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171.

Oneoftheprimarydistinctionsbetweenourintelligencewiththatofotherprimatesmaylaynotsomuchinanyspecificskillbutinourabilitytoextendknowledgegainedinonecontexttonewanddifferentones.

A.betweenourintelligencewiththatofotherprimatesmaylaynotsomuchinanyspecificskillbut

B.betweenourintelligencewiththatofotherprimatesmaylienotsomuchinanyspecificskillbutinstead

C.betweenourintelligenceandthatofotherprimatesmaylienotsomuchinanyspecificskillas

D.ourintelligencehasfromthatofotherprimatesmaylienotinanyspecificskillas

E.ofourintelligencetothatofotherprimatesmaylaynotinanyspecificskillbut

Q3

73.（25075-!

-item-!

-188;

#058&

001412）

MostofWesternmusicsincetheRenaissancehasbeenbasedonaseven-notescaleknownasthediatonicscale,butwhendidthescaleoriginate?

AfragmentofabonefluteexcavatedataNeanderthalcampsitehasfourholes,whicharespacedinexactlytherightwayforplayingthethirdthroughsixthnotesofadiatonicscale.Theentireflutemustsurelyhavehadmoreholes,andtheflutewasmadefromabonethatwaslongenoughfortheseadditionalholestohaveallowedacompletediatonicscaletobeplayed.Therefore,theNeanderthalswhomadethefluteprobablyusedadiatonicmusicalscale.

Intheargumentgiven,thetwoportionsinboldfaceplaywhichofthefollowingroles?

A.Thefirstintroducesevidencetosupportthemainconclusionoftheargument;

thesecondisthemainconclusionstatedintheargument.

B.Thefirstintroducesevidencetosupportthemainconclusionoftheargument;

thesecondpresentsapositiontowhichtheargumentisopposed.

C.Thefirstdescribesadiscoveryasunderminingthepositionagainstwhichtheargumentasawholeisdirected;

thesecondstatesthemainconclusionoftheargument.

D.Thefirstintroducesthephenomenonthattheargumentasawholeseekstoexplain;

E.Thefirstintroducesthephenomenonthattheargumentasawholeseekstoexplain;

thesecondgivesareasontoruleoutonepossibleexplanation.

Q4

172

IntroducedbyItalianmerchantsresidentinLondonduringthesixteenthcentury,inEnglandlifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typicallybeingshipowners,overseasmerchants,orprofessionalmoneylenders.

A.inEnglandlifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typicallybeing

B.inEnglandlifeinsurancehadremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwriterswiththeirclients,whotypicallywere

C.untiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturylifeinsuranceinEnglandhadremainedaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typically

D.lifeinsuranceinEnglandremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwritersandtheirclients,typically

E.lifeinsuranceremaineduntiltheendoftheseventeenthcenturyinEnglandaspecializedcontractbetweenindividualunderwriterswiththeirclients,whotypicallywere

Essay#1.019

Duringthenineteenthcentury,occupationalinformationaboutwomenthatwasprovidedbytheUnitedStatescensus--apopulationcountconductedeachdecade--becamemoredetailedandpreciseinresponsetosocialchanges.Through1840,simpleenumerationbyhouseholdmirroredahome-basedagriculturaleconomyandhierarchicalsocialorder:

theheadofthehousehold（presumedmaleorabsent）wasspecifiedbyname,whereasotherhouseholdmemberswereonlyindicatedbythetotalnumberofpersonscountedinvariouscategories,includingoccupationalcategories.Likefarms,mostenterpriseswerefamily-run,sothatthecensusmeasuredeconomicactivityasanattributeoftheentirehousehold,ratherthanofindividuals.

The1850census,partlyrespondingtoantislaveryandwomen'

srightsmovements,initiatedthecollectionofspecificinformationabouteachindividualinahousehold.Notuntil1870wasoccupationalinformationanalyzedbygender:

thecensussuperintendentreported1.8millionwomenemployedoutsidethehomein"

gainfulandreputableoccupations."

Inaddition,hearbitrarilyattributedtoeachfamilyonewoman"

keepinghouse."

Overlapbetweenthetwogroupswasnotcalculateduntil1890,whentherapidentryofwomenintothepaidlaborforceandsocialissuesarisingfromindustrializationwerecausingwomen'

sadvocatesandwomenstatisticianstopressformorethoroughandaccurateaccountingofwomen'

soccupationsandwages.

