综合英语6unit7 AWord下载.docx
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•Itfigures.
•Iseesuperstitioninitsfourmanifestations,aliveandflourishingamongpeoplewhoareindisputablyrationalandlearned.
Iseefourwaysinwhichsuperstitionshowsitself,veryactively,amongthosepeoplewhoareundoubtedlyreasonableandwell-educated.
•Fouryearsago,thecountry'
stouristindustrywasflourishing.
•WatercolorpaintingbegantoflourishinBritainaround1750.
•Nothingseemstoflourishinmygarden---perhapsthesoil'
stoopoor.
Questionforparagraph1-2
•Whatisthecommonassumptionaboutpeoplewhobelieveinsuperstition?
Howdoestheauthordiscreditthisassumption?
•Itiscommonlyassumedthatpeoplewhobelieveinsuperstitionareusuallyignorantandnaï
ve.Buttheauthornoticestheflourishingsuperstitionamongmanylearnedpeopleinhisuniversity.
•...whenIaskedhimwhy,hereplied,withawink,thatitwas“tohittheDevilintheeye.”
...whenIaskedhimwhyhethrewsaltoverhisshoulder,heanswered,jokingly,thatitwas“tohittheDevilintheeye.”
•Hegavemeaconspiratorialwinkastheylefttheroom.
•Ididn'
tgetawinkofsleeplastnightwiththatpartygoingonnextdoor.
Questionforparagraph3
•Whatdoestheauthorimplywhenhesays“hedidnotsmileuntilIaskedhimwhathewasdoing”?
•Theimplicationisthatthelearnedprofessortrulybelievedinwhathewasdoingandperformedthewholethingseriously.
•“...ahumbleappealtoFatetodeclareitself”amodestrequestforFatetorevealitself.
“todeclareoneself”
torevealonesintentionsoridentity
e.g.Thecommitteedeclaresitselfinfavorofregularqualityinspection.
QuestionforParagraph4
•Howshouldtheexpression“Almost,butnotquite”beinterpretedinitscontext?
•Thisexpression,whichisanellipticalsentence,isaresponsetotheprecedingstatement“...theirgenerallevelofeducationseemstoabsolvethemofsuperstition.”Theauthorsuggeststhattheeducationtheyhavereceivedmaynotbeabletohelpthemtogetridofsuperstition.
•AnotherlearnedprofessorIknow,whowouldscorntosettleaproblembytossingacoin...
•AnotherknowledgeableprofessorIknow,whowouldsneeratsolvingaproblembytossingacoin...
•TherearethousandsofpeopleonthiscontinentwhoappealtotheIChing,andtheirgenerallevelofeducationseemstoabsolvethemofsuperstition....
•TherearethousandsofpeopleonthiscontinentwhoarefascinatedbytheIChing,andtheirlevelofeducationseemshighenoughtofreethemfromsuperstition.
I'
veneverbeenskiing---itdoesn’treallyappealtome.
Ithinkwhatappealstomeabouthispaintingisthecolorsheuses.
Thepriestabsolvedhimofallhissins.Thereportabsolvedherfrom/ofallblamefortheaccident.
QuestionforParagraph5
•Investigationrevealedthatanengineeringstudent,worriedaboutagirl,thoughtthatbriberyoftheDeitymighthelp.
•Investigationdisclosedthatastudentmajoringinengineering,worriedaboutagirl,thoughtGodmighthelphimifhecouldofferHimmoney.
•Theorganizationwasrifewithbriberyandcorruption.
•Hewasaccusedofaccepting/takingbribesfromwealthybusinessmen.
•Itriedtobribemybrotherintodisappearingfortheafternoonbyofferinghimtheuseofmycar.
•1)Whydidtheexaminationcandidateshavethethirdformofsuperstition?
•Becausetheybelievedthatsomeparticularobjectswouldbringthemgoodluckinexaminations.
•2)Whydidtheengineeringstudenttucka$2billunderacandlestickinthechapel?
•BecausehebelievedthatGodwasbribableandhopedthatthemoneywouldgainsomehelpfromHim.
•Afterhedescribesthefourformsofsuperstition,theauthorgoesontoexploreitshis-toryanditsrelevancetohumanpsychology.
•“asubmergedriverofcrudereligion”---Bythismetaphortheauthorsuggeststhatsuperstitionisaninvisibleforce(asubmergedriver)thatisinsomewaylikereligion.
•WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheLatinwordsupersistoinrelationwithhumanpsychology?
•TheLatinwordsupersistomeansstandinginterroroftheDeity.Theauthorbelievesthatsuperstitionfindsitswaytothehumanheart,becausepeoplecannotrootoutterroralthoughtheycanmanagetokeepitwithinbounds.
