专题八 情态动词和虚拟语气.docx
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专题八情态动词和虚拟语气
专题八情态动词和虚拟语气
五年级高考
例题剖析
例1Ihavelostoneofmygloves.Iitsomewhere.
A.mustdropB.musthavedropped
C.mustbedroppingD.musthavebeendropped
例2–Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?
–No,itbehim-I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.
A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot
例3–Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?
–Well,ifyouknow,hernameisMabel.
A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall
例4“Theinterestbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.
A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall
例5Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.Isomuchfriedchickenjustnow.
A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeatenC.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat
例6ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifIinloveattheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.
A.wouldn’thavefallenB.hadnotfallen
C.shouldfallD.weretofall
例7Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwiseheagoal.
A.hadscoredB.scoredC.wouldscoreD.wouldhavescored
好题精练
1.—Iheardtheywentskatinginthemountainslastwinter.
—Ittruebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.
A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe
2.HowIwisheveryfamilyalargehousewithabeautifulgarden!
A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad
3.Naturally,afterItoldherewhattodo,mydaughtergoanddotheopposite!
A.mayB.canC.mustD.should
4.LookatthetroubleIamin!
IfonlyIyouradvice.
A.followedB.wouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.shouldfollow
5.—Theroomissodirty.wecleanit?
—Ofcourse.
A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do
6.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebagsbeleftforashorttime,especiallyatrailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will
7.Howyousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?
A.canB.mustC.needD.may
8.Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomersnotlikethedesignofthefurniture.A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need
9.—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—Youherlastweek.
A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold
10.IpayTracyavisit,butI’mnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.
A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could
11.—Idon’tmindtellingyouwhatIknow.—You.I’mnotaskingyouforit.
A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t
12.—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.
—Youhavemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.
A.shan’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.shouldn’t
13.—Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?
—Sorry,Iamnotsure,butitbe.
A.mightB.willC.mustD.can
14.—Mum,I’vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8o’clock.IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?
—No.I’mafraidnot.Besides,it’srainingoutsidenow.
A.Can’tB.Wouldn’tC.MaynotD.Won’t
15.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhours.DoyouthinkIreportittothepolice?
A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can
16.Mr.Whiteat8:
30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.
A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving
17.Youbetired—you’veonlybeenworkingforanhour.
A.mustnotB.won’tC.can’tD.maynot
规律方法
命题规律
1.情态动词和虚拟语气在近几年高考中均是重点项目.根据对以上各题的分析,高考的热点依次是:
①推测和可能性;②“情态动词+havedone”结构;③虚拟语气;④shall,should,can和must表示特定语气.
2.试题的立意不偏不怪,但是有效信息越来越隐蔽,情景越来越生动、真实、考查角度越来越细微化、综合化,而这些因素都增加了试题的难度.
2.解答情态动词的题目时,一定要细细领会情景特征,情景中没有废话,不要放过任何细节.只有这样,才会找到足够的有效信息,做出最佳选择.
3.一定要将上面提到的高考热点落到实处,反复咀嚼,反复演练,确保精通.
知识清单
考点知识清单一情态动词的类型和特征
一、情态动词的类型
1.只有情态动词用的有:
must,can(could),may(might),oughtto;
2.可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有:
need,dare(美语中常用作实义动词)
3.可作情态动词也可作助动词的有:
shall(should),will(would);
4.具有情态动词的某些特征的有:
have(had)to,usedto.
二、情态动词的特征
1.有一定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,它们要和行为动词或连系动词连用,构成谓语.
2.适用于主语的各种人称和数(haveto例叟,主语是第三人称单数时,要用hasto).如:
We(He)mustworkhard.我们(他)一定要努力工作.
Ihavetowalkhome.我得步行回家。
Hehastowalkhome.他得步行回家。
3.后面接原形动词,即不带to的不定式(oughtto,haveto,usedto本身带有to).如:
Hemaylosehisway.他可能迷路.
Yououghttoobeythelaw.你要遵守法律.
4.具有助动词的作用,即可用来构成否句、疑问句及用于简明答语.如:
—Ican’tswim.Canyouswim?
—No,Ican’t,either.—我不会游泳,你会游泳吗?
—我也不会.
考点知识清单二情态动词的用法难点
一、情态动词表可能和推测
1.can/could既可表能力(ability),又可表可能性(possibili-ty),但may只能表示“可能性”,不能表“能力”,beableto只能表能力;could只能表示过去一般性的能力,而was/wereableto+特定行为,则表示的确做成了某事,相当于managedtodosth.was/weresuccessfulindoingsth,succeededindoingsth.;表示将来才具备的能力只能用shall/willbeableto.如:
Whenhewasthree,hecould/wasabletoswim.(用于过去一般性的能力,二者皆可)
Hismotherwasn’tathome,sohewasabletogotothefilm.他母亲不在家,所以他去看电影了.(Hecouldanddidgo.他能够而且的确去了.只能用wasableto)
Thebabywillbeabletowalkinafewweeks.(表示将来的能力,不能用can)
肯定句中,can可以表示客观的可能性,并不牵涉具体的事情是否会发生;要表示某事发生的实际可能性,须用could,may或might.如:
Acciden