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14.koala

15.hedgehog

16.bat

17.seal

18.walrus

19.eagle

20.ostrich

21.cuckoo

22.crow

23.magpie

24.swallow

25.thrush

26.cobra

27.walllizard

28.crocodile

29.alligator

30.toad

1.mare母马

2.mule骡

3.ass驴

4.buffalo水牛

5.swine猪

6.ewe母羊

7.antilope羚羊

8.reindeer驯鹿

9.rhinoceros犀牛

10.hippopotamus河马

11.puma美洲狮

12.hare野兔

20.gorilla大猩猩

22.gibbon长臂猿

23.hedgehog刺猬

27.bat蝙蝠

28.seal海豹

29.walrus海象

30.eagle鹰

31.ostrich鸵鸟

32.cuckoo杜鹃,布谷鸟

33.crow乌鸦

34.magpie喜鹊

35.sparrow麻雀

37.thrush画眉

38.cobra眼镜蛇

39walllizard壁虎

41.crocodile鳄鱼,非洲鳄

42.alligator短吻鳄,美洲鳄

44.toad蟾蜍

一.flock:

多指群居在一起的飞禽、家禽或畜群,尤指羊群。

eg:

Flocksofsheepandgoatsaregrazingontheslope.

成群的绵羊和山羊在山坡上吃草。

二.herd:

指聚集在一起的牛、马、猪等大型畜类、陆上和海洋里的哺乳动物群或以陆栖、水栖的大鸟群。

Theherdofcowswerescatteredoverthefield.

成群的牛遍布在田野上。

三.swarm:

指经常在一起活动的昆虫类的群,尤指蜂群。

Aswarmofbeesarebusywiththeircollecting.

一群蜜蜂在辛勤的采蜜。

四.school:

指鱼、鲸等水族动物的群。

Aschooloffishisswimminginthesea.

一群鱼在海中游。

五.pack:

多指一群一起追猎的食肉动物,尤指狼群和猎犬,也可用来表示一群同类的群居动物,通常指野生动物、飞禽或鱼。

Wolveshuntinlargepacks.

狼成群觅食。

六.brood:

指一窝同时孵出的雏鸡、雏鸟或幼蜂,以及昆虫、鱼等一次产出的幼虫和幼卵。

Ahengatheredabroodofchickensunderherwings.

母鸡把一群小鸡掩在翼下。

七.drove:

常代指一大群动物,尤其是一群结对移动的动物或被驱赶前行的畜群。

Beesflewindrovesaboveherhead.

群蜂围着她转。

八.pride:

指鸟、畜的群,尤指狮子和孔雀。

aprideofpeacocks一群孔雀aprideoflions一群狮子

九.cloud:

指空中成群飞行的昆虫。

acloudoflocust一大群蝗虫

十.flight:

指飞行的鸟群、昆虫群或箭的齐发。

aflightofgeese飞行的一群鹅。

LadybirdBooks

CompanyHistory

Ladybirdbooksareknownandlovedtheworldover.Formillionsofpeople,theybringbackthegoldendaysofchildhood-learningtoread,discoveringthemagicofbooks,andgrowingup.

TheEarlyYears1915-1940s

TheveryfirstLadybirdbookeverwasproducedbyajobbingprintercalledWills&

HepworthduringtheFirstWorldWar.Thecompany,basedinLoughborough,Leicestershire,begantopublish'

pureandhealthyliterature'

forchildren,registeringtheLadybirdlogoin1915.Despitethecompany'

sclaims,however,thosebookswouldnolongerbepoliticallycorrect.IntheABCPictureBook,forexample,Astoodforarmouredtrain!

BunnikinsandDownyDuckling

ItismorethanseventyyearssincethefirstfamiliarpocketsizedLadybirdsawthelightofdayin1940,duringtheSecondWorldWar.AnanimalseriesincludingBunnikinsandDownyDucklingwasaninstanthitwithchildren,whoenjoyedboththefullcolourillustrationsandthestories.Formothersandfathers,thepricewasthething-halfacrown.Realvalueformoney!

(AprinciplethatLadybirdstillmaintain)

Thebooksstayedathalfacrown(2shillingsandsixpence=12andahalfpencetoday)forthirtyyears,becausethe56pagestandardisedformat(madefromjustonesheetsize40inchesby30inches)meantthatqualitybookscouldbeproducedatalowprice.Upto1964,thebooksalsohaddustjackets.Otherpublishershavetriedtocopythefamousformat,butwithsurprisinglylittlesuccess.

1940s-1960sAgreatstepforward

AftertheWar,Ladybirdtookagreatstepforward.Theyknewthatschoolbooks,thoughdull,alwayssoldwell,andtheyexpandedintoeducationalnonfiction.Thiswasagreatinnovation,bringingreallyattractivebooksthatchildrencouldlearnfrom.

Wellknownauthorsandartistswerecommissionedtowriteandillustratebooksonnature,geography,historyandreligion.TheseriesWhattoLookfor:

inSpring,Summer,AutumnandWinterwasillustratedbyCFTunnicliffe,forexample.

Themediaareallpowerfulnowadays,buteveninthefortiesitwasrecognisedthattheirnamescarriedweight.Presenterofradio'

sChildren'

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Thefirstinklingofapossibleglobalmarketcameinthefifties,withthetranslation(intoSwedish)ofChildoftheTemple.Ladybirdbookshavenowbeentranslatedintooversixtylanguages,Arabicsalesaccountingforahighproportion.

Agreatstepforward

Unprecedentedsuccesscameinthe1960s.Inthecourseofhisresearchwithacolleague,JMcNally,WilliamMurrayhadfoundthatjust12wordsmakeup25%ofallthewordswespeak.AndthisledtothelaunchoftheworldrenownedKeyWordsReadingSchemebyLadybirdin1964.Morethan45yearslater,theschemeisstillinprintandhassoldover95millioncopies!

