现代大学英语精读第一册 Lesson3Word下载.docx

现代大学英语精读第一册 Lesson3Word下载.docx

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2.Backgroundinformation:

Theauthor:

PiraSudham（1942~）isanEnglishwriterinThailand.HewasborninapoorfamilyinruralEsarn,inthenortheastofthecountry.Attheageof14,hetraveledtoBangkoktobecomeatempleboy,aservanttothemonks.HecontinuedtostudyandwonentrancetoThailand’stopUniversity,Chulalongkorn.HelaterwonaNewZealandgovernmentscholarshipwhichallowedhimtotravelfromNewZealandtoAustralia,China’sHongKongandEurope.PiraSudhamneverforgetsEsarn,whereheexperiencedpovertyandinjusticesinhisearlyyears,andwhichbecamethebackgroundformanyofhisshortstoriesandnovels.HisnovelMonsoonCountrymadehimanomineeforthe1990NobelPrizefortheliterature.Thistextisadaptedfromthefarmerandhiswifeinguidebooktobetterreadingseriespublishedin1982.

Thecity:

Bangkok

Bangkok,population8,538,610（1990）,isthecapitalandlargestcityofThailand.ThecityislocatedontheeastbankoftheChaoPhrayaRiver,neartheGulfofThailand.Bangkokisoneofthefastest-growing,mosteconomicallydynamicandsociallyprogressivecitiesinSoutheastAsia.LocalpeopleliketothinkthatitisemergingasaregionalcentretorivalSingaporeandHongKong,butitsuffersfrom

majorinfrastructureandsocialproblemsasaresultofitsrapidgrowth.Itisalsooneoftheworld'

smostpopulartouristdestinations.

BangkokistheeconomiccenterofThailand.TheChaoPhrayaRiverallowsBangkoktofunctionasaport.TheStockExchangeofThailandislocatedinBangkok.Tourismisamajorsourceofrevenue.ThecitycontainsmanyBuddhisttemples（knowninThaiasWats）,amongthebestknownbeingWatPhoandWatArun.

ThailandBuddhism

BuddhismisThailand'

smainreligion.94%ofThaipeopleareBuddhist.TheotherareMuslim,CatholicorChinese.Buddhismwasborn2,546yearsago（theofficialyearinThailandistheyear2003andthetraditionalyearistheyear2546）.BuddhismislinkedwiththehistoricalIndianprince,SiddhartaGautama,whobecametheBuddhaandreachedtheenlightenment.Nowhisteachingsarestillfollowed.Histeachingssaythatpeoplesufferbecausetheyareattachedtomaterialthings,towomenormenbyheartlinks.Theselinkscausesuffer,jealousysopain.Peopleareneversatisfied,.theywantmoremoney,morepower.TheaimofBuddhismistogetridofthesepainsandoftheselinks.ThereareseveralkindsofBuddhism.ThaiBuddhismiscalledTheravadaBuddhism.

Quotefromtheauthor:

Thefollowingisapartoftheauthor’sremarks,basedonwhichwecanhaveaglimpseofthepoorofTailand.

“IfIhadnotleftmyvillagethen,Iwouldhavebeensubjectlikemostvillagers,tothemercyofnature:

floods,drought,disease,ignoranceandscarcity.Withendurance,Iwouldhaveacceptedthemasmyownfate,assomethingIcannotgoagainstinthislife.”

II.Taskcycle:

Themeofthetext:

Thetexttellsaboutthedeepregretoftheoldpeopleoverthelossoftraditionalvaluesandthewayoflife.

Structureofthetext:

Thetextcanbedividedintotwoparts:

PartI（paras1-7）:

abouttheinterviewofwife.

PartII:

（paras.8—11）aboutthefarmer’sspeech

In-classdiscussion:

Question:

Whatkindofwritingdoesthistextbelongto

Answer:

Thistextisanessayinaverybroadsenseoftheword,orratheraninterview.Itiswrittendownbythewriterwhointerviewedafarmerandhiswife.（SincetheWorldWarIIithasbecomepopularforwriterstointerviewpeople,recordwhattheysayand,aftersome,nottoomuch,editing,publishthesepeople’sstoriesinbookform.）

Whatarestylisticfeaturesofessay

Generallyspeaking,thestyleofessayiscolloquial.Thelanguageisstraightforward.Thesentencesareshortandwordsaresmallandeasy,whichhelpreaderstounderstandwhat’sgoingon.

Questionsinmind:

WhatdowelearnfromtheoldcoupleintheinterviewWhataretheircharacteristics

Whatproblemsdoestheoldcouplemeetwith

Whatistherootoftheproblem

Arethereanyeffectivewaystosolvetheproblem

DetailedstudyoftheText:

1）.Theybelongedtomyparentsandforefathers.（para1）

tobelongtosb:

tobeownedbysb.

“Yes,theseareourricefields.Theybelongedtomyparentsandforefathers.Thelandismorethanthreecenturiesold.”

