介词的用法 中考专练Word文档格式.docx
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both
11.-Mum,do
we
have________meat
at
home?
-No,we
have_____left.
A.enough;
little
B.lots
of;
any
C.much;
many
D.a
few;
few
12.The
desks
Class
One
are
more
than_______.
A.that
Two
B.Class
Two
C.these
D.those
Two
14.He
may
run
fast
for______to
catch
up
with.
A.everybody
B.somebody
C.nobody
D.anybody
15.He
fall
behind______students
when
he
comes
back.
A.other
B.others
C.the
other
others
5.---Whichdoyouprefer,abottleoforangeorabottleofmilk?
---______________,thanks.I’dlikeacupoftea.
A.EitherB.NeitherC.BothD.None
12.Ifyouwanttobookaround-tripticket,you’llhavetopay______$30.
A.moreB.otherC.theotherD.another
16.---Thatwomanhasabaginherrighthand.What’sinher_____hand?
A.anotherB.otherC.oneD.theother
17.Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof_______.
A.usB.ourC.oursD.ourselves
2)介词练习
1.____thedaytimethestreetsarecrowdedbut_____nighttheyarequiet.
A.At,inB.For,byC.By,forD.In,at
2.Atsunami(海啸)happenedinsomesouthernAsiancountries___December,2004.
A.atB.onC.inD.by
3.____springthetreesturngreenandtheflowersstarttocomeout.
A.InB.OnC.AtD.From
4.Iwasborn_____July2,andmybirthdayiscomingsoon.
A.forB.atC.inD.on
5.―WhendidyoucomebackfromBeijing?
―____themorningofApril18th.
A.AtB.WithinC.OnD.In
6.Theaccidenthappened_____acoldwinternight.
A.inB.onC.atD.of
7.I’llstayhere_____youcomeback.
A.byB.fromC.tillD.since
8.―Whycouldn’tyougettoHongKongthatnight?
―Because_____10:
30allthetrainshadleftthestation.
A.ofB.atC.byD.until
9.Theyoungmanhadworkedinthesmallvillage_____theyearof1972.
A.duringB.onC.forD.by
10.―Jolin,howlonghaveyoubeenateacher?
―______theendoflastmonth,afterJolin’sEnglishDictionaryBookcameout.
A.SinceB.InC.ByD.At
2、介词用法详解
介词
介词是一种虚词,不能单独充当句子成分,但可以与名词、代词或其他词类、短语或从句组成介词短语,在句中作状语、定语、表语和宾语补足语。
介词可分类如下:
常见介词基本用法:
介词
意义
常用搭配
about
大约,关于
worryabout,Whatabout…?
talkabout
across
横越,经过
goacross
after
在…之后
lookafter,afterschool,afterteno’clock
among
在…之间(三个或以上)
amongfriends,amongthemountains
at
在(某时刻、状态、速度、价钱等)
atwork,atapriceof,arriveat,atthemoment,
attheageof,throwat,begoodat
before
在…前
beforeclass,beforelunch
between
在两者之间
between…and
by
在…旁边,通过(方式),乘(车),到…止
bybus,bytheendof,bylastyear
during
在…期间
duringthesummerholiday
for
为了,向,因为
leavefor,begoodfor,forawhile
from
从,自,离
from… to,comefrom,hearfrom
in
在…里,用(语言),穿
inaweek,inspring,in2003,intime,inEnglish,inblue,spend…indoing
like
像
looklike
of
……的
amapofChina,hearof,awasteoftime
off
离开,脱离
takeoff,turnoff
on
在……上,在某天(的早上等),在进行,关于
onduty,onbusiness,onholiday,onSaturday,
onthemorningofApril
over
在……上方,超过
allovertheworld,overtheriver,
goover,lookover
since
自从
since2001,sincelastyear,sincetwoyearsago
through
通过(从内部),经过
