月份托福阅读真题及答案Word下载.docx

月份托福阅读真题及答案Word下载.docx

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（B）Philadelphia'

sdevelopmentasamarketingcenter

（C）ThesaleofimportedgoodsinPhiladelphia

（D）TheadministrationofthecityofPhiladelphia

2.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatnewmarketsopenedinPhiladelphiabecause

（A）theyprovidedmoremodemfacilitiesthanoldermarkets

（B）theHighStreetMarketwasforcedtoclose

（C）existingmarketswereunabletoservethegrowingpopulation

（D）farmerswantedmarketsthatwereclosertothefarms.

3.Theword"

hinterland"

inline3isclosestinmeaningto

（A）tradition

（B）association

（C）produce

（D）region

4.Theword"

it"

inline6refersto

（A）thecrowdedcity

（B）aradius

（C）theHighStreetMarket

（D）theperiod

5.Theword"

persisted"

inline9isclosestinmeaningto

（A）returned

（B）started

（C）declined

（D）continued

6.Accordingtothepassage,fairsinPhiladelphiawereheld

（A）onthesamedayasmarketsays

（B）asoftenaspossible

（C）acoupleoftimesayear

（D）wheneverthegovernmentallowedit

7.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthormentions"

Linensandstockings"

inline12toshowthattheywereitemsthat

（A）retailmerchantswerenotwillingtosell

（B）werenotavailableinthestoresinPhiladelphia

（C）weremorepopularinGermantownmaninPhiladelphia

（D）couldeasilybetransported

8.Theword"

eradicate"

inline16isclosestinmeaningto

（A）eliminate

（B）exploit

（C）organize

（D）operate

9.Whatdoestheauthormeanbystatinginline17that"

economicdevelopmentwasonthemerchants'

side"

?

（A）Merchantshadastrongimpactoneconomicexpansion.

（B）Economicforcesallowedmerchantstoprosper.

（C）Merchantshadtoworktogethertoachieveeconomicindependence

（D）Specialtyshopsnearlargemarketsweremorelikelytobeeconomically

successful.

10.Theword"

undergoing"

inline22isclosestinmeaningto

（A）requesting

（B）experiencing

（C）repeating

（D）including

Questions11-22

Avicolturists,peoplewhoraisebirdsforcommercialsale,havenotyetlearned

howtosimulatethenaturalincubationofparroteggsinthewild.Theycontinue

tolookforbetterwaystoincreaseeggproductionandtoimprovechicksurvivalrates.

lineWhenparrotsincubatetheireggsinthewild,thetemperatureandhumidityofthe

（5） 

nestarecontrollednaturally.Heatistransferredfromthebird'

sskintothetopportion

oftheeggshell,leavingthesidesandbottomoftheeggatacoolertemperature.This

temperaturegradientmaybevitaltosuccessfulhatching.Nestconstructioncan

contributetothistemperaturegradientNestsoflooselyarrangedsticks,rocks,ordirt

arecoolerintemperatureatthebottomwheretheeggcontactsthenestingmaterial.

（10）Suchnestsalsoactashumidityregulatorsbyallowingraintodrainintothebottom

sectionsofthenestsothattheeggsarenotindirectcontactwiththewater.Asthe

waterthatcollectsinthebottomofthenestevaporates,thewatervaporrisesandis

heatedbytheincubatingbird,whichaddssignificanthumiditytotheincubation

environment

（15）Inartificialincubationprograms,aviculturistsremoveeggsfromthenestsofparrots

andincubatethemunderlaboratoryconditions.Mostcommercialincubatorsheatthe

eggsfairlyevenlyfromtoptobottom,thusignoringthebird'

smethodofnatural

incubation,andperhapsreducingtheviabilityandsurvivabilityofthehatchingchicks.

Whenincubatorsarenotused,aviculturistssometimessuspendwoodenboxesoutdoors

（20）touseasnestsinwhichtoplaceeggs.Inareaswhereweathercanbecomecoldafter

eggsarelaid,itisveryimportanttomaintainadeepfoundationofnestingmaterialto

actasinsulatoragainstthecoldbottomofthebox.Ifeggsrestagainstthewooden

bottominextremelycoldweatherconditions,theycanbecomechilledtoapointwhere

theembryocannolongersurvive.Similarly,theseboxesshouldbeprotectedfrom

（25）directsunlighttoavoidhightemperaturesthatarealsofataltothegrowingembryo.