Inthefirstparagraph,whydoesthewifestartherconversationwiththetalkabouttheland

Thewifehasalreadyregardedthelandaspartofherlife.Thisisthelandwhereherparentsandforefatherslivedanditisboundwithfamilyhistoryandtradition.Itrepresentstherootofherfamily.

2）.…itwasIwhostayedwithmyparentstilltheydied.（para1）

Sentencestructure:

theemphaticstructure.

Pattern:

itis\was…that\who…

Function:

toemphasizesomepartsinasentence,

.thesubject.

Itwasthepolicemanthat/whocaughtapickpocketonNo.933busyesterday.

.theobject.

ItwasapickpocketthatthepolicemancaughtonNo.933busyesterday.

.theadverbial

Itwasonbusthatthepolicemancaughtapickpocketyesterday.（theadverbialofplace）

ItwasyesterdaythatthepolicemancaughtapickpocketonNo.933bus.（theadverbialoftime）

Task:

Makesentenceaccordingtoeachpattern

3）.MyhusbandmovedintomyhouseasisthewaywithusinEsarn.（para1）

“As”introducesadefiningrelativeclause,andfunctionsasitssubject,representingwhatisstatedinthemainclauses.

Moreexamples:

Asisknowntoall,TaiwanbelongstoChina.（as-----subjectoftheclause）

Asisoftenthecase,theboywaslateforclass.（as-----subjectoftheclause）

Whatistheculturalconnotationinthissentence

Whenwegotmarried）myhusbandcametoliveinourhouse.ItwasthetraditionhereinEsarnthatthebridegroomshouldcometolivewiththebride’sfamily.

4）.Therest,twoboysandtwogirls,wentawayassoonaswecouldaffordtobuyjeansforthem.（para1）

therest（ofsth）:

theremainingpeopleorthings;

theothers

.其中一本书比较难，其他的简单。

Oneofthebooksisquitedifficult;

therestareeasy.

toaffordsth.\todosth.:

tohaveenoughmoneytobuyortodosth.

.目前，我负担不起去欧洲旅行。

Atthemoment,Ican’taffordatriptoEurope.

twoboysandtwogirls:

usedastheappositiveof“therest”

Yourfather,aproudandunbendingman,refusedallhelpthatwasofferedhim.

Playingfootball,hisonlyinterestinlife,broughthimmanyfriends.

Adrylightningstorm,thatis,athunderstormwithoutrain,startedafireinaremotepartoftheforestinAugust.

Thewholesentence:

Ourotherchildren—twoboysandtwogirls—leftassoonaswe

hadthemoneytobuythemjeans.

5）.Theycometoseeusnowandthen,stayafewdays,andthentheyareoffagain.（para2）

（every）nowandthen:

fromtimetotime;

nowandagain;

occasionally

stayafewdays:

Herethephrase“afewdays”isusedadverbially.

beoff:

beawayfromaplace,

6）.…andtellusthattheyaredoingwell.Iknowthisisnotalwaystrue.（para2）

…althoughtheyalwaystellusthateverythingisfinewiththem,

Iknowtheyalsohavedifficultiesandproblems.Theyjustdonottellusbecausethey

donotwantustoworry.

7）…itislikeaknifepiercingmyheart.（para2）

WhenIhearabouttheirhardships,Ifeelverybad.

8）It’seasierformyhusband.Hehasearswhichdon’thear,amouthwhichdoesn’tspeak,andeyesthatdon’tsee.（para2）

Thesethreeclausesareallrestrictiverelativeclauseandtheyaretheparallelstructure.

Newsaboutmychildren’sproblemsdoesn’tmakemyhusband

assadasme.Hedoesn’tbotheraboutwhatishappeningaroundusandtoour

children.Heneversaysanythingaboutthem.

9）Hehasalwaysbeenpatientandsilent,mindinghisownlife.（para2）

mind:

takecareof;

attendto

“mindinghisownlife”:

thispresentparticiplephrasefunctioningasadverbialofaccompanyingcircumstances

ThewholesentenceHe’salwaysbeenpatientandtalkslittle.Hejustdoeshisduty

andcarriesonhislife.

Cf.“mindone’sownbusiness”----------＞“don’tinterfere”

10）Ourpieceoflandissmall,anditisnolongerfertile,bleedingyearafteryearand,likeus,gettingoldandexhausted.（para3）

yearafteryear:

everyyearformanyyears

Ourlandisgettingpoorerwitheachpassingyear,likeuswhoaregettingold,weakandtired.

“bleedingyearafteryear”:

thispresentparticiplephrasesfunctionshereasacause.

Moreexample:

Theysentustheirstatement,hopingtogetoursupport.

Theywentonwiththeirstruggle,thinkingtheirswasajustcause.

Nothavingreceivedananswer,hedecidedtowriteanotherlettertothem.

Thedoctor,notwishingtomakehernervous,didnotfullyexplaintheseriousnessofhercondition.

“gettingoldandexhausted”:

（rhetoricaldevice）personification

Personification:

Definition:

Referringtoinanimatethingsorabstractionsasiftheywerehuman.Itisakindofmetaphor.

AsLondonincreased,however,rankandfashionrolledofftothe