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PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
HowDoYouSeeDiversity?
Asamanager,Tiffanyisresponsibleforinterviewingapplicantsforsomeofthepositionswithhercompany.Duringoneinterview,shenoticedthatthecandidatenevermadedirecteyecontact.Shewaspuzzledandsomewhatdisappointedbecauseshelikedtheindividualotherwise.
Hehadaperfectresumeandgavegoodresponsestoherquestions,butthefactthatheneverlookedherintheeyesaid“untrustworthy,”soshedecidedtoofferthejobtohersecondchoice.
“Itwasn’tuntilIattendedadiversityworkshopthatIrealizedthepersonwepassedoverwastheperfectperson,”Tiffanyconfesses.Whatshehadn’tknownatthetimeoftheinterviewwasthatthecandidate’s“different”behaviorwassimplyaculturalmisunderstanding.HewasanAsian-Americanraisedinahouseholdwhererespectforthoseinauthoritywasshownbyaverting(避开)youreyes.
“Iwasjustthrownoffbythelackofyecontact;
notrealizingitwascultural,”Tiffanysays.“Imissedout,butwillnotmissthatopportunityagain.”
Manyofushavehadsimilarencounterswithbehaviorsweperceiveasdifferent.Astheworldbecomessmallerandourworkplacesmorediverse,itisbecomingessentialtoexpandourunder-standingofothersandtoreexaminesomeofourfalseassumptions.
HireAdvantage
Atatimewhenhiringqualifiedpeopleisbecomingmoredifficult,employerswhocaneliminateinvalidbiases(偏爱)fromtheprocesshaveadistinctadvantage.Mycompany,MindsetsLLC,helpsorganizationsandindividualsseetheirownblindspots.Arealestaterecruiterweworkedwithillustratesthepositivedifferencesuchtrainingcanmake.
“DuringmyMindsetscoachingsession,Iwastaughthowtorecruitadiversifiedworkforce.Irecruitedpeoplefromdifferentculturesandskillsets.Theagentswereabletoutilizetheirfullpotentialandexperiencestobuildupthecompany.Whentherealestatemarketbegantochange,itwasbecausewehadadiverseagentpoolthatwewereabletostayintherealestatemarketmuchlongerthanothersinthesameprofession.”
BlindedbyGender
Daleisanaccountexecutivewhoattendedoneofmyworkshopsonsupervisingadiverseworkforce.“Throughoneofthesessions,Idiscoveredmypersonalbias,”herecalls.“IlearnedIhadnotbeenlookingatapersonasawholeperson,andbeingopentodifferences.”Inhiscase,theblindnesswasnotaboutculturebutrathergender.
“Ihadamanagementpositionopeninmydepartment;
andthetwofinalistswereamanandawoman.HadInotattendedthisworkshop,Iwouldhaveautomaticallyassumedthemanwasthebestcandidatebecausethepositionrequiredquiteabitofextensivetravel.Myreasoningwouldhavebeenthateventhoughbothcandidatesweregreatandcouldhavebeensuccessfulintheposition,Iassumedthewomanwouldhavewantedtobehomewithherchildrenandnottravel.”Dale’sassumptionsareanotherexampleofthewell-intentionedbutincorrectthinkingthatlimitsanorganization’sabilitytotapintothefullpotentialofadiverseworkforce.
“Ilearnedfromtheclassthatinsteadofimposingmygenderbiasesintothesituation,Ineededtopresentthefullrangeofduties,responsibilitiesandexpectationstoallcandidatesandallowthemtomakeaninformeddecision.”Dalecreditstheworkshop,“becauseithelpedmemakedecisionsbasedonfairness.”
YearoftheKnow-It-All
Dougisanothersupervisorwhoattendedoneofmyworkshops.Herecallsamajorlessonlearnedfromhisownemployee.
“OneofmymostembarrassingmomentswaswhenIhadaChinese-AmericanemployeeputinarequesttotaketimeofftocelebrateChineseNewYear.Inmyignorance,Iassumedhehadhisdateswrong,asthefirstofJanuaryhadjustpassed.WhenIadvisedhimofthis,Igavehimalongtalking-toaboutturninginrequestsearlywiththeproperdates.
“Hepatientlywaited,thenwhenIwasdone,hesaidhewouldlikeChineseNewYeardidnotbeginJanuaryfirst,andthatChineseNewYear,whichistiedtothelunarcycle,isoneofthemostcelebratedholidaysontheChinesecalendar.Needlesstosay,Ifeltveryembarrassedinassuminghehadhisdatesmixedup.ButIlearnedagreatdealaboutassumptions,andthatthetimingofholidaysvariesconsiderablyfromculturetoculture.
“AttendingthediversityworkshophelpedmerealizehowmuchIcouldlearnbysimplyaskingquestionsandcreatingdialogueswithmyemployees,ratherthanmakingassumptionsandtryingtobeaknow-it-all,”Dougadmits.“ThebiggestthingItookawayfromtheworkshopislearninghowtobemore‘inclusive’todifferences.”
