英语句子八大成分复习进程Word文件下载.docx
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one
another.
他们互相尊重(对方)。
Allof
like
novel.
所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。
Did
you
many
people
there?
你在那儿看见许多人了吗?
■不及物动词作谓语
He
left
here
yesterday.
他昨天离开这儿。
You’re
driving
fast.
你开车开得太快了。
teacher
came
in,
book
in
hand.
老师走进教室,手里拿着书。
went
abroad
September
1988.
他于1988年9月出国。
■连系动词表状态
an
excellent
他是位优秀的教师。
Her
son
a
friend
ours.
她的儿子是我们的朋友。
Ours
great
country.
我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。
box
itself
not
so
heavy.
箱子本身并不重。
表语
表语与连系动词连用,构成系表结构,说明主语的身份或特征,一般由形容词、名词、动名词词、动词不定式、分词等充当。
如:
are
brother
and
sister.
他们是兄妹。
father
sixty-five.
她父亲65岁。
John
captain
team.
约翰是足球队的队长。
poor
boy
was
myself.
那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
All
need
do
take
taxi
airport.
你只需从机场打个的即可。
My
favourite
sport
swimming.
我最喜爱的运动是游泳。
宾语
宾语是行为动作的对象,一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语,充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。
I
Chinese
food.
我喜欢中国菜。
bought
ticket
Milan.
我买了一张去米兰的车票。
enjoyed
talking
you.
我和你谈话很高兴。
Have
finished
dressing?
你衣服穿好了吗?
certainly
did
want
join
them.
他确实不想参加他们的活动。
decided
close
border.
他们决定封闭边境。
hoped
that
would
well.
我们希望一切都会好转。
expected
stay
few
days.
我们预计你会待几天的。
定语
定语为句子的次要成分,起修饰限制名词或代词的作用,可分为前置定语和后置定语。
一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语)
或句子充当。
His
doctor.
他父亲是一名医生。
Mr.
Green
has
two
sons.
格林先生有两个儿子。
girl
under
tree
Kate.
在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。
man
downstairs
couldn’t
sleep
楼下的那个人不能睡好觉。
new
dictionary.
我买了本新字典。
Can
find
out
answer
question?
你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
Would
something
drink?
你想要些喝的东西吗?
A
going
die
always
kind-hearted.
人之将死,其言也善。
suggestion
sent
committee
adopted.
送往委员会的建议被采纳了。
Do
know
who
standing
next
Green?
你认识站在格林先生旁边的那个人吗?
状语
英语中的状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词,主要由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词充当或由连词引导状语从句,表示时间、地点、程度、目的、方式,比较、让步、条件、原因、结果、伴随等。
(1)
时间状语
often
up
at
5:
30
morning.
我常常在早上5:
30起床。
Hearing
news,
they
felt
excited.
听到这个消息,他们感到很兴奋。
(2)
地点状语
Pandas
only
live
China.
熊猫仅生活在中国。
(3)
目的状语
We’ll
beach
picnic
this
Sunday.
这个星期天我们将去沙滩野炊。
took
some
change
his
pocket
buy
newspaper.
他从口袋里掏出一些零钱来买报纸。
She
got
early
she
could
catch
first
她早早地起床,以便能够赶上这辆早班车。
(4)
方式状语
usually
on
foot.
我们通常步行去上学。
Please
as
told
请按我告诉你的去做。
(5)
让步状语
Though
lot
money,
unhappy.
虽然她很有钱,而她并不幸福。
No
matter
what
happens,
will
never
lose
heart.
无论发生什么,我将决不失去信心。
(6)
条件状语
If
don’t
work
hard,
you’ll
fall
behind
others.
假如你不努力学习,你将落后于别人。
Given
more
attention,
flowers
have
grown
better.
如果给予更多的关心的话,这些花将长得更好。
(7)
原因状语
didn’t
park
because
weather.
由于天气不好,我们没有去公园。
Being
ill,
he
school.
由于病了,他没有去上学。
(8)
结果状语
wind
strong
we
hardly
move
forward.
风是如此地猛烈,以致于我们寸步难行。
early,
caught
train.
