A Theoretial Analysis of Schezophrenia from the Movie Black SwanWord下载.docx

A Theoretial Analysis of Schezophrenia from the Movie Black SwanWord下载.docx

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Introduction

ThemovieBlackSwancanbeaneminentcasestudyofSchezophreniafromtheviewpointofAbnomalpsychologyasthethemovie’smiancharaterNinahaspresentedmanysymptomsofSchezophreniaofpsychiatricdisoder.ThemainpurposeofthisshortstudyessayisthroughthepsychologicalanalysisofNina’spresentedabnomralbehaviorsandthoughtsandemotionstorevealhowthesymptomsofSchizophreniacuasethebelletdancer’semotions,thoughtsandbehaviorsdisodersandtoanalyzedthefactorsthatmaycausesthedisablingsymptoms,andalsotoidentifythediagnoses,prognosisandrelatedtreatmentsthatcanbeusedtorelievethesymptomsofNina’spsychosisdisorder.

Nina’scaseofpsychosissymptoms

Fromthemovie,peoplecanknowthatthemainprotagnoistNinaSayers（playedbyNataliePortman）isabeautiful30yearsoldwomanwithcowardlyandprinciplepersonalityandshehasbeenpracticeddelicateBalletunderhermom’scarefulcareandlong-termovercontrolswithhighlyanticipatedpressure.Shepracticesballetallthetimeandshewantstohaveoutstandingballetskillsthatshepracticesballetinastrictfulandhardwayasherdreamsisbecominganoutsandingfamousballectdancerwhichalsocanfultilhermother’sdream.Shepresentsmanystrangebehaviorsandthoughtsunderseverecompertitionsandinternalandexternalpressures,andwhichmakesherthoughtandbehaviorsoutofcontrol.Theabnormalbehaviorsinclude:

shehasnightmaresandwouldwakeupinthemiddleofnightsometimes;

shethinksshecanhearsomevoicefromsomewhereunknown;

also,shealwayssuspiciousotherpeopleisfollowingherandotherdancerswillstoleherleadingroleofdancerandharmher;

also,sheperceptsthatthereisanotherNinawhoiswatchingher.Shebecomessoagitatedandagaisthermomandotherdancers.ThroughNina’sbehaviorsofself-forcesandimparimentalthoughtsandstrugglingsinherdailylife,peoplecanitentifyalotofdetailsthatNina’spresentedsymptomsarebeyondthenormalscopeofbehaviorsandthoughts.Herabnomralbehaviorcanbediagnosedaspsychosisinthewayofshizophreniabyusingpsychologicalanalysis.AsNina’ssymptomsofschizophreniahasapparentlypresentedinmanywaysinherdailylife,whichbreaksdownhermentalworld.Throughthemovie,peoplecanknowthatNinaenduresminddisordersbutshedoesnotknowaboutthementaldisorderandshehasnotbeendiagnosedandgettreatmentsproperlythatseverethesymptomsthatkillsherattheend.

DiagnosisbasedonDSM-5

Nina’spsychosisdisorderscanbediagnosedasschizophreniabyusingtheassessmenttool,theDSM-5.BasedonthecriteriaofDSM-5andtheinformationaboutNina,itcandiagnosethatNinameets 

TheDSM-5 

criteriafor 

schizophreniaandNina’ssymptomsrelatedtoschizophreniaaredelusion,hallucinations,self-mutilation,paranoiaandotherpsychiatricsymptomsandabnormalpsychomotorbehaviorsthatcontinuetoimpairherdailylife.AccordingtotheDSM-5,peoplewithschizophreniademonstratehallucinations,delusions,thoughtandbehaviordisordersthatprogressivelyworseinfectedpeople’ssocial,personalandworkinglife（Tobin&

House,2015）.Fordiagnosis,thepatientmustmeetthecriteriaofthesymptomsofschizophreniaandatleast2symptomsmustpresentedlastmorethan1monthandthedeteriorationcontinuetodisturbpatient’slifeforatleasthalfyear（Tobin&

House,2015）.Asthesymptomsofschizophreniaincludespositivesymptoms（delusion,hallucinations）andnegativesymptoms（thesymptomscontinuestodisturbpatient’sdailyfunctions）（Kay,1991,p,195-196）（Immunology,2013,p360）,therefore,throughanalysis,Ninacanbediagnosedthatshepresentspositivesymptomsofschizophrenia,andshealsopresentssomelevelofpsychomotorsymptoms.Ninaexperiencesdelusionandhallucinationwhichareconsideredasparanoidschizophrenia,andalsoherfantasythoughts,abnormalemotionshaveriskyhermotoractionseveryday.

