可用不定式宾语补足语的动词Word下载.docx
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在英语中,动词不定式可以作动词的宾语补足语。
其中,有11.5个动词在要求不定式作宾补时,要将动词不定式的小品词“to”省略掉,这11.5个动词是:
see(看见),watch(观看),lookat(看,瞧),notice(看,注意),observe(看到,注意到)(以上五个单词都算作“看”字之列);
hear(听),listen(听)(以上两个单词属“听”字之列);
let(使,让);
make(使),have(使,让)(以上三个算作使役动词);
feel(感觉),以上共10个动词。
最后还有动词help(帮助)作谓语时,其后不定式作宾补可带to,也可以不带to,故它算0.5个动词。
这11.5个动词去一个个记住较困难,若采用以下三个口诀中的一种记它们就比较简单了。
请看:
(A)
不定式,作宾补,11个半动词后省to:
hear,see,watch,observe,look
at,feel,notice和listento;
make,have,let和help,通用句型如hearyoudo。
例:
1)IoftenhearthegirlsinginEnglish.
2)Thebossoftenmadethemworklonghours.
(B)
宾补省to有习惯,只有动词十一个半:
“让”“说”“注意”和“帮助”,两“使”两“听”加“四看”。
(C)
五“看”二“听”一“感觉”,三个“使役”紧跟着。
一个“帮助”两均可,牢记保你不出错!
有些动词或短语只接动名词做宾语:
allow,consider,enjoy,finish,mind,miss,delay,practice,feellike,
can’thelp,giveup,keep(on),avoid避开,躲开,stand(忍受),lookforwardto期待,期望,feellike想要做某事,prevent…from,阻止can'
thelp禁不住,不由自主迫不及待,be/getusedto,beworthdoing,bebusydoing
既可接不定式,又可接动名词的动词:
有些动词后接宾语时,既可接不定式,又可接动名词,但有区别。
如
1.liketodo“喜欢做某事”,指一次性动作。
如Iliketoswiminthisrivernow.
likedoing“喜欢做某事”,指习惯性动作。
如Ilikeswimming.
类似的还有:
disliketodo/doing(“不喜欢做某事”),hatetodo/doing(“讨厌做某事”),
lovetodo/doing(“热爱做某事”),prefertodo/doing(“更喜欢做某事”)。
2.remembertodo“记得要去做某事”如Sherememberedtoseeherparentsthenextday.
rememberdoing“记得做过某事”如Irememberedmeetingheryesterday.
3.forgettodo“忘了要去做某事”如Theyalwaysforgettohavelunchwhentheyarebusy.
forgetdoing“忘了做过某事”如IforgotphoningTom,soIphonedhimthesecondtime.
4.trytodo“试图(尽力)做某事”如Hetriedtocatchtheearlybusandhegotonitatlast.
trydoing“试图(试着)做某事”如Itriedgettingonwellwiththenewstudents.
5.meantodo“打算做某事”如Jackmeanttohelpothers.
meandoing“意味着做某事”如Drinkingmeanswastingyourlife.
6.needtodo“需要做某事”(主语必须是人)如Weneedtohavearest.
needdoing“需要做某事”(主语必须是物)如Thebikeneedsmending.(=Thebikeneedstobemended)
7.wanttodo“想要做某事”(主语必须是人)如Wewanttohavearest.
wantdoing“想要做某事”(主语必须是物)如Thebikewantsmending.(=Thebikewantstobemended)
8.begintodo与begindoing都译作“开始做某事”,二者可以混用。
但是begindoing更强调动作不但开始,而且一直持续下去。
如Thebabybegancryinghard.
而在下类情况下只用begintodo,不用begindoing:
○1当主语是物时。
如Itbegantosnow.
○2当begin用进行时的时候。
如Thetrainisbeginningtoleave.
○3当begin后接表示心理活动的动词(如think,understand,know)时。
如Shebegantounderstandherparents.
注:
begin的用法完全适用于start。
9.goontodo“继续做某事”,指做不同的事。
如AfterreadingEnglish,shewentontolearnmath.
goondoing“继续做某事”,指做同一件事,相当于_goonwithsth。
如WhenIwaswritingaletter,someoneknockedatthedoor.Iopenedthedoorandthenwentonwritingtheletter(=…wentonwiththeletter).