AbetterBottomLine
Anopenmindaboutdiversitynotonlyimprovesorganizationsinternally,itisprofitableaswell.Thesecommentsfromacustomerservicerepresentativeshowhowaninclusiveattitudecanimprovesales.”MostofmycustomersspeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.Oneofthebestthingsmycompanyhasdoneistocontractwithalanguageservicethatofferstranslationsoverthephone.Itwasn’tuntilmybossreceivedMindsets’trainingthatshewasabletounderstandhowimportantinclusivenesswastocustomerservice.Asresult,ourcustomerbasehasincreased.”
Oncewestarttoseepeopleasindividuals.anddiscardthestereotypes,wecanmovepositivelytowardinclusivenessforeveryone.Diversityisaboutcomingtogetherandtakingadvantageofourdifferencesandsimilarities.Itisaboutbuildingbettercommunitiesandorganizationsthatenhanceusasindividualsandreinforceoursharedhumanity.
Whenwebegintoquestionourassumptionsandchallengewhatwethinkwehavelearnedfromourpast,fromthemedia,peers,family,friends,etc,webegintorealizethatsomeofourconclusionsareflawed(有缺陷的)orcontrarytoourfundamentalvalues.Weneedtotrainour-selvestothinkdifferently,shiftourmindsetsandrealizethatdiversityopensdoorsforallofus,creatingopportunitiesinorganizationsandcommunitiesthatbenefiteveryone.
1.WhatbotheredTiffanyduringaninterviewwithhercandidate?
A)Hejustwouldn’tlookherintheeye.Hewasslowinansweringherquestions.
B)Hisanswerstosomeofherquestionswereirrelevant.
C)Hisanswerstosomeofherquestionswereirrelevant.
2.Tiffany’smisjudgmentaboutthecandidatestemmedfrom.
A)Racialstereotypes.C)Racialstereotypes.
B)Invalidpersonalbias.D)Emphasisonphysicalappearance
3.Whatisbecomingessentialinthecourseofeconomicglobalizationaccordingtotheauthor?
A)Hiringqualifiedtechnicalandmanagementpersonnel.
B)Increasingunderstandingofpeopleofothercultures.
C)Constantlyupdatingknowledgeandequipment.
D)Expandingdomesticandinternationalmarkets.
4.WhatkindoforganizationisMindsetsLLC?
A)Arealestateagency.C)Aculturalexchangeorganization.
B)Apersonneltrainingcompany.D)Ahi-techcompany
5.Afteroneoftheworkshops,accountexecutiveDalerealizedthat.
A)Hehadhiredthewrongperson.B)Hecouldhavedonemoreforhiscompany.
C)Hehadnotmanagedhisworkforcewell.D)Hemustgetridofhisgenderbias.
6.WhatdidDalethinkofMindsetsLLC’sworkshop?
A)Itwaswell-intentionedbutpoorlyconducted.B)Ittappedintotheexecutives’fullpotential.
C)Ithelpedhimmakefairdecisions.D)Itmetparticipants’diverseneeds.
7.HowdidDoug,asupervisor,respondtoaChinese-Americanemployee’srequestforleave?
A)Hetoldhimtogetthedatesright.C)Heflatlyturneditdown
B)Hedemandedanexplanation.D)Hereadilyapprovedit.
8.Dougfeltwhenherealizedthathisassumptionwaswrong.
9.AfterattendingMindsets’workshops,theparticipantscametoknowtheimportanceof_________totheirbusiness.
10.Whenweviewpeopleasindividualsandgetridofstereotypes,wecanachievediversityandbenefitfromthe______betweenus.
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35Minutes)
SectionA
11.A)Sheexpectedmorepeopleatherparty.B)Sheenjoysentertainingsmallchildren.
C)ShethrewasurprisepartyforherfriendD)Shehasalwaysenjoyedgreatpopularity.
12.A)Theyarenotusedtolivinginacoldplace.B)TheyfeelluckytoliveinFlorida.
C)Theyaregoingtohaveaholiday.D)Theyhavenotbookedtheirairticketsyet.
13.A)Hewaspleasedtogetthemedal.C)Heusedtobeafirefighter.
B)Hewasverycourageous.D)Hewasaccusedofcausingafire.
14.A)Makeaprofitableinvestment.C)GetpartsforthemachinefromJapan.
B)BuyanewwashingmachineD)Havetheoldwashingmachinefixed.
15.A)Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.B)Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.
C)Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.D)Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.
16.A)Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.
B)Themanhasnoideawhattherightthingtodois.
C)Thewomandoesn’tknowhowtogettotheparty.
D)Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.
17.A)Drawingupabusinessplan.C)Finalizingacontract.
B)Discussingatermpaper.D)Reviewingaco-authoredarticle.
18.A)Sheorderedsomepaper.C)Shechattedonlinewithafriend
B)Shehadtheprinterrepaired.D)Shefilledinanapplicationform
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.A)Hishealthisgettingworse.C)Hispastlifeupsetshimagooddeal.
B)Hecannolongerworkatsea.D)Hehasnotgottheexpectedpension.
20.A)Shepassedawayyearsago.C)Shehasbeenworkingataclinic.
B)Sheusedtoworkasamodel.D)Shehasbeen