gothrough
to
到……,朝
getto,gotothezoo,toone’ssurprise
under
在……下面
underthetree
with
和,对……,用,附带有
withthehelpof,help…with,comeupwith,
talkwith,playwith,bestrictwith
without
没有
withouthelp,withoutbreakfast
几组易混介词的区别:
1.in,at,on表示时间、地点的区别
指时间时,in表示一段时间,如:
年、月、星期、四季或morning,afternoon,evening(注意:
noon,night前用at),但当morning或Sunday等前有this,that,next,last等词修饰时,介词须省去。
at多用于钟点时刻前,所表示的时间大多比较短暂,如:
atseven,ataquartertoeleven
on主要用在星期几、具体某一天或某一天的早、午、晚或节日前,如:
onMid-AutumnDay,OnJune2nd等。
指地点时,in表示“国家”“城市”等大地方,如:
inShanghai,inChina等;
at表示某一点或用于小地点前。
in表示“在…里面、内部、某一范围内”,on表示“在…上”,注意比较:
onthetree表示树上长的东西“在树上”
inthetree表示人或其他东西“在树上”
onthewall表示东西张贴或挂“在墙上”
inthewall表示门、窗等嵌“在墙上”
2.in,to,on表示方位的区别
in表示在某一地区之内的方位(属于该范围);
on表示与某一地区的毗邻关系;
to表示在某一地区之外的某方位(不属于该范围)。
它们所表示的位置关系恰似数学中圆的“包含(in)、相离(to)、相切(on)”关系。
e.g.ShandongisintheeastofChina.
JapanistotheeastofChina.
NorthKoreaisontheeastofChina.
3.between和among的区别
Between常指“在……(两者)之间”;
among用于指“在…(三者或三者以上的人或物)之间。
e.g.Thebookshopisbetweenthepostofficeandthepolicestation.
Heissittingamongtheboysandtellingthemstories.
4.over、above和on的区别
above和over都表示“在……上方”,above指在上方的任意一点,表示在某物上的高低位置,不接触,其反义词是below;
over一般指垂直方向,其反义词是under;
on表示“在…上面”,且互相接触。
e.g.Theplaneisflyingaboveusinthesky.
Thereisabridgeovertheriver.
Thereisabookonthedesk.
5.since和for的区别
since后常接时间点,表示“从…时候以来”;
for后常接时间段,表示“多长时间了”。
e.g.Ihavehadthebooksincelastmonth.
Ihavehadthebookforamonth.
6.infrontof和in/atthefrontof的区别
infrontof指“在某人或某物的前面(范围之外)”;
in/atthefrontof指“在某一物体或空间范围的前部(范围之内)”。
e.g.Thereisatalltreeinfrontofthehouse.
Ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom.
7.in和after表示“时间”时的区别
in和after表示时间时都是“在……以后”的意思,in表示从现在算起到若干时间以后,用于一般将来时、过去将来时;
in只可接时间段,after除接时间段以外,还可接时间点。
e.g.He’llbebackinhalfanhour.
Tomcamehomeafterhefinishedthework..
8.until和by的区别
by意为“不迟于某时间”,其前多用短暂性动词;
until用于否定句中,意为“直到…才”,其前的谓语动词多用短暂的;
用在肯定句中,意为“直到…为止”,其前谓语动词须用延续性动词。
e.g.Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhismothercameback.
Ihadlearned3,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastyear.
9.besides和except的区别
Except表示“除…之外”(不再有)”,指从整体中排除except所带的人或物,前面常有all,every,any,no及其他复合词,但在否定句中,except却没有排斥性;
besides表示“除了…之外(还有)”,它的意义是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物,其前常有another,other,anyother,afew等词。
e.g.WeallwenttothecinemaexceptLiLeilastnight.
WehaveseenthefilmbesidesTomandJane.
10.ofsb.与forsb.的区别
(1)ofsb.表示“对于(某人)”,用于Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.句型中,形容词为clever,kind,nice等描述人物性格特征的词,of后的人物与形容词有主表关系。
e.g.It’skindofyoutohelpme.(Youarekind.)
(2)forsb.表示“对于(某人)”,用于Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.句型中,形容词为easy,important等不是描述人物性格特征的词,for后的人物与形容词没有主表关系。
e.g.It’simportantforyoutofinishthework..
