清远市届高三第一学期期末教学质量检测英语Word格式.docx
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每小题2分，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；
每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡
上将该选项涂黑。
A
Astrange,newdilemma（窘境）facesChinesepedestrians:
shouldyouhelpanelderlypersonwhohasfallenintothestreet？
theanswerseemssimple.It'
squitenaturalforyoutohelpsomeoneindanger.
ButmanyChinesearediscoveringthatsomeoftheseinjuredpeoplearescammers.Theyaccusethehelpersofhavingknockedthemoverinthefirstplaceinhopesofreceivinglargeamountsofcompensation.
therearefrequentreportsonsuchincidentswhichcauseheateddiscussions.OnSept.8,anewcasehappenedinHuainan,AnhuiProvince.
YuanChen,a20-year-oldcollegestudentfromHuainanNormalUniversity,claimedthatshehelpedaninjuredelderlywomanonthestreet.Butthewoman'
sfamilyhasdemandedthatYuantakefullresponsibilitiesfortheinjuries,theBeijingNewsreported.
Sincetheincidenthappenedinthesecuritycameras'
blindspot,bothsidesarelookingforwitnessestocleartheirnames.Thelocalpolicedepartmentisalsoinvestigating（调查）thecase.
Buthowcanyoupossiblysolveacaselikethis,wheretheonlyevidencecomesfromtwoconflictingviewpoints?
“Thiskindofcasesshouldfollowtheprincipleof'
theburdenofprooflieswiththepersonmakingtheclaim'
"
YeLin,alawprofessorfromRenminUniversityofChina,toldChinaCentralTelevision.
Theburdenofproofmeansthecollectionofprooforevidence.Incivilcases,"
ifyouaccusesomeoneofcausingyouharmorlosses,youshouldcollectconvincingprooftobackyourclaim,"
saidYe."
Ifyoucannotdothat,thelawwillnotbeabletosupportyourclaim."
thelawmaynotsolvealltheproblems,however.Someelderlypeoplechoosetoblackmail（敲诈）theirhelpersbecausetheydonothavehealthinsurance.Topreventthis,thecountryneedstoputinplaceabettersocialsecuritynet,ChinaYouthDailynoted.
1.Theunderlinedword“scammers"
inPara.3meanspeoplewho____
A.makemoneyinandishonestwayB.fallintothestreetfrequently
C.helpsomeoneindangerD.knockoverpedestrians
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheincidentisTRUE?
A.YuanChenignoredtheoldwoman.
B.YuanChenknockedovertheoldwoman.
C.Theoldwoman'
sfamilydemandedthatYuanshouldberesponsible.
D.YuanChenadmittedthatsheshouldberesponsible.
3.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.Honestyisthebestpolicy.B.Becarefulinthestreet.
C.Appreciateothers'
help.D.Tohelpornottohelp.
B
Onemorningafewyearsago,HarvardPresidentNeilRudenstineoverslept.Forthisbusyman,itwasasortofalarm:
afteryearsofnon-stophardwork,hemightwearhimselfoutanddieanearlydeath.
Onlyafteraweek'
sleave-duringwhichhereadnovels,listenedtomusicandwalkedwithhiswifeonabeach-wasRudenstineabletoreturntowork.
Inourmodernlife,wehavelosttherhythmbetweenactionandrest.Amazingly,withinthisworldthereisauniversalbutsillysaying:
"
Iamsobusy."
Wesaythistooneanotherasifourtirelesseffortswereatalentbynatureandanabilitytosuccessfullydealwithstress.Thebusierweare,themoreimportantweseemtoourselvesand,weimagine,toothers.Tobeunavailabletoourfriendsandfamily,andtobeunabletofindtimetorelax-thishasbecomethemodelofasuccessfullife.
Becausewedonotrest,weloseourway.Wemisstheguidetellinguswheretogo,thefoodprovidinguswithstrength,thequietgivinguswisdom.
Howhaveweallowedthistohappen?
Ibelieveitisthis:
wehaveforgottentheSabbath,thedayoftheweek-forfollowersofsomereligions-forrestandpraying.Itisadaywhenwearenotsupposedtowork,atimewhenweenjoyandcelebratewhatisbeautiful.Itisagoodtimetoblessourchildrenandlovedones,givethanks,sharemeals,walkandsleep.Itisatimeforustotakearest,toputourworkaside,trustingthattherearelargerforcesatworktakingcareoftheworld.
Restisaspiritualandbiologicalneed;
however,inourstrongambitiontobesuccessfulandcareforourmanyresponsibilities,wemayfeelterriblyguiltywhenwetaketimetorest.TheSabbathgivesuspermissiontostopwork.Infact,"
RemembertheSabbath"
ismorethansimplypermissiontorest;
itisaruletoobeyandaprincipletofollow.
4.Thispassageisprobablytakenfromamagazineof
A.travelB.healthC.entertainmentD.sports
5.TheSabbathisadaywhenwecandothefollowingthingsexcept
A.workinghardB.havingagoodrest
C.relaxingourselvesD.blessingourchildren
6.Accordingtothepassage,asuccessfulpersonisonewhoisbelievedtobe
A.verywealthyB.abletoworkbetterthanothers
C.busyworkingwithouttimetorestD.moreimportantthananyoneelse
7.Whichproverbbestdescribesthispassage?