他早早地离去,(结果)
因此赶上了火车。
(9)
伴随状语
doctor
hurried
off,
with
medicine
arm.
这位医生匆匆离去,胳膊下夹着一个药箱子。
into
classroom,
followed
group
students.
老师进到教室里来,后面跟着一群学生。
宾语补足语
宾语补足语主要用来补充说明宾语,与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系,可由名
词、形容词、动词不定式、分词等充当。
Tom
found
climb
quite
easy.
汤姆觉得爬山很容易。
Pleasecall
me
Jim.
不要这样正规,叫我吉姆好了。
You
must
keep
clean.
你要把它保持干净。
car
waiting.
我让汽车等着。
had
machine
repaired.
我们请人修理了机器。
Why
hair
cut?
你为什么不理发?
finger
cut.
他的手指弄伤了。
my
watch
stolen
我的表昨天被人偷去了。
plenty
clothes
wear.
她有足够的衣服穿。
made
repeat
story.
他要我把那事重讲一遍。
Rain
makes
plants
grow.
雨水使植物生长。
注意:
后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词有
call,
name,
think,
make,
choose
等,后跟形容词作宾语补足语的谓语动词有
keep,
find,
get,
make
等。
动词不定式作宾语补足语时,当谓语动词为感官动词(如
feel,
see,
hear,
notice,
watch,
observe,
listen
to,
look
等),使役动词(如
let,
have,
等),动词不定式不带to
主语补足语
Thedoorwaspaintedwhite.
Theoldmanwasfoundweak.
练习
句子成分练习题(
一
)
(一).
指出下列句中主语
1.
walking
classroom.
2.The
useful
dictionary
given
mother
last
year.
3.
today'
s
homework
without
teacher'
difficult.
选出句中谓语
1.I
don'
t
picture
wall.
②
days
longer
when
summer
comes.
③
bus?
④
There
be
meeting
library
afternoon.
⑤
twins
porridge
breakfast?
⑥
didn'
⑦
What
tell
this.
⑧
better
send
⑨
interested
music.
(三)
挑出下列句中的宾语
①
hasn'
done
homework.
People
over
world
speak
English.
pay
good
attention
pronunciation.
⑤Some
swimming,⑥
old
sitting
gate
said
ill.
.
Go
across
bridge
museum
left.
after
leave
⑩
"
Father
Christmas"
really
is.
(四)
挑出下列句中的表语
feeling
tired.
worried
about
Jim?
leaves
turned
yellow.
Soon
became
subject.
learn
(五)
挑出下列句中的定语
name?
2.
On
third
lap
Class
1
trying
4.Heis
afamous
star.
5.Who’sthat
inred?
6.A
suitcase
doesn’thavehandles
isuseless.
7.Theblue
which
doesn’thavehandles,isuseless.
(六)
挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
likes
children
read
newspapers
books
reading-room.
asked
her
difficult
work.
call
Lily
sometimes.
saw
Mr
Wang
Li
Ming
playing
football
playground
just
now?
挑出句子中的状语
big
smile
face.
Every
night
heard
noise
upstairs.
began
eleven.
With
arm,
Miss
off.
loves
books.
am
afraid
if
you'
ve
lost
it,
Uncle
other
machine.
(八)
划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
us
bike
week.
teach
history
term.
Here
pen.Give
Tom.
any
message
me?
二
指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分:
1.Whether
we’ll
depend
weather
People’s
standards
living
steadily
That
how
were
defeated.
4.The
nursery
takes
care
our
.
5.I’ll
return
tomorrow
6.We
sure
shall
succeed
7.The
woman
baby
arms
8.There
film
I’d
see.
9.Have
met
person
whom
speaking
?
10.I
11.
Anyway
won’t
stop
doing
12.
fun
13.
can
fetch
14.
15.
Seeing
some
comrades
16.
Much
agreed
give
try
17.
bus
arrived
ten
minutes
late
18.
serve
heart
soul.
19.
Spring
coming
green
20.
Some
farmers
strange
sky
21.
think
necessary
everyone
attend
22.
doesn’t
today
23.
24.
drawing
times
isn’t
working
25.
such
hurry
forgot
lock
door.