四、“动词+介词”和“动词+副词”的区别
英语中动词短语有两类:
“动词+介词”“动词+副词”。
前者宾语只可放在介词后,后者当宾语为名词时可放在副词之前或之后,当宾语为代词时则放在动词和副词之间。
“动词+介词”:
lookafter,looklike,lookat,arriveat,getto,listento,talkwith,agreeto,agreewith,pointat,hearfrom等。
e.g.Thebuildinglookslikeakite.
“动词+副词”:
puton,takeoff,turnon/off/up/down,putaway,writedown,lookup,tryon等。
e.g.Pleasetakeoffyourcoat.It’shothereintheroom.
OK.I’lltakeitoffatonce.
同步练习:
1.__________theafternoonofApril30th,manyforeignvisitorsarrived_________Shanghai.
A.In;
atB.On;
inC.On;
to
2.---IjoinedtheLeague________May2008.Whataboutyou?
---I’vebeenaLeaguemember________threeyears.
A.in;
forB.on;
inC.on;
forD.in;
since
3.---Whattimedoyouexpctmeback,Mum?
---Say,________halfanhour.
A.atB.beforeC.inD.for
4.MrYang’sdaughterisprettygood_______drawingpicturesandwonmanyprizes.
A.withB.forC.inD.at
5.People________thesouthwestofChinawereingreatneedofwateracoupleofmonthsago.
A.inB.atC.toD.on
6.Remembertospendsometime_________yourlovedones,becausethey’renotgoingtobearoundforever.
A.fromB.withC.inD.on
7.---Whendidyourunclearrive________China?
---HegottoGuangzhou_______themorningofthe16thofApril..
A.at;
inB.in;
inC.to;
onD.in;
on
8.You’dbetternotalwayslookupthenewwords_________thedictionarywhilereading.Sometimesweneedtoguess.
A.inB.onC.atD.from
9.---It’sveryimportant_______ustomakeaplanbeforeanewterm.
---Yes.Youmusttrytomakeitcarefully.
A.ofB.forC.to
10.---Guess,howmuchdoesitcost?
---Ithinkitcosts_________15and20dollars.
A.fromB.betweenC.amongD.with
11.Herearesomeflowers_________you________ourbestwishes.
A.to;
forB.for;
withC.of;
toD.from;
12.Manykindsofwildanimalsare___________.Wemustdosomethingtosavetime.
A.infactB.onholidayC.ontimeD.indanger
13.---Itissaidthatanewzoowillbebuiltinourtown.
---I’m_________it.Zoosareterribleforanimals.
A.throughB.besidesC.againstD.except
14.DoyouknowthatFujianis_______thewestofTaiwan?
A.toB.inC.on
15.---Whenwereyouborn?
---Iwasborn_________themorningofMay7th,1995.
A.inB.onC.at
16.---Isthetiemade_______silk?
---Yes.It’smade________Italy.
A.from;
inB.of;
inC.from;
ofD.of;
from
17.---Canyouseesomepeoplearewaiting________thelibrary?
---Yes.Theyarestandinginaqueueinfrontofitsgate.
A.aroundB.insideC.outside
18.Ilikeflowers.I’mgoingtobuyahouse__________asmallgardeninfrontofit.
A.inB.nearC.withD.between
强化训练:
1.---Whendoyouusuallygowalking?
---_______Fridayevening.
A.OnB.InC.AtD.For
2.Ithinkthestreetistoonarrowforbusestogo________.
A.inB.onC.acrossD.through
3.I’dliketoseesomeplacesofinterest______thesouthofChina.
4.Whatdoyoumean__________“fastfood”,please?
A.forB.inC.byD.with
5.Ihavetogotowork______foottomorrow,becausethereissomethingwrong_______mybike.
A.on;
aboutB.with;
aboutC.by;
withD.on;
with
6.---Canyoutellmethedifferences_______thethreewords?
---Sorry.Idon’tknow.
A.amongB.betweenC.withD.about
7.Theseshoesarequitedifferent________size.
A.fromB.ofC.toD.in
8.---Haveyoueverheard________Mr.Green?
---Yes,justalittle.He’safamousdoctor.
A