中三语法考点整合Word格式.docx
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tenminutes’walk,twohours’drive,intwodays=intwodays’time,
afriendofmymother’s=oneofmymother’sfriends,
Jim’sandLiLei’smothers（各自的）JimandLilei’sclassroom（共有的）
5.appletrees,tomatonoodles,an8-year-oldgirl,70-yearhistory,
threewomenteacherstwomendoctors,fourgirlstudents.
二．冠词a/an—基本意义“一”
the—①第二次出现②独一无二③最高级④序数词⑤乐器⑥专有名词
三．代词
1.人称代词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey（动词前）
宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem（动词或介词后）
2.物主代词形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir（后必有名词）
名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs（后无名词）
3.反身代词enjoy/hurt/buy/help/teach/learnby/allbyoneself/leaveonebyoneself
4.不定代词both+复数=bothof+复数，both…and…,放be后，行为动词前，both=either,neither+单数/neitherof+复数+单数动词，neither…nor…（就近原则）
either+单数/eitherof+复数+单数动词，either…or…（就近原则）
all+复数/allof+复数，all放be之后，行为动词前。
noneof+复数
something/anything/nothing/everything+adj.
5．疑问代词/不定代词+else
—whoelse?
whatelse?
anythingelse?
somewhereelse.
四．形容词、副词
1．形容词….“…的”，副词…“…地”
2．形容词+ly→副词
3．连系动词+形容词，行为动词+副词
连系动词—1be,2ee（feel,keep,seem）,3“变”（get,turn,become）,
4“起来”（look，sound，smell,taste）.
4．比较等级：
原级—出现一者，或as…as,very,quite,too,so..+原级
比较级—出现两者，或有than的标志。
比较级+and+比较级.
the+比较级，the+比较级
最高级—出现三者或三者以上，in/of…（the+最高级），序数词+最高级
early-earlier-earliest,clever-cleverer-cleverest,
tired-moretired-mosttired,fat-fatter-fattest,
big-bigger-biggest,heavy-heavier-heaviest,
happy-happier-happiest,many/much-more-most,
little-less-least,bad/badly/ill-worse-worst,
far-farther/further-farthest/furthest.
五．数词：
基数词表数量多少，序数词表顺序。
基数词变序数词的口诀：
1、2、3，要牢记，（one-first,two-second,three-third）
-th,从4起，（four-fourth,six-sixth,seven-seventh,ten-tenth）
8+h,9去e,（eight-eighth,nine-ninth）
-ve变f,（five-fifth,twelve-twelfth）
-ty变成-tie（twenty-twentieth,thirty-thirtieth）
注意：
the+序数词
六．连词：
1.and/but/or/so
Ihavenopensandnopencils.=Idon’thavepensorpencils.
Hurryup!
Or（否则）we’llbelateforthemeeting.
2.if是否（用正常时态）Idon’tknowifhe’llcome.Ifhecomes,I’llcallyou.
if如果（用一般现在时表将来）
unless=if…not（用一般现在时表将来）
3．when,before,after,until,assoonas…（用一般现在时表将来）
4.when+各种动词和时态
While+延续性动词的进行时态
5.not+非延续性动词+until
七．介词
1.above—below（表界限）abovezero,belowthesealevel,
2.on/over/above—under（表位置）（over正上方）（above斜上方）
3.except（不包括）—besides（包括）
4.between（两者之间）--among（三者及以上之中）
5.with（具有）--without（没有），withthehelpofsb,withoutone’shelp.
6.with（+工具）—in（+语言、声音、方式），withapen,inalow/loudvoice,inEnglish
7.in（在内部）/on（接壤）/to（外部，不相连）+theeast/west/south/northofBeijing
inthetree--onthetree,inthewall—onthewall,inthebook/newspaper/photo.
8.since+过去时间，for+一段时间for5years=since5yearsago,since2006
9.across（表面穿过）---through（内部穿过）
10.in+（大时间，年月）/on+（具体的一天活有修饰词的morning/afternoon/evening/night）/
at+钟点、时刻,at8:
00,atnoon,atnight,inthemorning/afternoon/evening,
onarainyday,onSunday,ontheafternoonofJune1st.
11.insomeways,inFrench,infact,ingeneral,incommon,
inthisway,inaloudvoice,dowellin,dobadlyin=beweakin,
bebusy（in）doing,havetrouble（in）doing,spend…（in）doing,not…intheslightest,
12.atthistime,atpresent,atthemoment,atonce=inaminute=rightnow,
atfirst,atnight,atnoon,lookataimat,
pointat,laughat,shoutat,attheageof,begoodat,
atagoodprice,getmadwith,besurprisedat,
13.onvacation,onbusiness,ontheleft/right,dependon,decideon,
workon,put…on…,try…on…,spend…on…=pay…for…,
14.agreewith,bebusywith,beangrywith,beannoyedwith,bepleasedwith,
bestrictwith,comeupwith,helpwith,arguewith,cover…with,
becoveredwith,fill…with,befilledwith=befullof,beginwith,=startwith,
getonwellwith=getalongwellwith=begoodwith,endwith,talkwith,
providesbwithsth=providesthforsb,makefriendswith,
15.bedifferentfrom,befarfrom,beawayfrom,stayawayfrom,comefrom,
hearfromsb=receive/get/havealetterfromsb,get…from…,from…to…,
stop…（from）doing=prevent…from….,borrow…from…,
16.askfor,lookfor,befamousfor,begoodfor,bebadfor.
