宾语从句讲解和习题Word文件下载.docx

宾语从句讲解和习题Word文件下载.docx

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3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。

OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.

【中考范例】

1.MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2002.（2004年北京市中考试题）

A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived

【解析】答案：

D。

该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。

宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。

2.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?

（2004年上海市徐汇区中考试题）

A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootball

C.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame

主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。

一.单项填空

1.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?

A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which

2.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.

A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping

C.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping

3.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?

A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which

4.Mr.Kingdidn’tknow_______yesterdayevening.

A.whendoeshissoncomehomeB.whenhissoncomeshome

C.whendidhissoncomehomeD.whenhissoncamehome

5.Couldyoutellme_______thebikethismorning?

A.howdoeshemendB.howhemends

C.howhemendedD.howdidhemend

6.---I’mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow________itwillarrive?

---Usuallyitcomesby4:

00.

A.howB.whereC.whenD.what

7.---Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________?

---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.It’snexttoahospital.

A.howwecangettothepostofficeB.howcanwegettothepostoffice

C.howgettothepostofficeD.howcouldwegettothepostoffice

8.---CanIhelpyou?

---Yes.I’dlikeatickettoMountEmei.Canyoutellme______taketogetthere?

A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwill

C.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit

9.Hewantedtoknow___________.

A.whetherhespeaksatthemeetingB.whenthemeetingwouldstart

C.whathe’sgoingtodoatthemeetingD.wherewouldthemeetingbeheld

10.---Couldyoutellme_________theBambooGarden?

---Thedayaftertomorrow,Ithink.

A.whenwillyouvisitB.whenyouwillvisit

C.whenwouldyouvisitD.whenyouwouldvisit

11.Wouldyoupleasetellme_________next,MrWang?

A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhat

C.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat

12.Youcan’timagine_________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.

A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited

13.Iwanttoknow________youwillcomebackat8:

00tomorrow.

A.thatB.whenC.whereD.whether

14.---Couldyoutellme____________?

---Sorry,Idon’tknow.Iwasnotatthemeeting.

A.whatdoeshesayatthemeetingB.whatdidhesayatthemeeting

C.whathesaysatthemeetingD.whathesaidatthemeeting

15.---Couldyoutellme_________lastnight?

---Er,IwaswatchingEuro2004athome.

A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoing

C.whatyouaredoingD.whatareyoudoing

16.Theteacheraskedthestudents__________.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted

17.Everymorningthepatientsareaskedif________theirtemperaturetaken.

A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhadC.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhad

18.It’suptoyoutodecide_______you’llgothere,byairorbyroad.

A.howB.whyC.thatD.when

二.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子

1.李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。

LiMingsays______________interestedinplayingcomputergames.

2.我认为玛丽不回来了。

Idon’tthinkMary____________.

3.山姆给我说他准备去上海。

Samtoldmethathe______________forShanghai.

4.请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？

Couldyoutellme_______IcangettotheBellTower?

5.父亲说他买了一台新电脑。

Fathersaidthathe________________anewcomputer..

6.Doyouknow___________?

（谁正在唱歌）

7.Doyouknow___________?

（她正在和谁谈话）

8.Doyouknow___________?

（昨天发生了什么事）

1．在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。

eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.（动词宾语）

HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.（动词宾语）

MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.（介词宾语）

2．宾语从句的引导词有三类：

（1） 

以that引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句，that可以省略。

eg,Theradiosays（that）thecloudswillliftlateron.

Shetoldme（that）shewouldliketogowithus.

（2） 

以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why等引导的宾语从句，从句是陈述语序

eg,Couldyoutellmewhat'

sthematterwithu?

Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.

（3） 

以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.

3．宾语从句的时态

当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。

eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.

Youaretellingmethatyouwon'

tstopuntiltomorrow?

当主句为一般过去时态时，从句要用于过去有关的时态。

eg,TheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.

Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.

当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。

eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.

Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews

注意：

一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。

1. 

当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if

eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'

llgoonthepinic.

2. 

引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.

eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhetheryougoornot?

例题解析,举一反三

Theteacheraskedthestudents________.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaurs 

B.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputers 

D.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted

解析：

宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案B首先删去，主句一般过去式，从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案C和D,答案A中的if意为如果.应选A

Couldyoutellme_______?

A. 

whatthematteriswithyou 

B.whatwasthematterwithyou

C.hat'

sthematterwithyou 

D.what'

sthewrongwithyou.

what是从句主语，what'

sthematterwithyou本身就是陈述语序，因此删掉A;

主句可看作是委婉的请求，是一般过去式，可删去答案B;

wrong前不加the,因此此题选C.

3.Heaskedme_______Icouldsingthesong"

MyHeartwillGoOn."

A.if 

B.weather 

C.what 

D.that

此句应选含疑问意思的关系代词，故删去D；

weather意为天气，根据句意应选A.

4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.

A.went 

B.turned 

C.go 

D.turns

从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。

应选D

5.Itmakesnodifference__________.

whetherwillyoucometomorrow.B. 

Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam

C. 

IfhewillcometothemeetingornotD. 

Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot

答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if不能与not连用。

因此此题选D

6.Theydon'

tknow_______theirparentsare.

A.that 

B.what 

C.why 

D.which

what表示职业，因此选B.

7.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.

A.what 

B.that 

C.which 

D.who 

根据句意应用what,做said的内容，你所说的话。

应选A.

8.Theoldmantoldus_______and________.

A.todowhat,todohow 

B.whattodoit,howtodoit

C.whattodo,howtodoit 

D.whattodo,howtodo

疑问词what即连接不定式，又做do的宾语；

而在how引导的不定式短语中，how表示方式，do为及物动词，因此需接宾语才正确。

应选C

练习与巩固：

1.---DoyouknowwhentheWorldCup________nextweek?

---NextFriday.Whenit 

________,Iwillringyou.

A.begins,begins 

B.begins,willbegin 

C.willbegin,willbegin 

D.willbegin,begins

2.---Todayortomorrow?

---Whatareyoutalkingabout?

---Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.

A.how 

B.where 

C.when 

D.what

3.Iwonder_________.

A.wheredoeshelive 

B.whereheliveC.heliveswhere 

D.wherehelives

4.---Areyou 

sureyouhaveto?

It'

sbeenverylate.

---Idon'

tknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.

A.where 

B.why 

D.how

5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme_________?

---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.

A.wherewasyourmotherborn 

B.whereyourmotherwasborn

C.whenwasyourmotherborn 

D.whenyourmotherwasborn

6.Thephotographwillshowyou________.

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklike 

B.whatourvillagelookslike

C.howdoesourvillagelooklike 

D.howourvillagelookslike

7.---Canyouguessifthey_______toplaybasketballwithus?

---Ithinkthey'

llcomeifthey_________free.

A.willcome,willbe 

B.willcome,are 

C.come,are 

D.come,willbe

8.---Wheredoeshecomefrom?

---Pardon?

---Iaskedwhere_________.

A.didhecomefrom 

B.hecamefrom 

C.hecomesfrom 

D.doeshecomefrom

9.Shewondered__________.

A.howmuchhecostthecomputer 

B.howmuchhepaidforthecomputer

C.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthim 

D.howmuchdidhespendonthecomputer

10.---Doyouknow________?

---I'

mnotsure.Maybeheisa 

businessman.

whoheis 

B.whoishe 

C.whathedoes 

D.whatdoeshedo

一，引导词

　　A,由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等动词后。

连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。

　　例：

Itoldhimthathewaswrong.

　　l在