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5)You’llgetthereinfiveminutes.
6)AmIgoingtherightway?
2.Askthestudentstorepeatthesentencesinthebox.
Step3Grammar.
时态复习
到目前为止,我们已经学过了英语中常用的时态,包括一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时、过去进行时、一般将来时和现在完成时。
在本模块中,我们将对这些时态的用法进行总结。
首先,我们将本模块中出现的有代表性的句子归纳如下:
时态
例句
一般现在时
(1)AndIthinktheThreeGorgesDamisfantastictoo.
(2)ItproduceselectricityformillionsofpeopleinChina.
一般过去时
(3)Well,IvisitedtheGiant’sCausewaytwoyearsago.
现在进行时
(4)AmIgoingtherightway?
过去进行时
(5)WhenIarrived,itwasearlymorninganditwasraining.
一般将来时
(6)You’llgetthereinfiveminutes.
现在完成时
(7)I’veneverseenit,soI’mnotsureIagreewithyou.
1.一般现在时
一般现在时可以用来表述或说明某一事物的特性,如上面表格的
(1);
描述现在的状态,如
(2)。
一般现在时还用来描述经常发生的事情及原理,例如:
ThousandsofpeoplevisitBeijingeveryyear.
Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.
注意:
1)when,until,assoonas等引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中,若主句是将来时或祈使句,从句则要用一般现在时表示将来。
2)列车时刻,飞机航班用一般现在时。
2.一般过去时
一般过去时可以用来表述过去某个时间发生的事情或行为,如上面表格中的(3).一般过去时还可以用来描述事物过去的状态或过去经常发生的事情,例如:
Iwasverythininmychildhood.
IgotupveryearlywhenIwasacollegestudent.
注意:
usedto是过去时,表示过去常常。
e.g.Iusedtotakeawalkinthemorning.我以前常常早晨散步。
3.现在进行时
现在进行时可以用来表述现在正在发生的事情或正在进行的行为,如表格中的(4)。
现在进行还可以用来表示已经安排好的活动和事件。
例如:
Myelderbrotheriscomingtomorrow.
Wearehavingameetingtomorrowmorning.
go,come,leave,fly等表示位移的动词的现在进行时可用来表示将来。
e.g.SheisflyingtoLondontomorrow.她明天将飞往伦敦。
4.过去进行时
过去进行时表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行动,如表格中的(5)。
从例句可以看出,过去进行时常常以一个过去的行为或时间为参照。
Iwashavingbreakfastwhenhetelephonedme.
Whatwereyoudoingateighto’clockyesterdayevening?
while从句中的动词只能是延续性动词,
when从句中的动词延续性动词非延续性动词均可。
e.g.Thephonerangwhile/whenMr.Wangwassleepingonthesofa.
王先生正在沙发上睡觉时,电话铃响了。
5.一般将来时
一般将来时表述的是发生在将来的事情或行为以及未来的状态,如表格中的(6)。
在表示对将来的预测时(没有相关迹象表明某事必然会发生的情况下),will和begoingto可以互换。
Itwill/isgoingtobearainydaytomorrow.
但在其他情况下,begoingto更强调计划性,而will着重表达个人意愿或想法。
HeisgoingtospendhisvacationinHawaii.
IwillgiveyoutheinformationwhenIgetit.
therebe结构的一般将来时常用Thereis/aregoingtobe或Therewillbe表示。
e.g.Thereisgoingto/willbeafilmthisevening.今晚将有一场电影。
6.现在完成时
现在完成时与一般过去时所表示的行为都发生在过去,但是两者表达的重点不同:
一般过去时表述过去的事情,现在完成时则强调过去的行为对现在的影响,如表格中的(7)。
看对话,对比两种时态:
A:
Haveyouseenthefilm?
B:
Yes,Ihave.
Whendidyouseeit?
Lastnight.
从对话中可以看出,当谈话重心在过去的时间、地点或人物,而不是事件的结果或影响时,要用一般过去时。
反之,如果我们要强调的是过去的事情对现在的影响,则应该用现在完成时。
现在完成时还表示某个状态从过去某个时间开始,一直持续到现在。
Ihavelivedhereforalongtime.
Ihavebeenillforaweek.
havebeento曾去过某地,表示一种经历havegoneto到某地去了
e.g.MyfatherhasbeentoShanghaitwice.我父亲去过两次上海。
MrWangisn’there.HehasgonetoDalian.王先生不在这儿,他去大连了。
各种时态中一般疑问句和否定句的构成(以do为例):
1.一般现在时
一般疑问句式:
DoI/we/you/they+do…?
Doeshe/she/it+do…?
否定句式:
I/We/You/They+donot(don’t)+do…
He/She/Itdoesnot(doesn’t)+do…
DidI/we/you/he/she/it/they+do…?
I/We/You/He/She/It/They+didnot(didn’t)+do…
AmIdoing…?
Arewe/you/they+doing…?
Ishe/she/it+doing…?
Iamnot(I’mnot)doing…
We/You/They+arenot(aren’t)+doing…
He/She/Itisnot(isn’t)+doing…
Werewe/you/they+doing…?
WasI/he/she/it+doing…?
We/You/They+werenot(weren’t)+doing…
I/He/She/Itwasnot(wasn’t)+doing…
WillI/we/you/he/she/it/they+do…?
AmIgoingto+do…?
Arewe/you/they+goingto+do…?
Ishe/she/it+goingto+do…?
