中考英语阅读必备文档格式.docx
《中考英语阅读必备文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《中考英语阅读必备文档格式.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![中考英语阅读必备文档格式.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-2/2/f84ef8b0-6b87-4e35-93ec-2b2ee1a38bbf/f84ef8b0-6b87-4e35-93ec-2b2ee1a38bbf1.gif)
3.Fromthepassage/paragraphwecanlearnthat...
4.Thebesttitleforthispassageis...
5.Thewriterwanttotellusthat....
6.Thepassage/paragraphismainlyabout...
7.Themainpurposeisto....
二、解题方法:
干扰选项的特点:
伤心绝对:
常见表否定的词有:
never,not,useless,hardly,seldom,little,few,no,none,nobody,nothing等;
表绝对肯定的词有:
all,must,always,最高级。
片面武断:
把文中某段的观点或者细节作为选项。
无中生有:
文章中有提到选项中的某个词,但是没有文中没有阐述选项中的观点。
如:
正确选项的特点:
具有一定的总结性,看上去有点深奥,另外文章的标题正确选项常会在文章中多次提及,而错误选项只会在某段出现。
阅读重点:
阅读时注意文章的首段和尾段,以及各段的首句所包含的信息。
细节判断题
细节判断题:
细节判断题是中考考察重点,至少占80%的题量,主要考察学生对文章某些细节的把握,或以原文出现,或对文中细节进行同义或近意修改。
做题步骤:
一“定”,定题干和选项中的关键词,主要是实词,包括名词、动词和形容词。
二“比”,比较选项中的不同点,并作出标记,注意选项中的否定词。
三“选”,读文章,根据关键词和选项的不同点进行正确选择,注意数字题,一般要求学生进行简单计算。
细节题考察主要包括一般细节题(when,why,how,what等)、正误判断(whichistrue/right/nottrue)以及(...except)题。
干扰选项的特点:
(1)“张冠李戴”,把A做的事按在B头上。
(2)“无中生有”,文中没提及,但容易让学生根据常识想当然。
(3)“答非所问”,文中有原文,但是不是问题所涉及的答案。
(4)“偷换概念”,与文中的细节相反或者把修改细节的某个点。
故做题时请注意一定要立足于文章,可适当结合常识,不要想当然,细心就能解决问题。
正误判断题考察一般涉及到整篇文章中的各种细节,所以先看选项作出关键词的标注尤为重要,读文章时看到关键词出现即做好记号,为最后做题做好准备,可避免需要重复看文章而浪费时间。
词义猜测题:
词义猜测题是考察学生对文中的某个词或句子意思的猜测,一般考察1-2题,主要是上下文的分析能力,其答案的线索通常在本句或前后1-2句中出现,需要学生自己分析,我们应该分析什么呢?
注意事项和解决方法如下:
一、代词的解决方法:
首先看清代词的单复数,如”it”,”they”等,代词指代的一定是前文出现过的人或事,是单数就看前文的单数名词,复数则看前文中的复数名词。
(2014连云港)Besides,everyholidayKatherinemakessomethingcalled“netgiftcertificate”withthehelpofherfriendsandbrothers.Oneachl0-dollarcertificatethereisamessage.ItexplainsthatabednetwouldbesenttoAfrica.Whenmorecertificateorderscome,Katherinegetshelpfromstudentsinherschool.
2.InParagraph4,“It”refersto“_______”.
A.a10-dollarnoteB.agiftcertificateC.anorganizationD.amessage
(2014滨州)Inthepast,childrenweretaughttheirparents’wishesandlookafterthemintheiroldage.
3.Intheforthparagraph,theunderlinedword“them”refersto(指的是)______.
A.modernparentsB.thefivefathersontheshow
C.theparentsinthepastD.thechildrenintheolddays
(2014广州)FirstIhadtogetthekidstosleep.Thatwasnevereasyatanytimeandtonightitwasevenmoredifficult.Theeldestonewantedtoknowwhyweleftthepartyearly.Itoldhim10:
30pmwasnotearly.Asusual,Ireadthemabedtimestory,butIhadtostopmyselfreadingtooquicklyortheywouldlearnmysecret.