Nestingmaterialshouldbeaddedinsufficientamountstoavoidbothextreme

temperaturesituationsmentionedaboveandassurethattheeggshaveasoft,secure

placetorest.

11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

（A）Nestingmaterialvariesaccordingtothe

parrots'

environment.

（B）Humidityisanimportantfactorin

incubatingparrots'

eggs.

（C）Aviculturistshaveconstructedtheideal

nestboxforparrots.

（D）Wildparrots'

nestsprovideinformation

usefulforartificialincubation.

12.Theword"

They"

inline2refersto

（A）aviculturists

（B）birds

（C）eggs

（D）rates

13.Accordingtoparagraph2,whenthe

temperatureofthesidesandbottomoftheegg

arecoolerthanthetop,then

（A）theremaybeagoodchancefor

successfulincubation

（B）theembryowillnotdevelopnormally

（C）theincubatingparentmovestheeggto

anewposition.

（D）theincubationprocessissloweddown

14.Accordingtoparagraph2,sticks,rocks,ordirtareusedto

（A）softenthebottomofthenestforthenewly

hatchedchick

（B）holdthenesttogether

（C）helplowerthetemperatureatthebottomof

thenest

（D）makethenestbigger

15.Accordingtoparagraph2,theconstructionofthenestallowswaterto

（A）provideabeneficialsourceofhumidity

inthenest

（B）loosenthematerialsatthebottomofthe

nest

（C）keepthenestinacleancondition

（D）touchthebottomoftheeggs

16.Allofthefollowingarepartofaparrot'

s

incubationmethodEXCEPT

（A）heatingthewatervaporasitrisesfromthe

bottomofthenest

（B）arrangingnestingmaterialatthebottomof

（C）transferringheatfromtheparenttothetop

oftheeggshell

（D）maintainingaconstanttemperatureonthe

eggshell

17.Theword"

suspend"

inline19isclosestin

meaningto

（A）build

（B）paint

（C）hang

（D）move

18.Theword"

fatal"

inline25isclosestin

（A）close

（B）deadly

（C）natural

（D）hot

19.Theword"

secure"

inline27isclosestin

（A）fiesh

（B）diy

（C）safe

（D）warm

20.Accordingtoparagraph3,adeepfoundationofnestingmaterialprovides

（A）aconstantsourceofhumidity

（B）astrongnestbox

（C）moreroomfornewlyhatchedchicks

（D）protectionagainstcoldweather

21.Whichofthefollowingisaproblemwith

commercialincubators?

（A）Theylackthenaturaltemperaturechanges

oftheoutdoors.

（B）Theyareunabletoheattheeggsevenly

（C）Theydonottransferheattotheegginthe

samewaytheparentbirddoes.

（D）Theyareexpensivetooperate.

22.Whichofthefollowingtermsisdefinedinthepassage?

（A）Aviculturists（lineI）

（B）Gradient（line8）

（C）Incubation（line15）

（D）Embryo（line24）

Questions23-33

Themineralparticlesfoundinsoilrangeinsizefrommicroscopicclayparticles

tolargeboulders.Themostabundantparticles—sand,silt,andclay—arethefocus

ofexaminationinstudiesofsoiltexture.Textureisthetermusedtodescribethe

linecompositesizesofparticlesinasoilsample,typicallyseveralrepresentativehandfuls.

Tomeasuresoiltexture,thesand,silt,andclayparticlesaresortedoutbysizeand

weight.Theweightsofeachsizearethenexpressedasapercentageofthesample

weight.

Inthefield,soiltexturecanbeestimatedbyextractingahandfulofsodand

squeezingthedampsoilintothreebasicshapes;

（1）cast,alumpformedbysqueezing

（10）asampleinaclenchedfist;

（2）thread,apencilshapeformedbyrollingsoilbetween

thepalms;

and（3）ribbon,aflatfishshapeformedbysqueezingasmallsamplebetween

thethumbandindexfinger.Thebehavioralcharacteristicsofthesoilwhenmoldedinto

eacho