I/We/You/He/She/It/They+willnot(won’t)+do…
Iamnot(I’mnot)goingto+do…
We/You/They+arenot(aren’t)goingto+do…
He/She/Itisnot(isn’t)goingto+do…
HaveI/we/you/they+done…?
Hashe/she/it+done…?
I/We/You/Theyhavenot(haven’t)+done…
He/She/It+hasnot(hasn’t)+done…
Step4Explainthedifferencesinmeaning.
1.ExplainthedifferencesinmeaningbetweenSentencesa)andb).
1)a)Ioftenplaybasketball.b)Iamplayingbasketballnow.
2)a)ShehasgonetotheGreatWall.b)ShehasbeentotheGreatWall.
3)a)TheyhadanEnglishclassyesterday.
b)TheywerehavinganEnglishclassatnineo’clockyesterdaymorning.
4)a)Heisdoinganinterview.b)Hehasdoneaninterview.
5)a)WearedrawingapictureofVictoriaFallsnow.
b)WewilldrawapictureofVictoriaFalls.
2.Checktheanswers:
Keys:
1.a)iswhatIdoregularly.
b)iswhatI’mdoingnow.
2.a)SheisstillattheGreatWall.
b)ShehascomebackfromtheGreatWall.
3.a)Theydiditonceinthepast.
b)Theyweredoingsomethingataspecifictime.
4.a)He’sdoingtheinterviewnow.
b)Hehasalreadyfinishedtheinterview.
5.a)Wearedrawingapicturenow
b)Wewilldrawapictureinthefuture.
Step5Completethesentences.
1.AskthestudentstoreadthewordsintheboxinActivity2.
appearfinishgiveraintalkvisitwalk
2.AskthestudentstoreadthroughthesentencesinActivity2.
1)Listen!
It_________________outside.
2)Thegreatmusician________________aconcertinGuangzhounextmonth.
3)Lastsummer,myparents______________theTerracottaArmyinXi’an.
4)He__________already__________________anewbookabouttravel.
5)Thousandsofpeople_________________alongtheGreatWalleveryyear.
6)Afewminuteslater,astranger___________________attheendofthestreet.
7)Thestudents_________________aboutthejourneytotheGrandCanyonwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.
3.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectfromofthewordsinthebox.
4.Askthestudentstocheckwithapartner.
5.Checktheanswers:
1.israining2.will/isgoingtogive3.visited4.has,finished5.walk6.appeared7.weretalking
Step6Completethepassage.
1.AskthestudentstoreadthroughthepassageinActivity3.
Thesunwasgoingdownwhenwe
(1)_______(arrive)atthegroundfloorofthebuilding.I
(2)____(be)afraidofgoingtothetopoftallbuildings,soIwasalittlenervouswhenI(3)___________(walk)intothelift.Thelift(4)________(climb)fasterandfasteruntilwe(5)________(reach)the88thfloor.It(6)______(be)highupthere,butIwasnotafraidwhenI(7)___________(stand)atthetop.
TheJinMaoTowerinShanghai,oneofthetallestbuildingsintheworld,(8)___(be)420.5metershigh.Itwasbuiltin1999,andit(9)____(have)afantasticviewofPudongDistrictandthecenterofShanghai.IreallylikethetowerandIamsureI(10)___________(visit)itagain.
2.Completethepassagewiththecorrectformofthewordsinbrackets
3.Askthestudentstocheckwithapartner.
4.Checktheanswers:
1.arrived2.was3.waswalking4.climbed5.reached6.was7.wasstanding8.is9.has10.willvisit
Step7Workinpairs.
1.Talkaboutthewondersoftheworldyouhaveorhavenotvisited.
HaveyouevervisitedtheGreatWall?
Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.
Whendidyouvisitit?
/Whenwillyouvisitit?
Ivisiteditfiveyearsago./MaybeI’llvisititnextyear.
2.Nowcompletethetable.
Wondersoftheworld
Whendidyouvisitit?
Whenwillyouvisitit?
TheGreatWall
Step8Completethesentences.
1.AskthestudentstoreadthewordsintheboxinActivity5.
ancienthighlongnaturalopinionwonder
2.AskthestudentstoreadthroughthesentencesinActivity5.
1)TheChangjiangRiverisabout6,300kilometers_________.
2)TheTerracottaArmyisafamous___________wonderinChina.
3)FormyhomeworkIhavetowriteanarticleaboutthe_________oftheworld.
4)MountQomolangmaisthe___________mountainintheworld.
5)Inmy___________,theGreatWallisthegreatestman-madewonderintheworld.
3.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.Thereisoneextraword.
1.long2.ancient3.wonders4.highest5.opinion
Step9Completethepassage.
1.IntroducebackgroundoftheLouvreMuseumtothestudents.
2.AskthestudentstoreadthewordsintheboxinActivity6.
agreewithatthebottomofgothrough
lookingforwardtomillionsofmorethan
3.AskthestudentstoreadthroughthepassageinActivity6.
I’mreally
(1)______________myvisittotheLouvreMuseuminParis.It’sthemostvisitedmuseumintheworld-everyyear,
(2)______________peoplevisitit.TheLouvreisinanoldbuilding,buttogetinsideyoumust(3)______________agiantglasspyramidthatis(4)______________20metrestall.Theentrancetothemuseumis(5)______________thepyramid.Somepeopledonotliketheglasspyramid.Theysayitlookstoonewanddoesnotsuittheolderbuildings.Idonot(6)______________them.Ithinkitlooksgreat.
3.Completethepassagewiththeexpressionsinthebox
1.lookingforwardto2.millionsof3.gothrough4.morethan