完整版胡壮麟语言学教程测试题及答案0930183705.docx

完整版胡壮麟语言学教程测试题及答案0930183705.docx

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完整版胡壮麟语言学教程测试题及答案0930183705

胡壮麟《语言学教程》（修订版）测试题

第一章：

语言学导论

I.Choosethebestanswer.（20%）

1.Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhuman

A.contact

C.relation

B.communication

D.community

2.Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?

A.tree

C.crash

B.typewriter

D.bang

3.Thefunctionof

thesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.i”s

A.interrogative

C.informative

B.directive

D.performative

4.InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowloraplatethehostorthepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“碎碎（岁岁）平安”asameansofcontrollingtheforceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.Whichfunctionsdoesitperform?

A.Interpersonal

C.Performative

B.Emotive

D.Recreational

5.Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?

A.Transferability

C.Displacement

B.Duality

D.Arbitrariness

6.Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccordingtothefunctions

oflanguage?

—Aniceday,isn

'tit?

Right!

Ireallyenjoythesunlight.

A.Emotive

C.Performative

B.Phatic

D.Interpersonal

7.referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageusesrknowledge

oftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.

A.Performance

C.Langue

B.Competence

D.Parole

8.Whenadogisbarking,youassumeitisbarkingforsomethingoratsomeonethatexistshearandnow.

Itcouldn'tbesorrowfulforsomelostloveorlostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof.

A.culturaltransmissionB.productivity

C.displacementD.duality

9.answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirst

language.

A.PsycholinguisticsB.Anthropologicallinguistics

C.SociolinguisticsD.Appliedlinguistics

10.dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularly

education.

A.LinguistictheoryB.Practicallinguistics

C.AppliedlinguisticsD.Comparativelinguistics

II.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.（10%）

11.Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage.

12.Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary.

13.Speakingisthequickestandmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.

14.Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.

15.Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.

16.Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.

17..DeSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.

18.AstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare'stimeisanexample

ofthediachronicstudyoflanguage.

19.Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.

20.Allthelanguagesintheworldtodayhavebothspokenandwrittenforms.

III.Fillintheblanks.（10%）

21.Language,broadlyspeaking,isameansofcommunication.

22.Inanylanguagewordscanbeusedinnewwaystomeannewthingsandcanbecombinedintoinnumerablesentencesbasedonlimitedrules.Thisfeatureisusuallytermed.

23.Languagehasmanyfunctions.Wecanuselanguagetotalkaboutitself.Thisfunctionis.

24.Theorythatprimitivemanmadeinvoluntaryvocalnoiseswhileperformingheavyworkhasbeencalledthetheory.

25.Linguisticsisthestudyoflanguage.

26.Modernlinguisticsisinthesensethatthelinguisttriestodiscover

whatlanguageisratherthanlaydownsomerulesforpeopletoobserve.

27.Onegeneralprincipleoflinguisticanalysisistheprimacyofover

writing.

28.Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisastudy.

29.Saussureputforwardtwoimportantconcepts.referstotheabstract

linguisticsystemsharedbyallmembersofaspeechcommunity.

30.LinguisticpotentialissimilartoSaussure'slangueandChomsky's

IV.Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.（20%）

31.Designfeature

32.Displacement

33.Competence

34.Synchroniclinguistics

V.Answerthefollowingquestions.（20%）

35.Whydopeopletakedualityasoneoftheimportantdesignfeaturesofhumanlanguage?

Canyoutelluswhatlanguagewillbeifithasnosuchdesignfeature?

（南开大学，2004）

36.Whyisitdifficulttodefinelanguage?

（北京第二外国语大学，2004）

VI.Analyzethefollowingsituation.（20%）

37.Howcanalinguistmakehisanalysisscientific?

（青岛海洋大学，1999）

第二章：

语音

I.Choosethebestanswer.（20%）

1.Pitchvariationisknownaswhenitspatternsareimposedonsentences.

A.intonationB.toneC.pronunciationD.voice

2.Conventionallyaisputinslashes（//）.

A.allophoneB.phoneC.phonemeD.morpheme

3.Anaspiratedp,anunaspiratedpandanunreleasedpareofthep

ph