Q5

Question#1.019-01

Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto

（A）explainandcritiquethemethodsusedbyearlystatisticians

（B）compareandcontrastahistoricalsituationwithacurrent-dayone

（C）describeandexplainahistoricalchange

（D）discusshistoricaloppositiontoanestablishedinstitution

（E）tracetheoriginofacontemporarycontroversy

Q6

Question#2.019-02

Eachofthefollowingaspectsofnineteenth-centuryUnitedStatescensusesismentionedinthepassageEXCEPTthe

（A）yearinwhichdataonoccupationsbegantobeanalyzedbygender

（B）yearinwhichspecificinformationbegantobecollectedonindividualsinadditiontotheheadofthehousehold

（C）yearinwhichoverlapbetweenwomenemployedoutsidethehomeandwomenkeepinghousewasfirstcalculated

（D）wayinwhichthe1890censusmeasuredwomen'

sincomelevelsandeducationalbackgrounds

（E）wayinwhichhouseholdmemberswerecountedinthe1840census

Q7

Question#3.019-04

Thepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutthe"

women'

sadvocatesandwomenstatisticians"

mentionedinthehighlightedtext?

（A）Theywantedtocallattentiontothelackofpayforwomenwhoworkedinthehome.

（B）TheybelievedthatpreviouscensusinformationwasinadequateanddidnotreflectcertaineconomicchangesintheUnitedStates.

（C）Theyhadbeguntopressforchangesincensus-takingmethodsaspartoftheirparticipationintheantislaverymovement.

（D）Theythoughtthatcensusstatisticsaboutwomenwouldbemoreaccurateifmorewomenwereemployedascensusofficials.

（E）TheyhadconductedindependentstudiesthatdisputedtheofficialstatisticsprovidedbypreviousUnitedStatescensuses.

Q8

74.（29534-!

004138）

Inacertainwildlifepark,parkrangersareabletotrackthemovementsofmanyrhinocerosesbecausethoseanimalswearradiocollars.When,asoftenhappens,acollarslipsoff,itisputbackon.Puttingacollaronarhinocerosinvolvesimmobilizingtheanimalbyshootingitwithatranquilizerdart.Femalerhinocerosesthathavebeenfrequentlyrecollaredhavesignificantlylowerfertilityratesthanuncollaredfemales.Probably,therefore,somesubstanceinthetranquilizerinhibitsfertility.

Inevaluatingtheargument,itwouldbemostusefultodeterminewhichofthefollowing?

A.Whethertherearemorecollaredfemalerhinocerosesthanuncollaredfemalerhinocerosesinthepark

B.Howthetranquilizerthatisusedforimmobilizingrhinocerosesdiffers,ifatall,fromtranquilizersusedinworkingwithotherlargemammals

C.Howoftenparkrangersneedtousetranquilizerdartstoimmobilizerhinocerosesforreasonsotherthanattachingradiocollars

D.Whethermalerhinocerosesinthewildlifeparklosetheircollarsanymoreoftenthanthepark’sfemalerhinocerosesdo

E.Whetherradiocollarsaretheonlypracticalmeansthatparkrangershavefortrackingthemovementsofrhinocerosesinthepark

Q9

75.（33198-!

007254）

Intheyearfollowinganeight-centincreaseinthefederaltaxonapackofcigarettes,salesofcigarettesfelltenpercent.Incontrast,intheyearpriortothetaxincrease,saleshadfallenonepercent.Thevolumeofcigarettesalesisthereforestronglyrelatedtotheafter-taxpriceofapackofcigarettes.

Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmoststrengthentheargumentabove?

A.Duringthesecondyearafterthetaxincrease,cigarettesalesincreasedbyasignificantamount.

B.Theinformationavailabletoconsumersonthehealthrisksofsmokingremainedlargelyunchangedintheperiodbeforeandafterthetaxincrease.

C.Mostconsumerswereunawarethatthetaxoncigaretteswasgoingtoincrease.

D.Duringtheyearfollowingthecigarettetaxincrease,manyconsumershadlessincome,ininflation-adjusteddollars,thantheyhadhadinthepreviousyear.

E.Duringtheyearafterthetaxincrease,therewasagreatervarietyofcigarettesonthemarketthantherehadbeenduringthepreviousyear.

Essay#2.066

Thegeneraldensitydependencemodelcanbeappliedtoexplainthefoundingofspecialistfirms（thoseattemptingtoserveanarrowtar