishpolicieshavegiventhemthefreedomandopportunitytolivethelivestheyprefer.AmericansshouldlookpastthegenderrhetoricandconsiderwhattheseScandina-vianshaveachieved.Ontheirwaytocreatingafeministparadise,theSwedeshaveuninten-tionallycreatedahaven（避风港）fornormalmortals.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

hasdonemorethanothernationstoclosethegendergap.butitconimucs10exist.

isoneofthemostcompetitiveeconomicslifesatisfaction.

48.MoreAmericanwomenholdelitejobpositionsinbusinessthanSwedishwomen.

49.Swedishfamily-friendlypoliciestendtoexertanegativeinfluenceonwomen′scareers.

quotasysteminSwedenensureswomen′sbetterrepresentationingovernment.

theSwedishmodelappearsworkableformostAmericanparents,itmaynotbeacceptedbytheminitsentirety.

womenareallowedthefreedomandopportunitytochoosetheirownwayoflife.

employersarehesitantabouthiringwomenforfull-timepositionsbecauseofthefamily-friendlypolicies.

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