上海沪教版英语八年级下册第二学期知识点归纳集锦Word下载.docx
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explanation
6、visible;
vision；
invisible
7、containhold
8、experience,experienced
9、conclude,conclusion
10、gooff,goout,goup,goaway,godown,goin
11、usedtodosth,beusedtodosth,beusedtodoingsth,beusedas,beusedfor
12、trydoingsth,trytodosth
13、goontodosth,goondoingsth
14、befamiliarto,befamiliarwith
15、pleased,pleasant,pleasure,please
16、accept,receive
17、keep的用法
18、what/how感叹句
19、数词的用法
20、不定冠词a、an的用法
21、介词后面动词用-ing形式
22、状语从句连接词：
if/aslongas,when/while/assoonas/until/before/after,though/although
23、when/while
24、well/good
25、疑问词+主语+情态动词can/should/could等+谓语动词=疑问词+谓语动词不定式
第二部分：
语法
1、It’s+adj.+for/ofsb+todosth
2、alittle,afew,little,few
3、表示数量的词：
①plentyof,lotsof,alotof
②agreat/gooddealof,alarge/smallquantityof,alarge/smallamountof
③anumberof,thenumberof
4、情态动词：
mustn’t,can’t,maynot等的意思
①must与may（主语是第一人称）开头的一般疑问句的否定回答
must用或may用或
②must,may等表示肯定的推测意义；
can’t表示否定的推测意义
③need作为情态动词与实义动词动词的用法
【情态动词用法的基本练习】
（）1.—MayItakemypetdogwithmeintothecinema?
—Therulesaysno.Soyou________.
A.canB.mustn’tC.mayD.needn’t
（）2.Wehopethatasmanypeopleaspossible________joinusforthecharityshowtomorrow.
A.needB.canC.mustD.should
（）3.—MustIgetupearlytomorrow?
—No,________.
A.youmustn’tB.Idon’tthinkyouhavetoC.youcan’tD.youneed
（）4.—MayIplaycomputergames,mum?
—No.You________finishyourhomeworkfirst.
A.willB.canC.wouldD.must
（）5.—Let’sgototheconcerttonight,Michael!
—Sorry,I________.Ihavetohelpmymotherwiththehousework.
A.mustn’tB.maynotC.needn’tD.can’t
（）6.—Canyoufinishtheworkintwodays?
—Sorry,I________.Mycomputerdoesn’twork.
A.don’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t
（）7.—________youspeakJapanese?
—No,Ican’t.
A.CanB.MustC.MayD.Should
（）8.Ifthetrafficlightisred,you________crosstheroad.It’sverydangerous.
A.don’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t
（）9.—MayIuseyourruler?
—________.
A.Yes,pleaseB.YouareniceC.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Itwasapleasure
5、宾语从句：
①陈述句改为宾语从句时，用that连接；
②一般疑问句改为宾语从句时，用whether/if连接；
③特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时，用特殊疑问词连接。
【宾语从句专项精选】
（）1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.
A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake
（）2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.
A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen
（）3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.
A.hadB.hasC.willhaveD.are
（）4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.
A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay
（）5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.
A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled
（）6.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?
A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that
（）7.Idon'
tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.
A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where
（）8.Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who
（）9.Shedidn'
tknow___backsoon.
A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe
（）10.Idon'
tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.
A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when
（）11.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?
A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow
（）12.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.
AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose
（）13.Theydon'
tknow________theirparentsare.
AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich
（）14.Pleasetellme______lastyear.
A.wheredoesyoursisterworkBwheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksDwhereyoursisterworked
（）15.SheaskedmeifIknew______.
A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit
（）16.Youmustremember________.
A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid
（）17.Didyouknow____?
A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter
（）18.Couldyoutellme___?
A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijing
C.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing
（）19.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook.
A.thatB.howC.whatD.if
（）20.—Idon'
tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.
A.whyB.whenC.howD.where
（）21.—Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.—Theysayheisateacher.
A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where
（）22.Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers.
A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen
（）23.—Doyouknow_____?
I'
mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry,Idon'
tknow.
A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.LilivesD.whereMr.Lilived
（）24.—Wheredoyouthink_____he_____thecomputer?
