大学四级1092.docx

大学四级1092.docx

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大学四级1092

大学四级-1092

（总分：

713.00，做题时间：

90分钟）

一、PartⅠWriting（总题数：

1，分数：

106.00）

1.锻炼身体和平衡饮食哪个是保持健康的最佳办法

2．我的观点

（分数：

106.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

正确答案：

（TheBestWaytoStayHealthy

Ifyouhaverecentlystartedorrestartedanexerciseprogram，youarenotalone，anditprovestobethebestwaytostayhealthy．

Inthefirstplace，exercisemakesyourbody，mostimportantly，yourheartstronger—byhelpingitpumpmorebloodwitheachheartbeat．Thebloodthendelivermoreoxygentoyourbody．Exercisecanalsolowerbloodpressure，reduceyourriskofheartdisease．Besides，exerciseisthebestwaytoloseweight．Burningcaloriesandworkingoffthefatwillhelpyoulookandfeelbetter．Inthesecondplace，moreandmorepeoplerealizethatmentalhealthisneverthelessmoreimportantthanphysicalhealth．Focusingyourenergyontakingcareofyourselfwithproperexerciseisthebestwaytonotjusttransformyourbodybuttoliftyourspirits．

Ifyouareblessedwithahealthybodyandhealthymindbygettingintoexerciseslikesoccer，iceskating，jogging，running，swimming，bicyclingoranythingthatinvolveslotsofactivities，youcanbeconfidentthatyouarethe“wealthiest”，thusthehappiestmanontheplanetearth．）

解析：

二、PartⅡReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（总题数：

4，分数：

70.00）

HowExercisesWork

Whenyouexerciseorcompeteinsports,younoticeseveralthingsaboutyourbody.Youbreatheheavierandfaster,yourheartbeatsfaster,yourmuscleshurtandyousweat.Theseareallnormalresponsestoexercisewhetheryouworkoutregularlyoronlyonceinawhileorwhetheryouarea"weekendwarrior"oratrainedathlete.Whenyouwatchworld-classathletescompete,youseethesameresponses,onlymagnified.

Thebodyhasanincrediblycomplexsetofprocessestomeetthedemandsofworkingmuscles.Everysysteminthebodyisinvolved.Inthisarticle,wewilllookathowyourbodyrespondstostrenuousexercise--howmuscles,bloodcirculation,breathingandbodyheatareaffected.Youwillalsoseehowtheseresponsescanbeenhancedbytraining.YourBody'sResponsetoExercise

Anytypeofexerciseusesyourmuscles.Running,swimming,weighttifting—anysportyoucanimagine—usesdifferentmusclegroupstogeneratemotion.Inrunningandswimming,yourmusclesareworkingtoaccelerateyourbodyandkeepitmoving.Inweightlifting,yourmusclesareworkingtomoveaweight.Exercisemeansmuscleactivity!

Asyouuseyourmuscles,theybegintomakedemandsontherestofthebody.Instrenuousexercise,justabouteverysysteminyourbodyeitherfocusesitseffortsonhelpingthemusclesdotheirwork,oritshutsdown.Forexample,yourheartbeatsfasterduringstrenuousexercisesothatitcanpumpmorebloodtothemuscles,andyourstomachshutsdownduringstrenuousexercisesothatitdoesnotwasteenergythatthemusclescanuse.

Whenyouexercise,yourmusclesactsomethinglikeelectricmotors.Yourmusclestakeinasourceofenergyandtheyuseittogenerateforce.Anelectricmotoruseselectricitytosupplyitsenergy.Yourmusclesarebiochemicalmotors,andtheyuseachemicalcalledadenosinetriphosphate（ATP）fortheirenergysource.Duringtheprocessof"burning"ATP,yourmusclesneedthreethings:

Theyneedoxygen,becausechemicalreactionsrequireATPandoxygenisconsumedtoproduceATP.

Theyneedtoeliminatemetabolicwastes（carbondioxide,lacticacid）thatthechemicalreactionsgenerate.

Theyneedtogetridofheat.Justlikeanelectricmotor,aworkingmusclegeneratesheatthatitneedstogetridof.

Inordertocontinueexercising,yourmusclesmustcontinuouslymakeATP.Tomakethishappen,yourbodymustsupplyoxygentothemusclesandeliminatethewasteproductsandheat.Themorestrenuoustheexercise,thegreaterthedemandsofworkingmuscle.Iftheseneedsarenotmet,thenexercisewillcease--thatis,youbecomeexhaustedandyouwon'tbeabletokeepgoing.

Tomeettheneedsofworkingmuscle,thebodyhasanorchestratedresponseinvolvingtheheart,bloodvessels,nervoussystem,lungs,liverandskin.Itreallyisanamazingsystem!

ExerciseandATP

Foryourmuscles—infact,foreverycellinyourbody—thesourceofenergythatkeepseverythinggoingiscalledATP.Adenc,sinetriphosphate（ATP）isthebiochemicalwaytostoreanduseenergy.

TheentirereactionthatturnsATPintoenergyisabitcomplicated,buthereisagoodsummary:

Chemically,ATPisanadeninenucleotideboundtothreephosphates.

Thereisalotofenergystoredinthebondbetweenthesecondandthirdphosphategroupsthatcanbeusedtofuelchemicalreactions.

Whenacellneedsenergy,itbreaksthisbondtoformadenosinediphosphate（ADP）andafreephosphatemolecule.

Insomeinstances,thesecondphosphategroupcanalsobebrokentoformadenosinemonopho