2.Theunderlinedword“they”inParagraph3refersto__________.
A.thievesB.parentsC.childrenD.neighbours
二、形容词和副词的解决方法:
形容词和副词一般是描述人或物的性质,看清形容词或副词所形容的对象,所以重点放在前后句中主语发出的动作和行为,同时周边的形容词和副词也要注意。
如:
(2014河北)Childrendonothavemuchexperienceorknowledge.However,theyarenaturaldreamers.Weshouldnotlaughatthemforbeingnaive.Manygreatmenweredreamerswhentheywerechildren.OnesuchdreamerwasThomasEdison.Heusedtobeostracized(排斥)whenhewasinprimaryschool,buthisachievementsweregreaterthaneveryoneelse’sinhistime.
4.Theunderlinedword“naive”inthepassagemeans“______”inChinese.
A.逆反的B.幼稚的C.调皮的D.冲动的
(2014广州)Hereisacasethatshowsthebenefitsofanimals.Johnwasasix-year-oldmute.Hehadnophysicalproblems.Hejustrefusedtotalk.
2.Theunderlinedword“mute”inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“_______”.
A.apersonwhospeaksslowlyB.apersonwhodoesnotspeak
C.apersonwhocannothearD.apersonwhoenjoystalking
(2014泰安)Thewomaninthehouse,myfather’sdistantcousin,wasaterriblecookandherfoodwasinedible.
2.Theunderlinedword“inedible”isclosestinmeaningto“________”.
A.toobadforhimtoeatB.nicetolookatC.notenoughtoeatD.asdeliciousasusual
(2014泰安)HarishChaturvedi,alawyer,teachespeopleyogaforfree—eventhepoorpeoplecanlearnfromhim.
3.Theunderlinedphrase“forfree”inthepassagemeans________.
A.快乐地B.自由地C.免费地D.规律地
三、名词的解决方法:
首先注意文中的连词,and和or并列的词可以是意思想同的也可能是相对的,but,however一定是表示相对的。
关注前后句的名词和动词(短语).
(2014达州)
Recently,scientistshavestudiedthemigrationofakindoflobster(龙虾).Everyyear,whentheseasonofthebadweatherarrives,thelobstersgetintoalonglineandstarttowalkacrosstheflooroftheocean.
4.Theunderlinedwordmigrationinthepassagemeans________.
A.迁徙B.习性C.运动D.寻觅
(2014湖北咸宁)ABiteofChina2showsagreaterdream—throughhomemadefood,ittellsthejoysandsorrowsofcommonChineseinchangingtimes,accordingtodirectorChenXiaoqingofthedocumentaryseries.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sorrows”meaninChinese?
A.故事B.伤害C.快乐D.悲伤
(2014扬州)Inherdiary,Annewrotedownherthoughts,herfeelings,herhopesandherdreamsforthefuture,“Iwantthediarytobemyfriend,andI’mgoingtocallthisfriendKitty.”
2.Accordingtothepassage,“Kitty”is________.
A.herdiaryB.hereldersisterC.hermotherD.herhidingplace
(2014南京)Destructionoftheworld’srainforestsisaseriousproblem.Unluckily,rainforestsaredisappearingatarateof80acresperminute!
3.Theword“Destruction”inparagraph2probablymeans“theprocessofbeing______.”
A.destroyedB.developedC.describedD.discovered.
(2014兰州)Forexample,sunglassesarenotjustfashionbuttheycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightfromUVrays.
4.Whatdotheunderwords“UVrays”mean?
A.沙土B.闪电C.紫外线D.超声波
(2014长沙)NowJasonstillfacesmanyhardshipsinlife,buthewillmakeyoubelievethatyoucandowhathehasdone.
“Neverbeafraidofanydifficulty”,Jasonoftenencouragesothersinhisspeeches.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hardships”meaninthispassage?
A.成就B.贫穷C.困难
(2014滨州)Iranquicklytomyhousetocall119,andthenIrangmyneighbor’sdoorbell,knockedatthedoor,buttherewasnoresponse.
1.Theunderlinedword“response”canbereplaced(代替)by______.