Positivesymptoms

First,Ninameetsthedelusionandhallucinationsymptomsasshehasself-delusion,fantacythoughtsandhearsandseesthingswhichareunreal.Bothdelusionsandhallucinationsareclassifiedaspositivesymptomes（Kay,1991,p,195-196）.Peoplewithdelusionperceivethingsthatdoesnotexistintherealworldwhilehallucinationisrelatedwithauditoryandvisualthingsthatareactuallynotreal（Videbeck,etal.,2015）.Ninahasthecommonpositivesymptomsofschizophrenia,thatcanbediagnosedfromherdailytheywouldtakesherleadingroleswhichdemonstratesgrandiosedorenia（Kreininetal.,2015,p,117）,andinwhichdelusionhappensin2/3of2010,P252）.Accdingtothepsychologyresearcharticle,theauthorsindicatedelusionsandhallucinationarethemostcommonsymptomsofmentaldisorderinpeoplewhoareimpariedwithschizophrGaoschizophreniapeople（elusion.ShealsoexperiencesauditoryandvisualhallucinationasshevisualizeslilyandanotherNinaarguewithherwhichactuallyaren’tthereinreality.Schizopreniapatientexperieneshallucinationthattheythinksomeoneisspeackingwithherandthevioceisunknown,researchindicatesthatschizophreniapeople’sexperienceofstangevoiceisactuallycomefromtheir“ownthought”（Sarin&

Wallin,2014）.Therefore,Nina’sexperimentsmeetsthecritariasofthoughtsandbehaviors,suchasdelusionofpersecutionthatshebelievesthatsheisbeingfollowed,watchedandattackedbylilyandanotherNinaandshebeofearfulthatpositivesymptomsofschizophreniathatshelosestouchwiththe

causedalotofdisturbancesinNina’spersonal,soialandworklife,eventhedurationrealworld.

ThroughtheMovieBlackSwan,peoplecanseethatthesymptomsofschizophreniahasnotbeenmentioned,butpeoplecanidentifiedthatNina’ssymptomshaslastformorethanlieveslilyandanotherNinaareattakerswhohurtshershowsshehaspersecutorydelusion;

sheiss1monthandthedisturbancesseemstocontinoiusformorethan6month.Thecourseofschizophreniahaspresentedindifferenttimeintheperson,thatNinahasexperiencedthepredromalphaseofshizophreniathatherhasdeteriotatedthoughtinherdreamsatthebeiginingofthemovie,whichsymptomsarethe“initialunusualexperiencespriortodevelopingfrankpsychosis”（Lauriello&

Pallanti,2012）.Nina’ssymptomshasdevlopedintomanifestedsymptoms,thatherdelusionandhallucinationbecomemoresevereandoften,thatshecantellshehasabornalthoughtsandbehaviorsthatraisesthefear,andparanoiaemotionsofher.whichistheactivephasethatpeople’experiencedsymptomsismagnifestedandeminent（Lauriello&

Pallanti,2012）.Shestartstorepeattothinkthatherbackhaswingsthatsheneedtoscratchitoutandpeelhernailsandherhallucinationsareseverethatharmherslef.

psychomotorsymptoms

Ninameetssomepsychomotorsymptomsofschizophreniathatthepsychosisdisorderscausetherepeatetionofstrangebehaviors.Catatoniasymptomsisrelatedwithschizophreniaandconsideredas“asubtypeofschizopreniathe”（Warisetal.,2014）,inwhichthefeaturesofthismentaldisordercanbepresentedinthewaywithstrangepostureandmovementsandbehaviors（Warisetal.,2014）.Inaresearchstudyabout“17.7%ofchildrenandadlescents”whohavepsychosisillnesspresentdsomecatatoniasymptoms（Warisetal.,2014）.Peoplewithcatatonicsymptomsofschizophreniapresents“abnormalmovementsandemotions”（Fink,2013）,andrepetitionofmannercanbeconsideredasabnormalbehaviors.Ninahascatatonicbehaviorssuchascheckingthemirrorsallthetime;

disorganizedbehaviorssuchasalwaysfindscarsonhershouldersandpercievesshehasbalckswingsconcealedinherskinthatmakesherscratchsherskinfrequentlyandtryingtopeelawayherskin.

Comorbity

Ninaexperiencesmanycomorbitysymptoms,suchasanxietydisoder,sheissofearthatshecannotgettheSwanPrincessroleandtheundetermineddecisionfromherdancinggroupthatstiggerstheanxietydisordersofher.Also,Obessive-compusiondisoderalsocanbeseemedfromNina’sabnormalbehaviors.Shelooksatthemirrorallthetimetocheckherbodyimageandsheisobessivetotheperfectworld.Also,shewashesherhandallthetime,whichindicatesthatNina’sobessive-compusiondisoderispresented.

Etiology:

thecausesofschizophrenia

FromtheGenderedandagedperceptionsofschizophreniathatNinais30years-oldfemaleAdultswhoisveryvunerabletobeafflictedwithpsychosisdisorder.Schizophreniahasrepresentedancommomcaseinpsyhologialdisorder.SomepsycologicalresearchindicatethatschizophreniaisaverycommondisodersinpsychologicaldisordersinUS（Foster,2003）andwhichafflicting“1%ofaduultpopulation”（Keltneretal.,2001）.Fosterindicatedthatschizophreniaishardtobehealedandismorelikelytoaffectpeoplebetweentheagesof18-35（Foster,2003）.Fromastudy,researchersfoundoutthattheearlierandonsetsymptomsofschizophreniadisplaiedhighrateonfemalethanonmale（Castle,2000）.

Geneticfactorsandenvironmentalexperiencesandsoial-environmentalfactorscanbeconsideredassomeofthemainreasonsthatcauseNina’spsychosissymptoms.Accordingtotheresearchstudieshasidentifiedthatbothnatureandnurturearethemajorriskfactorsthatcauseschizophrenia（Keltneretal.,2001）.Theyrecognizedthattheetiologyofschizophreniathattheinheritedgeneticfactorsandenviormentalencoutersaretheinfluentialcontributorsthatafflictthefunctionsofthebrain（Keltneretal.,2001）.ApplyingthetheorythatPsychosiscanbecausedbynatureandnurturei