10.continuetodo“继续做某事”,指做不同的事。
如AfterreadingEnglish,shecontinuedtolearnmath.
continuedoing“继续做某事”,指做同一件事。
如WhenIwaswritingaletter,someoneknockedthedoor.Iopenedthedoorandthencontinuedwritingtheletter.
11.beusedtodo“被用来做某事”如Dictionariesareusedtolookupwords.
beusedtodoing“习惯于做某事”如Heisusedtoexercisinginthemorning.
12.try后接不定式表示设法去做某事,接动名词表示做某事试试(看有何效果)。
如:
Trytobeseriousforamoment.设法正经一会儿。
Tryphoninghishomenumber.给他家里打个电话试试。
13.stoptodosth表示停下做另一件事,stopdoingsth表示停止正在做的事
Ⅰ.单项选择
()1.—Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?
—Sorry,Ihavealotofhousework .
A.todoB.doneC.doD.tobedone
()2.—ItriedtomakeKate hermind,butIfoundithard.
—Well,Isawyou thatwhenIwentpast.
A.changes;
do B.changes;
doing
C.tochange;
do D.change;
()3.—Oh,Ihadaterribletoothache.
—You’dbetter seeadoctorandhaveyourbadteeth out.
A.goto;
pullingB.togoto;
pulled
C.goto;
pulledD.togoto;
pulling
()4.—MrWang,Ihavetrouble thetext.
—Remember itthreetimesbeforeyoubegintounderstandit.
A.tounderstand;
readingB.understanding;
reading
C.understanding;
toreadD.tounderstand;
toread
()5.Don’tworry.Wewilldoanythingwecan you.
A.helpB.tohelpC.behelpedD.helped
()6.—Didyouletanyone theflowers?
—Yes,Ihadtheflowers .
A.towater;
waterB.towater;
watered
C.water;
tobewateredD.water;
watered
()7.Wouldyoumind meafavour?
A.doB.todoC.doingD.did
()8.—Whynot theMusicClub?
—Sorry,Ican’tsingordance.
A.tojoinB.joinC.joiningD.joinin
()9.Nomatterhowharditis,we’llkeep untilwemakeit.
A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying
()10.Whathappenedtotheboy?
Hetried myquestions.
A.toavoidanswering B.avoidinganswering
C.toavoidtoanswer D.avoidingtoanswer
()11.Wecouldn’thelp whenUncleWangtoldusthenews.
A.laughB.laughedC.laughingD.tolaugh
()12.—WhatshouldIdo,doctor?
— healthy,youshouldtakemoreexercise.
A.KeepB.KeepingC.TokeepD.Havingkept
()13.Ittookmydaughtertwoweeks thenovels byLiuYong.
A.read;
written B.toread;
written
C.reading;
towrite D.toread;
wrote
()14.—Willyoupleaseshowmehowtodotherole-playexercise?
—Sure.Nowletmetellyou first.
A.whichtodoB.howtodo
C.whentodoD.whattodo
()15.Whenclassbegins,westop totheteachercarefully.
A.listeningB.tolistenC.listensD.listen
Ⅱ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.I’mveryglad (hear)thatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinthepast30yearsinourhometown.
2.Hewasmade (finish)alotofworkduringtheholiday.
3.You’dbetter (nottake)thetrousersaway.Trythemonfirst.
4.Nowallthestudentsareverybusy (get)readyforthecomingexam.
5.Hasthedoctorallowedher (get)outofbed?
6.Ifeellike (give)upMathsbecauseit’shardtolearn.
7.That’stheendoftheprogramme.Thanksfor (listen).
8. (do)morningexercisesisgoodforourhealth.
9.Wearelookingforwardto (meet)anewclassmatefromAmerica.
10.It’sverykindofyou (tell)meaboutit.
11.—Hi,MrWang,couldyouhelpme (work)outtheproblem?
—OK,letmetry.
12.Idon’tthinkiteasyforher (finish)theworkintwodays.
13.Thedoctoradvisedme (noteat)toomuchcandy.
14.Look!
Thereisapetdog (lie)ontheground.Let’sgoandplaywithit.
15.Ifyouwanttobehealthy,youaresupposedtogiveup (smoke).
8、这个世界并不是掌握在那些嘲笑者的手中,而恰恰掌握在能够经受得住嘲笑与批忍不断往前走的人手中。
9、障碍与失败,是通往成功最稳靠的踏脚石,肯研究、利用它们,便能从失败中培养出成功。
10、在真实的生命里,每桩伟业都由信心开始,并由信心跨出第一步。