1997考研英语真题Word格式文档下载.docx

1997考研英语真题Word格式文档下载.docx

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4itseconomycontinuestorecover,theUSisincreasinglybecominganationofpart-timersandtemporaryworkers.This“5”workforceisthemostimportant6inAmericanbusinesstoday,anditis7changingtherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheirjobs.Thephenomenonprovidesawayforcompaniestoremaingloballycompetitive8avoidingmarketcyclesandthegrowingburdens9byemploymentrules,healthcarecostsandpensionplans.Forworkersitcanmeananendtothesecurity,benefitsandsenseof10thatcamefrombeingaloyalemployee.

1.［A］swarm［B］stride［C］separate［D］slip

2.［A］For［B］Because［C］As［D］Since

3.［A］from［B］in［C］on［D］by

4.［A］Eventhough［B］Nowthat［C］Ifonly［D］Providedthat

5.［A］durable［B］disposable［C］available［D］transferable

6.［A］approach［B］flow［C］fashion［D］trend

7.［A］instantly［B］reversely［C］fundamentally［D］sufficiently

8.［A］but［B］while［C］and［D］whereas

9.［A］imposed［B］restricted［C］illustrated［D］confined

10.［A］excitement［B］conviction［C］enthusiasm［D］importance

PartⅡReadingComprehension

Directions:

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets.（40points）

Passage1

Itwas3:

45inthemorningwhenthevotewasfinallytaken.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia’sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesofincurablyillpatientswhowishtodie.Themeasurepassedbytheconvincingvoteof15to10.AlmostimmediatelywordflashedontheInternetandwaspickedup,halfaworldaway,byJohnHofsess,executivedirectoroftheRighttoDieSocietyofCanada.Hesentitonviathegroup’son-lineservice,DeathNET.SaysHofsess:

“Wepostedbulletinsalldaylong,becauseofcoursethisisn’tjustsomethingthathappenedinAustralia.It’sworldhistory.”

Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosinkin.TheNTRightsoftheTerminallyIlllawhasleftphysiciansandcitizensaliketryingtodealwithitsmoralandpracticalimplications.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,includingchurches,right-to-lifegroupsandtheAustralianMedicalAssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofitspassage.Butthetideisunlikelytoturnback.InAustralia—whereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart—otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia.IntheUSandCanada,wheretheright-to-diemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling.

UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeath—probablybyadeadlyinjectionorpill—toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera“coolingoff”periodofsevendays,thepatientcansignacertificateofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsofTerminallyIlllawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:

aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition.“I’mnotafraidofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI’dgo,becauseI’vewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,”hesays.

11.Fromthesecondparagraphwelearnthat 

.

［A］theobjectiontoeuthanasiaisslowtocomeinothercountries

［B］physiciansandcitizenssharethesameviewoneuthanasia

［C］changingtechnologyischieflyresponsibleforthehastypassageofthelaw

［D］ittakestimetorealizethesignificanceofthelaw’spassage

12.Whentheauthorsaysthatobserversarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling,hemeans 

［A］observersaretakingawait-and-seeattitudetowardsthefutureofeuthanasia

［B］similarbillsarelikelytobepassedintheUS,Canadaandothercountries

［C］observersarewaitingtoseetheresultofthegameofdominoes

［D］theeffect-takingprocessofthepassedbillmayfinallycometoastop

13.WhenLloydNicksondies,hewill 

［A］facehisdeathwithcalmcharacteristicofeuthanasia

［B］experiencethesufferingofalungcancerpatient

［C］haveanintensefearofterriblesuffering

［D］undergoacoolingoffperiodofsevendays

14.Theauthor’sattitudetowardseuthanasiaseemstobethatof 

［A］opposition［B］suspicion［C］approval［D］indifference

Passage2

AreportconsistentlybroughtbackbyvisitorstotheUSishowfriendly,courteous,andhelpfulmostAmericansweretothem.Tobefair,thisobservationisalsofrequentlymadeofCanadaandCanadians,andshouldbestbeconsideredNorthAmerican.Thereare,ofcourse,exceptions.Small-mindedofficials,rudewaiters,andill-manneredtaxidriversarehardlyunknownintheUS.Yetitisanobservationmadesofrequentlythatitdeservescomment.