A.resultB.answerC.questionD.key
(2014菏泽)Anybodycangrowolder.Thatdoesn’tneedanytalentorability.Togrowup,youmustalwaysfindtheopportunityinchange.
3.Theunderlinedword“talent”inthethirdparagraphmeans“________”inChinese.
A.训练B.方法C.途径D.才能
四、动词的解决方法:
考察动词意思时,首先要高清动作的发出者和承受着,然后主要通过前后句中的动词(短语)和名词来进行判断。
(2014扬州)Andypulledoutherphonetocontactherhusband,Jason,buthedidn’trespond.Sheknewthatifshedidn’tcarrythedogdownthemountain,hewoulddie.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“respond”,inParagraph4mean?
A.Pull.B.Contact.C.Speak.D.Answer.
(2014鄂州)Hewassosuccessfulthathisarmstartedtorecoveritsnormalcolor.Whenthegreyhaddisappearedcompletely,hestartedfeelinghappyagain,
2.Theunderlinedwordrecovermeans“_______”inChinese.
A.转变B.进化C.变异D.恢复
(2014北京)Teenswouldliketospendmoretimedoingthingswiththeirparents,butwatchingTVisnotcountedasspendingtimetogether.Asyourteensmature,itisimportantforyouandyourteensspendtimealonetogether,onetoone.
2.Theunderlinepart“countedas”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”.
A.comparedwithB.usedasC.connectedwithD.regardedas
(2014山西)Afterthevisitoriswelcomedintothehouse,heisofferedaseatandwaterattheverybeginning,becausethehostassumesthatthevisitormusthavecomefromaverylongjourneyandneedwater.
1.Theunderlinedword“assumes”hereprobablymeans“________”.
A.thinksB.remembersC.disagreesD.follows
(2014重庆)Inthisbook,shepointedoutthattheuseofsomekindsofpesticides(杀虫剂)likeDDTwouldcausethenumberofbirdstodeclinebecauseitwouldkillthemaswell.
3.TheChinesemeaningoftheword“decline”inthispassageisprobably“________”.
A.增加B.减少C.维持D.翻番
(2014河南)Asingleteacherwouldtypically(典型地)havestudentsinthefirstthrougheighthgrades,andshetaughtthemall.Thenumberofstudentsvariedfromsixto40ormore.Theyoungestchildrensatinthefront,whiletheoldeststudentssatintheback.Theteacherusuallytaughtreading,writing,arithmetic,history,andgeography.Studentsmemorized(记忆)andretoldtheirlessons.
1.Whatdoestheword“varied”intheParagraphTwomeaninChinese?
A.变化B.排列C.调整D.减少
推理判断题:
推理判断题是细节和主旨两种题型的一种综合体,难度最大,故考察量很小,常只考察一题,主要结合上述两种题型的特点和解决办法。
其特点和注意事项如下:
(主要包括infer推断,imply暗示,learnfrom了解到)
1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat...
2.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer(推断)________.
3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
4.Wecanlearnaboutfromthispassage...
5.Thepassageimpliesthat...
6.作者的态度和文章的出处
1.偷换概念:
选项中的观点与文中的相反。
2.无中生有:
文中有提及选项中的某个词,但观点却脱离文章,想当然。
3.过于细节:
文中能找到的原句不会是正确答案。
做此类题时先阅读选项定关键词和判断正误题一样重要,回原文定位时省时省力。
(附2015长沙中考卷阅读分析)
2015年长沙中考阅读分析
第一节
阅读理解阅读下列图表,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答或完成句子。
A
难度:
★
EnglishTeachersWanted
DearSir/Madam,
Ourschoolsetupin2012isahighschool.Nowthereisanurgent(迫切的)needforEnglishteachers.Wehaveposted(发布)ouradvertisementonourwebsite.Youcanvisit
http:
//www.wenhuaschool.comorcallAlexat845---6789formoreinformation.Ifyouareinterested,pleasesendyourresume(简历)tous,andwewillreplyassoonaspossible.
Youshould:
●
loveteaching
speakfluent(流利的)English
begoodatcomputerskills
havegoodcommunicationskills
41.Howcanyougetmoreinformationabouttheadvertisement?
A.ByvisitingthewebsiteofWenhuaschool.
B.BycallingMi