职称英语理工类A级阅读理解专项有解析二.docx
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职称英语理工类A级阅读理解专项有解析二
职称英语理工类A级-阅读理解专项(有解析)
(二)
一、阅读理解(共80小题,共240.0分)下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4个选项。
请根据文章的内容,从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案,涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
第1题
NewAttemptstoEradicateAIDSVirus
Ahigh-profileattempttoeradicatetheAIDSvirusinafewpatientscontinuestoshowpromise.
Butresearcherswon'tknowforayearormorewhetheritwillwork,scientistDavidHotoldjournaliststhisWednesdayfortheFourthConferenceinVirusesandInfections.
"Thisisastudythat'sinprogress,"saysHo,headoftheAaronDiamondAIDSResearchCenter,NewYork.
Thestudyinvolves20peoplewhostartedcombinationsofanti-HIVdrugsveryearlyinthecourseofthedisease,within90daysoftheirinfections.They'vebeentreatedforupto18months.Fourothershavedroppedoutbecauseofsideeffectsorproblemscomplyingwiththeexactingdrugsystem.
ThedrugshaveknockedtheAIDSvirusdowntoundetectablelevelsinthebloodofallremainingpatients.And,inthelatestdevelopment,scientistshavenowtestedlymphnodesandsemenfromafewpatientsandfoundnovirusreproducingthere,Hosays."Bearinmindthatundetectabledoesnotequalabsent,"Hosays.
Hohascalculatedthatthedrugsshouldbeabletowipeoutremainingviruses—atleastfromknownreservoirsthroughoutthebody—intwotothreeyears.Buttheonlywaytoproveeradicationwouldbetostopthedrugsandseeiftheviruscomesback.OnWednesday,'Hosaidhewouldn'taskanypatienttoconsiderthatstepbefore2yearsoftreatment.
Andheemphasizedthatheisnoturgingwidespreadadoptionofsuchearly,aggressivetreatmentoutsideoftrials.Nooneknowsthelong-termrisks.
Butotherscientistsarelookingatsimilarexperiments.Afederallyfundedstudywillput300patientsontriple-drugtreatmentsandthenseeifsomerespondingwellaftersixmonthscancontinuetosuppressthevirusonjustoneortwodrugs,saysresearcherDouglasRichmanoftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego.Somepatientsinthatstudyalsomaybeofferedthechancetostoptherapyafter18monthsormore,hesays.
Accordingtothepassage,theattempttoeradicatetheAIDSvirus______.
Acontinuestobehopeful
Bwillbesuccessfulinayear
Cwillbesuccessfulinfuture
Dwillstopbeinghopeful
【正确答案】:
A
【本题分数】:
3.0分
【答案解析】
[解析]利用题干中的核心词“theattempt”作为答案线索,同时注意利用备选项中的核心词hopeful和successful,这样发现答案相关句:
Ahigh-profileattempttoeradicatetheAIDSvirusinafewpatientscontinuestoshowpromise(与A中的hopeful呼应).这个句子的意思是“为消除一些病人身体中的AIDS病毒所做的尝试一直显示出希望”,根据这句话的内容判断A(一直显现出希望)是答案。
第2题
WhichisNOTtrueaboutthestudy?
AThereare20patientsinvolvedinthestudy.
BThepatientshaveusedseveralanti-HIVdrugs.
CThepatientshavebeentreatedforupto18months.
D16patientsdidnotgothroughthewholestudy.
【正确答案】:
D
【本题分数】:
3.0分
【答案解析】
[解析]这是“是非判断”题,对于这类问题在解题过程中必须充分利用备选项的结构、句意和用词特点(本题中所给的备选项中出现了病人人数和时间),因此注意文章中涉及病人人数和时间的句子,这样找到答案相关句:
Thestudyinvolves20people(说明A正确:
有20个人参与实验)whostagedcombinationsofanti-HIVdrugs(说明B正确:
在疾病早期阶段使用过集中抗HIV药品)veryearlyinthecourseofthedisease,within90daysoftheirinfections.They'vebeentreatedforupt018months.,(证明C正确)Fourothershavedroppedout(该结构说“另外有四个人退出”,因此参加完整个实验的有16人,因此D错误)becauseofsideeffectsorproblemscomplyingwiththeexactingdrugsystem.dropoutv意为“不参与,离去,放弃”。
第3题
WhatdoHo'swords"Bearinmindthatundetectabledoesnotequalabsent"mean?
AAIDSviruscanexistinthebloodwithoutbeingdetected.
BAIDSvirusisundetectableintheblood.
CNOAIDSviruscanbedetectedintheblood.
DNovirusfoundinthebloodmeansnoAIDS.
【正确答案】:
A
【本题分数】:
3.0分
【答案解析】
[解析]首先找出引语所在的上下文,并结合该引语的本意(记住不能检测出来并不等于没有),判断答案A正确。
第4题
Howcouldweprovethatthedragshavewipedouttheremainingviruses?
AByusingupallthedrugsatonce.
BBywaitingforthevirustodieslowly.
CByaskingthepatients'feelingaboutthedisease.
DBystoppingthedrugstoseeiftheviruscomesback.
【正确答案】:
D
【本题分数】:
3.0分
【答案解析】
[解析]该题可直接借助常识判断,也可以借助原文:
利用题干中的核心短语“wipedout”’作为答案线索,这样发现答案相关句:
Hehascalculatedthatthedrugsshouldbeabletowipeoutremainingviruses—atleastfromknownreservoirs(储主)throughoutthebody—intwotothreeyears.Buttheonlywaytoproveeradication(与wipedout是近义词)wouldbetostopthedrugsandseeiftheviruscomesback.该句的意思是“证明是否彻底消灭了病毒的唯一方法就是观察停药后病毒是否会卷土重来。
”,因此D是正确答案。
wipeoutv.意为“消灭,垮台”。
第5题
Otherscientistsarelookingatexperimentsthataresimilarinthattheyare______.
Acostly
Beconomical.
Ctraditional
Dbold.
【正确答案】:
D
【本题分数】:
3.0分
【答案解析】
[解析]利用题干中的特征结构(修饰结构)“Otherscientists”和“similar”作为答案线索,这样发现答案相关句:
Andheemphasizedthatheisnoturgingwidespreadadoptionofsuchearly,aggressivetreatmentoutsideoftrials.Nooneknowslong-termrisks.Butotherscientistsarelookingatsimilarexperiments.But的出现表明But的前后句在句意上紧密相关,所以注意But的前句内容(划线句),该句的意思是“没有人知道长期的风险”,该句内容暗示类似的实验是存在很大风险的,对比备选项判断只有