pay…for=spend…on…,belatefor,besuitablefor,befitfor,
thanksfor…,sendfor,have…forbreakfast,for5dollars,
asfor,waitfor,beusedfordoing…,
17.beworriedabout=worryabout,careabout,beseriousabout,beexcitedabout,
complainabout,thinkabout=thinkof,dreamabout=dreamof,hearabout=hearof,
18.beafraidof=beterrifiedof,besureof,becarefulof.befullof,
runoutof,getoutof,lookoutof,takecareof,remindof,
19.prefer…to…,holdonto,besimilarto=takeafter,lookforwardtodoing,
accordingto,get/beusedtodoing,usedtodo,besupposedtodo,
beallowedtodo,bewillingtodo,beusedtodo=beusedfordoing,
20.lookat,lookfor,lookafter=takecareof,lookthrough,lookupto,lookinto,lookoutof,lookdifferent,lookthesame,looklike…,lookup…inthedictionary,
动副结构短语（宾格代词放中间）
21.handout,giveout,helpout,workout,thinkout,
findout,takeout,putout,keepout,
22.cleanup,giveup,lookup,setup,cheerup,turnup
pickup,callup,fixup,openup,shutup,,
23.writedown,getdown,takedown,sitdown,letdown,falldown
24.puton,tryon,turnon,goon,workon,
putoff,turnoff,takeoff,gooffgetoff
25.giveaway=giveout=donate,takeaway,moveaway,washaway,
runaway,putaway,goaway,beaway（from）,
八．动词
（一）。
动词种类：
1．连系动词+形容词—1be,2ee（feel,seem）,3“变”（turn,get,become）,
4“起来”（look，sound，smell,taste）
2.行为动词：
3.助动词：
do/does/did/,have/has/had（用于完成时）
4.情态动词：
can/may/must/could/would/should/will/shall/might+动词原形
may的否定回答用mustn’t，must的否定回答用needn’t或don’t/doesn’t/didn’thaveto,must表推测（一定），can’t（不可能），can/may/could/might（可能）
5．感官动词watch,see,hear,listen,notice,findsbdo/doingsth,
使役动词let,make,havesbdosth.（主动语态省略to，被动语态要补充出to）
6.瞬间动词：
borrow，buy,die,join,leave,come,go,arrive,getto,begin,（不与一段时间since/for连用）
延续动词：
keep,have,bedead,bein,beaway,bein,beon（与一段时间连用，since,for）
（二）。
初中英语不规则动词表
Ⅰ.A-A-Ahit-hit-hit,cut-cut-cut,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,
put-put-put,hurt-hurt-hurt,read-read-read,
Ⅱ.A-B-Acome-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,
Ⅲ.A-B-B
bring-brought-brought,buy-bought-bought,think-thought-thought,
catch-caught-caught,teach-taught-taught,build-built-built,
leave-left-left,lend-lent-lent,send-sent-sent,
spend-spent-spent,lose-lost-lost,mean-meant-meant,
meet-met-met,smell-smelt-smelt,feel-felt-felt,
sit-sat-sat,learn-learnt-learnt,hear-heard-heard,
hold-held-held,make-made-made,tell-told-told,
sell-sold-sold,stand-stood-stood,understand-understood-understood,
flee-fled-fled,feed-fed-fed,find-found-found,
say-said-said,lead-led-led,have/has-had-had,
win-won-won,lay-laid-laid,
Ⅳ.尾音/n/
choose-chose-chosen,break-broke-broken,speak-spoke-spoken,
wake-woke-woken,show-showed-shown,take-took-taken,
mistake-mistook-mistaken,drive-drove-driven,know-knew-known,
grow-grew-grown,draw-drew-drawn,fly-flew-flown,
eat-ate-eaten,get-got-got/gotten,forget-forgot-forgotten,
fall-fell-fallen,wear-wore-worn,hide-hid-hidden,
ride-rode-ridden,give-gave-given,steal-stole-stolen,
write-wrote-written,sleep-slept-slept,keep-kept-kept,
sweep-swept-swept,lie-lay-lain,
Ⅴ.i-a-u结构
ring-rang-rung,sing-sang-sung,swim-swam-swum,
begin-began-begun,drink-drank-drunk,sink-sank-sunk,
ⅥA-B-C无规律
go-went-gone,am/is-was-been,are-were-been,
do-did-done,can-could,may-might,
will-would,shall-should,must-must,
（三）。
动词的谓语形式：
时态和语态
1.现在进行时：
（1）定义：
表示现在正在进行的动作。
（2）标志：
Look！
Listen!
now=atthemoment,It’s6:
00o’clock.
（3）动词形式：
am/is/are+V-ingIt’s7o’clock.Wearehavingdinner.
2.过去进行时：
表示过去正在进行的动作。
①when+过去式②过去的钟点或时刻，atthistimeyesterday
③While…..HewaswatchingTVat6:
30yesterdayevening.
was/were+V-ing
Wearehavingdinneratthistimeyesterday/whenhecameback.
3.一般现在时：
表示经常发生的动作。
always,often,usually,sometimes,hardlyever,never,every
V原/V-s/es.
Heusuallygetsupat6inthemorningandgoestowork.Ihardlyeverexercise.
4.一般过去时：
表示过去发生的动作。
yesterday,last….,….ago,after+一段时间=一段时间+later,thenext….,
过去式Hebecameadriverthenextyear.
5.一般将来时：
表示将来发生的动作。
tomorrow,next….,in+（一段时间），soon，inthefuture，
①will+动词原形②am/is/aregoingto+V-ing③am/is/are+V-ing
There__________asoccermatchtomorrowevening/intwodays.
A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.isgoingtobeD.ar
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