阅读答案文档格式.docx

阅读答案文档格式.docx

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snoimmunesystemtostopthemreplicating.Youcanregarditasthecancer'

sAchilles'

heel."

6.Onlyasmallamountofthevirusneedstogettothecancer."

Theyreplicate,yougetamillioncopiesineachcellandthecellburstsandtheyinfectthetumourcellsadjacentandrepeattheprocess,"

saidProfSeymour.

7.Preliminaryresearchonmiceshowsthatthevirusesworkwellontumoursresistanttostandardcancerdrugs."

It'

saninterestingpossibilitythattheymayhaveanadvantageinkillingdrug-resistanttumours,whichcouldbequitedifferenttoanythingwe'

vehadbefore."

8.Researchershaveknownforsometimethatvirusescankilltumourcellsandsomeaspectsoftheworkhavealreadybeenpublishedinscientificjournals.Americanscientistshavepreviouslyinjectedvirusesdirectlyintotumoursbutthistechniquewillnotworkifthecancerisinaccessibleorhasspreadthroughoutthebody.

9.ProfSeymour'

sinnovativesolutionistomaskthevirusfromthebody'

simmunesystem,effectivelyallowingthevirusestodowhatchemotherapydrugsdo-spreadthroughthebloodandreachtumourswherevertheyare.Thebighurdlehasalwaysbeentofindawaytodelivervirusestotumoursviathebloodstreamwithoutthebody'

simmunesystemdestroyingthemontheway.

10."

Whatwe'

vedoneismakechemicalmodificationstothevirustoputapolymercoataroundit-it'

sastealthviruswhenyouinjectit,"

11.Afterthestealthvirusinfectsthetumour,itreplicates,butthecopiesdonothavethechemicalmodifications.Iftheyescapefromthetumour,thecopieswillbequicklyrecognisedandmoppedupbythebody'

simmunesystem.

12.Thetherapywouldbeespeciallyusefulforsecondarycancers,calledmetastases,whichsometimesspreadaroundthebodyafterthefirsttumourappears."

There'

sanawfulstatisticofpatientsinthewest...withmalignantcancers;

75%ofthemgoontodiefrommetastases,"

13.Twovirusesarelikelytobeexaminedinthefirstclinicaltrials:

adenovirus,whichnormallycausesacold-likeillness,andvaccinia,whichcausescowpoxandisalsousedinthevaccineagainstsmallpox.Forsafetyreasons,bothwillbedisabledtomakethemlesspathogenicinthetrial,butProfSeymoursaidheeventuallyhopestousenaturalviruses.

14.Thefirsttrialswilluseuncoatedadenovirusandvacciniaandwillbedeliveredlocallytolivertumours,inordertoestablishwhetherthetreatmentissafeinhumansandwhatdoseofviruswillbeneeded.Severalmoreyearsoftrialswillbeneeded,eventuallyalsoonthepolymer-coatedviruses,beforethetherapycanbeconsideredforuseintheNHS.Thoughtheapproachwillbeexaminedatfirstforcancersthatdonotrespondtoconventionaltreatments,ProfSeymourhopesthatonedayitmightbeappliedtoallcancers.

Questions1-6

Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereadingpassage?

Forquestions1-6write

TRUE 

ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation

FALSE 

ifthestatementcontradictstheinformation

NOTGIVEN 

ifthereisnoinformationonthisinthepassage

1．Virustherapy,ifsuccessful,hasanadvantageineliminatingside-effects.

2．CancerResearchUKisquitehopefulaboutProfessorSeymour’sworkonthevirustherapy.

3．Viruscankillcancercellsandstopthemfromgrowingagain.

4．Cancer’sAchilles’heelreferstothefactthatvirusmaystaysafelyinatumorandreplicate.

5．Toinfectthecancercells,agooddealofvirusesshouldbeinjectedintothetumor.

6．Researchesonanimalsindicatethatviruscouldbeusedasanewwaytotreatdrug-resistanttumors.

Question7-9

Basedonthereadingpassage,choosetheappropriateletterfromA-Dforeachanswer.