Foralongperiodoftimeandinmanypartsofthecountry,atravelerwasawelcomebreakinanotherwisedullexistence.Dullnessandlonelinesswerecommonproblemsofthefamilieswhogenerallyliveddistantfromoneanother.Strangersandtravelerswerewelcomesourcesofdiversion,andbroughtnewsoftheoutsideworld.

Theharshrealitiesofthefrontieralsoshapedthistraditionofhospitality.Someonetravelingalone,ifhungry,injured,orill,oftenhadnowheretoturnexcepttothenearestcabinorsettlement.Itwasnotamatterofchoiceforthetravelerormerelyacharitableimpulseonthepartofthesettlers.Itreflectedtheharshnessofdailylife:

ifyoudidn’ttakeinthestrangerandtakecareofhim,therewasnooneelsewhowould.Andsomeday,remember,youmightbeinthesamesituation.

Todaytherearemanycharitableorganizationswhichspecializeinhelpingthewearytraveler.Yet,theoldtraditionofhospitalitytostrangersisstillverystrongintheUS,especiallyinthesmallercitiesandtownsawayfromthebusytouristtrails.“Iwasjusttravelingthrough,gottalkingwiththisAmerican,andprettysoonheinvitedmehomefordinner—amazing.”SuchobservationsreportedbyvisitorstotheUSarenotuncommon,butarenotalwaysunderstoodproperly.ThecasualfriendlinessofmanyAmericansshouldbeinterpretedneitherassuperficialnorasartificial,butastheresultofahistoricallydevelopedculturaltradition.

Asistrueofanydevelopedsociety,inAmericaacomplexsetofculturalsignals,assumptions,andconventionsunderliesallsocialinterrelationships.And,ofcourse,speakingalanguagedoesnotnecessarilymeanthatsomeoneunderstandssocialandculturalpatterns.Visitorswhofailto“translate”culturalmeaningsproperlyoftendrawwrongconclusions.Forexample,whenanAmericanusestheword“friend”,theculturalimplicationsofthewordmaybequitedifferentfromthoseithasinthevisitor’slanguageandculture.Ittakesmorethanabriefencounteronabustodistinguishbetweencourteousconventionandindividualinterest.Yet,beingfriendlyisavirtuethatmanyAmericansvaluehighlyandexpectfrombothneighborsandstrangers.

15.Intheeyesofvisitorsfromtheoutsideworld 

.

［A］rudetaxidriversarerarelyseenintheUS

［B］small-mindedofficialsdeserveaseriouscomment

［C］Canadiansarenotsofriendlyastheirneighbors

［D］mostAmericansarereadytoofferhelp

16.Itcouldbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat 

［A］cultureexercisesaninfluenceoversocialinterrelationship

［B］courteousconventionandindividualinterestareinterrelated

［C］variousvirtuesmanifestthemselvesexclusivelyamongfriends

［D］socialinterrelationshipsequalthecomplexsetofculturalconventions

17.Familiesinfrontiersettlementsusedtoentertainstrangers 

.

［A］toimprovetheirhardlife

［B］inviewoftheirlong-distancetravel

［C］toaddsomeflavortotheirowndailylife

［D］outofacharitableimpulse

18.Thetraditionofhospitalitytostrangers 

［A］tendstobesuperficialandartificial

［B］isgenerallywellkeptupintheUnitedStates

［C］isalwaysunderstoodproperly

［D］hassomethingtodowiththebusytouristtrails

Passage3

Technically,anysubstanceotherthanfoodthataltersourbodilyormentalfunctioningisadrug.Manypeoplemistakenlybelievethetermdrugrefersonlytosomesortofmedicineoranillegalchemicaltakenbydrugaddicts.Theydon’trealizethatfamiliarsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccoarealsodrugs.Thisiswhythemoreneutraltermsubstanceisnowusedbymanyphysiciansandpsychologists.Thephrase“substanceabuse”isoftenusedinsteadof“drugabuse”tomakeclearthatsubstancessuchasalcoholandtobaccocanbejustasharmfullymisusedasheroinandcocaine.

Weliveinasocietyinwhichthemedicalandsocialuseofsubstances（d