A.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.B.Nopains,nogains.
C.Practicemakesperfect.D.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.
C
Weallhaveideasaboutwhatkindsoffoodsaregoodtoeat.Wealsohaveideasaboutwhatkindsoffoodsarebadtoeat.Asaresult,peoplefromonecultureoftenthinkthefoodsthatpeoplefromanothercultureeatarenauseating（令人作呕的）.WhenthefamousboxerMuhammadAlivisitedAfrica,forexample,onememberofhisgroupbecamequitesickwhenhesawsomeonepickupabutterflyandeatit.Manypeoplewouldfinditdisgustingtoeatrats,butthereareforty-twodifferentcultureswhosepeopleregardratsasappropriatefood.
Foodlikesanddislikesdonotalwaysseemrelatedtonutrition.Forexample,broccoliisthefirstonalistofthemostnutritiouscommonvegetables,butitisthetwenty-firstonalistofvegetablesthatAmericanslikemosttoeat.Tomatoesarethesixteenthonthelistofmostnutritiousvegetables,buttheyarethefirstonthelistofvegetablesthatAmericanslikemosttoeat.
Anthropologists（人类学家）believethatmostfoodlikesanddislikesarearesultofthewaysoflifeofdifferentpeople.Somepeopleliveinareaswheretherearebothlargeanimalsandmanyinsects.Itisdifficultforthesepeopletokilllargeanimals,anditrequiresalotofenergy.Itiseasierforthemtouseinsectsforfoodbecauseitisnotdifficulttocatchinsectsanditdoesnotrequirealotofenergy.Nomadic（游牧的）peoplewhomovearoundwillnotwanttokeeppigsforfood.Peoplewillnoteatpetssuchasdogs.Americanseatalotofbeefbecausethereisplentyoflandforraisingcattleandthemeatcanbeshippedcheaplyforlongdistancesbyrailroads.
8.What'
sthemaintopicofthispassage?
A.Foodandreligion.B.Nutritionofdifferentfoods.
C.Foodandculture.D.Differentwaysoflife.
9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutfoodlikesanddislikes?
A.Theyaremostlyconnectedwithpeople'
slifestyles.
B.Theyareneverrelatedtonutrition.
C.Theyaremostlyassociatedwithpeople'
staste.
D.Theyareusuallyrelatedtoculturesorreligions.
10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Americansprefertomatoestobeef.
B.Itisbelievedthatbroccoliismorenutritiousthantomatoes.
C.PeopleinInnerMongoliawouldprobablyliketokeeppigsforfood.
D.ThefamousboxerMuhammadAliwouldliketoeatratsratherthanbutterflies.
11.WhydoAmericansprefertoeatbeef?
A.Becausebeefprovidesalotofenergypeoplerequire.
B.Becausetheyhavetheidealconditiontokeepandshipcattle.
C.Becausebeefisonthelistofthemostnutritiousfoods.
D.Becausecattlearelargeanimals.
D
Anewstudyhasshownthatgettingonwithcolleaguesismoreimportanttoworkersthanabigsalary.
Adetailedstudyofworkattitudesfoundthatmanyfactorsaremoreimportantthanthepaycheque,suchasrelationshipswithcolleagues,self-worth,andthenatureofthejobitself.Eightintenof2,000peoplepolled（民意测验）saidtheywouldturndownabigsalaryincreaseifitmeantworkingwithpeopleorinanenvironmenttheydidn'
tlike.
Theresultsshowedpeoplearethemostimportantfactorinwork-relatedhappiness,alongwithenjoyingtheroleandgettingonwiththeboss.
ChiefExecutiveMarkFarrarsaid:
Theresultsshowthat,whenitcomestoworkinghappiness,moneyisfarfromthedrivingfactorformostofus."
Ofcourse,weearnasmuchaswecantokeeporimproveourcircumstances,butmostregardedworkingwithgoodpeopleorinaroletheyfeelvaluedinasmoreimportantthanthesalary."
Mostofuswillspendthebiggestpartofourlivesworkingandit'
simportantthatanyjobwehavepromotesusbothprofessionallyandpersonally."
Mostrespondents（调查对象）hadturneddownhigherpaidjobsbecauseitwouldhavemeantlesstimewiththefamilyandapoorwork-lifebalance.
Thestudyalsofoundathirdhadleftajobdespiteitbeingwell-paid-mainlybecausetheydidn'
tthinkitwasworththeaddedpressurewhileothersfelttheyweren'
tgiventherightappreciationfromseniorstaffortherolestoppedchallengingthem.
Infact,paywasonlythesixthbiggestfactorforpeoplestayingintheirpresentjob,withBritonsprioritizinggoodrelationshipwiththosearoundthem.
Only15%ofthe2,000workerspolledactivelydisliketheirpresentjob.Whenaskedwhytheywereunhappy,respondentsweremorelikelytofeelthenatureoftheworkwasdullandunfulfillingorthattheirbossdidn'
tappreciatethemthantheyweretosaytheirpaywastoolow.
12.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?
A.Whymoneyismoreimportantthanajob.B.Whatis
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