7．Informationaboutresearchesonviruseskillingtumorcellscanbefound

（A） 

onTV

（B） 

inmagazines

（C） 

oninternet

（D） 

innewspapers

8．Totreattumorsspreadingoutinbody,researcherstryto

changethebody’immunesystem

injectchemotherapydrugsintobloodstream.

increasetheamountofinjection

disguisethevirusesonthewaytotumors.

9．Whenthechemicalmodifiedvirusintumorreplicates,thecopies

willsoonescapefromthetumorandspreadout.

willbewipedoutbythebody’simmunesystem.

willbeimmediatelyrecognizedbytheresearchers.

willeventuallystopthetumorfromspreadingout.

Questions10-13

Completethesentencesbelow.Chooseyouranswersfromthelistofwords.Youcanonlyuseeachwordonce.

NB 

Therearemorewordsinthelistthanspacessoyouwillnotusethemall.

Inthefirstclinicaltrials,scientistswilltryto……10……adenovirusandvaccinia,soboththeviruseswillbelesspathogenicthanthe……11…….Theseuncoatedviruseswillbeapplieddirectlytocertainareastoconfirmsafetyonhumanbeingsandtheright……12……needed.Theexperimentswillfirstlybe……13……tothetreatmentofcertaincancers

ListofWords

dosage 

responding 

smallpoxvirus

disable 

naturalones 

inject 

directed 

treatment 

cold-likeillness 

kill 

patients 

examined

AnswersKeys:

1．答案：

FALSE（见第2段：

Ifsuccessful,virustherapycouldeventuallyformathirdpillaralongsideradiotherapyandchemotherapyinthestandardarsenalagainstcancer,whileavoidingsomeofthedebilitatingside-effects.Virustherapy只能避免一些副作用，而不是根除。

）

2．答案：

TRUE（见第3段，特别是最后一句：

CancerResearchUKsaidyesterdaythatitwasexcitedbythepotentialofProfSeymour'

spioneeringtechniques.）

3.答案：

NOTGIVEN（文中没有提到virus可以抑制肿瘤细胞再生长）

4.答案：

TRUE（见第5段第3、4句：

这里“cancer’sAchilles'

heel”指“Ifyoucangetavirusintoatumour,virusesfindthemaverygoodplacetobebecausethere'

snoimmunesystemtostopthemreplicating.”Achilles'

heel的意思是“唯一致命弱点”）

5.答案：

FALSE（见第6段第第1句：

Onlyasmallamountofthevirusneedstogettothecancer.）

6.答案：

TRUE（见第7段：

Preliminaryresearchonmiceshowsthatthevirusesworkwellontumoursresistanttostandardcancerdrug.……,whichcouldbequitedifferenttoanythingwe'

）

7.答案：

B（见第8段第1、2句：

Researchershaveknownforsometimethatvirusescankilltumourcellsandsomeaspectsoftheworkhavealreadybeenpublishedinscientificjournals.Journal意思是“日报、期刊、杂志”）

8.答案：

D（见第9段第1句：

ProfSeymour'

simmunesystem,……“mask”的意思是“掩盖、隐蔽、伪装”，在这里和“disguise”同义。

）

9.答案：

B（见第11段第2句：

Iftheyescapefromthetumour,thecopieswillbequicklyrecognisedandmoppedupbythebody'

simmunesystem..“mopup”这里与“wipeout”同义，意思是“消灭、歼灭”。

10．答案：

disable（见第13段最后1句：

Forsafetyreasons,bothwillbedisabledtomakethemlesspathogenicinthetrial,butProfSeymoursaidheeventuallyhopestousenaturalviruses.）

11.答案：

naturalones（见第13段最后1句：

12.答案：

dosage（见第14段第1句：

Thefirsttrialswilluseuncoatedadenovirusandvacciniaandwillbedeliveredlocallytolivertumours,inordertoestablishwhetherthetreatmentissafeinhumansandwhatdoseofviruswillbeneeded.）

13.答案：

directed（见第14段最后1句：

Thoughtheapproachwillbeexaminedatfirstforcancersthatdonotrespondtoconventionaltreatments,…）

2

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