—Sorry,Ihavenoidea.
A.／;
boughtB.has;
boughtC.did;
buyD.does;
buy
（）25.Idon'
tfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_____thismorning.
A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatthematterwasD.whatwrongwas
（）26.—WhereisJack?
—Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'
sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'
mnotsure_____.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there
6、直接引语转换为间接引语
①.人称代词和指示代词的变化
指示代词this和these通常变为that和those。
人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整。
从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称，第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称，第三人称不变。
例如：
Hesaid,“Icametohelpyou.”他说：
“我是来帮助你的。
”
→Hesaidthathehadcometohelpme.他说他是来帮助我的。
②.时态的变化
引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态不变。
引述动词如果用一般过去时，间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。
具体变化如下：
一般现在时→一般过去时
一般过去时→过去完成时
现在进行时→过去进行时
现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时
③.时间状语的变化
now→then
lastmonth→themonthbefore
today→thatday
threedaysago→threedaysbefore
tonight→thatnight
tomorrow→thenextday
thisweek→thatweek
nextmonth→thenextmonth
yesterday→thedaybefore
thedayaftertomorrow→intwodays
地点状语的变化
here→there谓语动词的变化
come→go
【注意】含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是，情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。
若直接引语为客观真理或自然规律，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
【将下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语】
1.“Iamveryhappy.”saidFisherproudly.
2.Dinnysaid:
“IsawMrMuskamyesterday.”
3.Hesaid:
“Iwillhavefinishedmyworkbythattime.”
4.“Ihaveneverseenanythingmorebeautifulthanthis.”hesaid.
5.MrRochestersaid;
“I’vesettledeverything;
andwewillleaveThornfieldtomorrow.”
6.“Itistoolate.”hesaid.
7.“HereisMissEyre,sir,”saidMrsFairfax.
8.“Iwilltryit,”saidKate.
9.“I’vestudiedbiology,”hesaid.
10.“Wewillgobacktothehouse,”hesaid.
7、不定代词辨析:
all,any,another,both,each,every,either,few,little,many,much,no,none,neither,one,other,some以及由some,any,no,every和body,one,thing构成的复合不定代词。
①one,ones的用法
②each，every的用法
③other,theother,another,others,theothers的用法
【不定代词专练】
（）1.________policeofficersintheUKcarryguns,butmostofthemdon’t.
A.NoB.SomeC.ManyD.All
（）2.—Whichdoyoulikebest,coffee，waterorjuice?
—________.Ionlyliketea.
A.BothB.EitherC.NeitherD.None
（）3.Therearemanytallbuildingson_______sidesofthestreet.
A.eitherB.allC.bothD.none
（）4.Shehaswrittenalotofbooks,but________goodones.
A.anyB.someC.fewD.many
（）5.—Wouldyoulikechickennoodlesorbeefnoodles?
—________.I’dliketomatonoodles.
A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None
（）6.I’mhungry.Iwant________toeat.
A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing
（）7.—IsawTonyattheparty.Buthedidn’tspeaktome________evening.
—Maybehedidn’tseeyou.
A.allB.everyC.eitherD.another
（）8.—Areyou________fromAmerica?
—No,noneofus.
A.bothB.allC.anyD.either
（）9.Heshowedmeamagazineheboughtyesterday.Ithinkit’sinteresting.SoIbought________.
A.itB.thisC.thatD.one
（）10.Mikefelloffthebike,buthedidn’thurt________.
A.heB.himC.himselfD.hisself
（）11.________bookareyoulookingfor?
A.WhatB.WhichC.WhoD.Whose
（）12.Thereisn’tanymilkinmyglass.Wouldyougiveme________?
A.someB.fewC.littleD.any
（）13.Wehadplentyofpaperbut_____ink.
A.afew B.few C.notmany D.notmuch
（）14.Learningaforeignlanguageisespeciallydifficultforthosewhohaveneverlearned______before.
A.one B.it C.them D.that
（）15.We'
reverybusybecausewe'
veso______bookstoreadandso_______homeworktodoeveryday.
A.much...many B.many...much C.many...alot D.alot...much
（）16.Ithought______ofthematterbutstillcouldn'
tfindoutthereason.
A.every B.both C.not
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