Themethodworks,andchildrenlearntoreadquicklyandeasily.Like'

fallingoffalog'

asWilliamMurrayhimself(hewasaheadmaster)usedtosay.

1960s-1980s

TheLearnaboutbooksofthe60shelpedchildrentodevelopnewinterests,butLadybird'

sfocusonnon-fictionbroughtsomeunusualresults.HowitWorks:

TheMotorCar(publishedin1965)wasusedbyThamesValleypolicedrivingschoolasageneralguide.Althoughoutofprintforsomeyears,itisstillaskedforbydrivingschools.HowitWorks:

TheComputerwasusedbyuniversitylecturerstomakesurethatstudentsstartedatthesamelevel.TwohundredcopiesofthissamebookwereorderedbytheMinistryofDefence.Butitwasaspecialorder,withthebooksinplainbrowncovers,tosaveembarrassment!

In1970-71Wills&

HepworthmovedtoanewsiteinLoughborough,andthenamefinallybecameLadybirdBooksin1971.Justoneyearlater,thecompanywastakenoverbythePearsonGroup,whoatthattimealsoownedLongmans,theFinancialTimesandWestminsterPress,aswellasdiverseinterestssuchasMadameTussaud'

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Overthe70s,thelistgrewtoincludebothpopularclassicsandtheReadityourselfseries(PrinceWilliamwasonceseenwithaReadityourselfbook).

Withthe80s,Ladybirdbrokeawayfromnowestablishedtraditiontoproducemanydifferentformats.Inthestandardsize,however,thePuddleLanereadingschemefor3-6yearoldsprovedpopular.AndtheCharlesandDianaweddingbookin1981-producedinfivedaysandfirstonthestreets-soldoneandahalfmillioncopies.

1990sLadyDiana

1990sawthefiftiethanniversaryofthenow-familiar,pocket-sizedLadybirdbook.Thislandmarkwasmarkedbyanumberofpromotionalevents,thehighlightbeingavisitbytheHRHThePrincessofWalesinApril.Over10,000peoplefollowedinherfootstepsonanOpenDayintheproductiondepartments.Hersuddendeathin1997sawLadybirdproduceatributebookwhichsoldover380,000copies,raising£

64,000fortheDiana,PrincessofWalesMemorialFund.

In1993theinnovativebabyrange'

FirstFocus'

waslaunched,winningaprestigiousGoldAwardforUnder2sfromMother&

BabymagazineintheUK.

ItwasalsooneoftheGoodToyAwardWinnersin1995.'

tookLadybirdawayfromthestandardformatintoexcitingnewterritorysuchasbathandpaddedclothbooks,layingthefoundationsforLadybird'

saward-winningBabyTouchrange.

Theturnofthemillenniummarked60yearssinceitsfirstbook,BunnikinsPicnicParty,waspublished.ThistitlewasreprintedalongsideotherclassicssuchasTheGingerbreadManandTheElvesandtheShoemakerincelebration.

In1999,after85yearsofprintingandpublishing,LadybirdleftLoughboroughtobefullyintegratedwithinPenguin.

Ladybirdtoday

Today,LadybirdispartofPenguinChildren’sBooksalongsidealongsidePuffin,FrederickWarne,SunbirdandBBCChildren'

sBooks,andcontinuestoevolvewiththeneedsoftoday’sparentsandchildren.Alongsideitsfamouslearningtoreadseries,traditionaltalesandinnovativeformats,Ladybird’sportfoliohasgrowntoincludesomeofthemostpopularchildren’sbrandsintheworldincludingPeppaPig,HelloKitty,andLego.

Ladybirdisalsoaninnovatorindigitalpublishing,helpingtoguidechildrenthroughimportantlearningmilestonesandsupportthemduringeverystageoftheirdevelopmentvianewdigitalplatforms.Forinstance,theBabyTouch:

PeekabooandBabyTouch:

HappyBabiesapps-anextensionofthebest-sellingbooks-areinteractive‘peekaboo’gamesspecificallydesignedtohelpababy’seyetrackingskills,hearingabilityandmotorskills.YoucanreadmoreaboutLadybird’seBooksandappsincludingPeppaPig:

StarsandLadybirdClassicMeBooksviathePenguinChildren’sDigitalpage.

Ladybird’sextensiverangeoftoddlerbooksusesrhyme,storiesandsongsinfun,sturdyformatstogivechildrenaheadstartinlearning.Ladybird’swell-lovedTopsyandTimbooks,writtenbyJeanAdamson,celebratedits50yearanniversaryin2009.Sincethen,theadventuroustwinshavenowbranchedouttoincludeinteractivestoriesandaTopsyandTimStartSchoolapptohelpchildrenpreparefortheirfirstdayofschool.

Fosteringanearlyloveofbooksisessentialtoencouragingreadingconfidenceinyoungchildren,andLadybirdiscommittedtosupportingparents,teachersandchildreneverystepoftheway.Ladybird’sflagshiplearningtoreadseries,KeyWordswithPeterandJane,hasachievedunparalleledsuccessforover45years,andstillremainsafavouritewithparentsandteachersaroundtheglobe.Basedonthe‘lookandsay’approachtoreading,itremainsthesimplestandeasiestwayofteachingchildrentoread,stepbystep,levelbylevel.Aschildrengaintheirconfidencewithreading,Ladybird’sReadityourselfseriesguidesthemontheirjourneytowardsindependentreading,andSuperheroPhonicReadersfurthersupportstheirphonictraininglearnedinschool.

Ladybirdalsooffersawidevarietyoffreeadviceandresources,children’sgam

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