•Mostpeoplekeeptheirterrorwithinbounds,buttheycannotrootitout,nordotheyseemtowanttodoso.
•Mostpeoplecancontroltheirterror,buttheycannotgetridofit,andtheydon'
tseemtowanttodoso.
•Thecommitteefeltthatnewspapercoverageofthemurderwentbeyondreasonablebounds.
•Whatyoudidwasoutsidetheboundsofacceptablebehavior.
•Hisdesireforpoliticalpowerapparentlyknowsnobounds.
•Hisfriendswentupstairstoroothimoutofhisbedroom.
•Mr.Smithhasbeenappointedtorootoutcheatingintheexaminations.
•Itmaypersistevenamongthegreatlylearnedanddevout...
Evenmanyofthegreatlylearnedanddevoutpeoplemayalsobesuperstitious.
Ifhepersistsinaskingawkwardquestions,thensendhimtotheboss.
Ifsherefusestoansweryourphonecalls,justpersistuntilshedoesanswer.
TheWeatherCenterpredictedthatthecoldweatherwouldpersistthroughouttheweek.
•....callingasuperstitionacompulsionneurosisdoesnotbanishit.
Psychoanalystsmaysaythatasuperstitionisacompulsionneurosis,butthisdoesnotsolvetheproblembecauseitcannotrootitout.
e.g.Theywerebanishedfromthelibraryformakingnoise.
Inanidealworld,preventivemedicinewouldbanishprematuredeath.
Question
•Whydoestheauthormentionthepsychoanalysts?
•Theauthorsuggeststhatscientistsmightbeabletoprovidereasonableexplanationsforsuperstition,buttheycannotrootitout.
•Manysuperstitionsaresowidespreadandsooldthattheymusthaverisenfromadepthofthehumanmindthatisindifferenttoraceorcreed.
•Manysuperstitionsaresocommonandsooldthattheymusthavebeendeeplyrootedinthehumanmind.Theyhavenothingtodowithraceorreligiousbelief.
•Hefounditveryhardteachingaclassfullofindifferentteenagers.
•Whydon'
tyouvote-howcanyoubesoindifferenttowhatisgoingon?
•....thefashionmagazinescountthemamongtheirmostpopularfeatures.
Astrologycolumnsareconsideredoneofthehighlightsofthefashionmagazines.
TheGrandCanyonisgenerallycountedasoneofthemostspectacularsightsintheUSA.
I'
vealwayscountedLucyamongmyclosestfriends.
"
GonewiththeWind"
hasalwaysbeencountedamongmyfavoritemovies.
Questions
•1)Howdoestheauthorprovethatpeopleofallracesarcsuperstitious?
(Paragraph9)
•BysupplyingexamplesoftheOrthodoxJews,theChinese,peopleinMiddleEuropeandtheMelanesians,theauthorprovesthatsuperstitions"
haverisenfromadepthofthehumanmind,andthereforehavethesameappealtoallhumanbeings.
•2).Whatdoestheauthormentionastrology?
(Paragraph10)
Theauthorusesthisexampletoshowthatsuperstitionisindifferenttotimeandscience,becauseithasbeenpopularallthetime,whetherinancientRomeorincontemporarysociety,whetherinsobernewspapersorfashionmagazines.
•3)WhichofthefourformsofsuperstitiondoesthecaseofDr.SamuelJohnsonbelongto?
•ThecaseofDr.SamuelJohnsonfallsintothefirstcategory---VainObservances.
•Superstitioningeneralislinkedtoman'
syearningtoknowhisfate,andtohavesomehandindecidingit.
•Generallyspeaking,superstitionisconnectedtoman'
sdesiretoknowhisfate,andtofindsomewaytocontrolit.
•Despitehisgreatcommercialsuccesshestillyearnsforcriticalapproval.
•SometimesIjustyearntobealone.
•Isupposeit'
sbecauseIliveinacrowdedcitythatIhavethisyearningforopenspaces.
•Susanhasafirmhandoneverythingthatgoesonintheoffice.
•Thingsgotalittleoutofhandatthepartyandthreewindowswerebroken.
•Howcomethere'
saproblem?
Ithoughtyouhadeverythinginhand.
Why,inthefinalanalysis,arepeoplesofascinatedwithsuperstition?
Accordingtotheauthor,itisduetopeople'
syearningtoknowtheirfateandtohavesomepowertocontrolit.
•Iamnotonetostandalooffromtherestofhumanityinthismatter...
Asfarassuperstitionisconcerned,Iamnotmuchdifferentfromothers.
e.g.Sheseemedratheraloofwheninfactshewasjustshy.
Whateverishappeningintheoffice,shealwaysremainsaloof.
•NowIamhumbler.
NowIamnolongersoproud.NowIamnotsosurethatitwasajoke.
•Whatdoesthe