高一英语必修一定语从句汇总Word格式.docx
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Theyhadaradiowhich/thatcouldsendoutmessage.(主语)
2.Thegirlismybestfriend.Shespokejustnow.
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3.Healwaysbuyssomebooks.Heneverreadthem.
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注意点:
1.)定语从句一般直接跟在先行词的后面:
e.g.4.Themanwholivesnextdoorsellsvegetables.
Themansellsvegetableswholivesnextdoor.(×
)
5.Thecarwhichmyunclejustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.
Thecarwasdestroyedintheearthquakewhichmyunclejustbought.(×
2.)关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略:
e.g.6.Theyoungman(whom)yousawwasourmanager.
7.Thereissomething(that)wemustkeepinmind.
找出句中的从句并圈出先行词说出关系代词在从句中的成分
1.Themanwhotoldmethenewsrefusedtogivemethename.
2.TheairlinehasabookletwhichwilltellyoumostoftheimportantthingsaboutatriptoEurope.
3.Hefoundadollarbillthathehadforgotteninasuit.
4.Heisthemanwhomweallrespect.
5.Thereissomebodywhowantstoseeyou.
6.ThehouseIwouldliketobuyisnotforsale.
7.Thebicyclemyunclegavemewasveryexpensive.
whose的用法:
关系代词与其后的名词构成所有格,即“的”时,它既可以修饰指人的先行词,也可以修饰指物的先行词。
e.g.1.Thegirlismydaughter.Herworkgotthefirstprize.
Thegirlwhoseworkgotthefirstprizeismydaughter.
2.Thebookisnotmine.Thecoverofitisred.
Thebookwhosecoverisredisnotmine(Thebookthecoverofwhichisredisnotmine)
3.Doyouknowanyone?
HisfamilyisinXi’an.
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4.Iliveintheroom.Thewindowsofitfacesouth.
5.Thechairhasbeenrepaired.Thelegofitwasbroken.
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1、限制性定语从句:
从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。
e.g.Iwastheonlypersoninourofficewhowasinvited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整)
2、非限制性定语从句:
从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。
形式上用逗号隔开,不能that用引导。
e.g.Tom’sfather,whoisoversixty,stillworksharddayandnight.
(who引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子可分成两句来翻译)
that与which的区别
1)用that而不用which的情况
①先行词为不定代词all,anything,nothing,,little,few,muchsomethingsomeone
;
②先行词有最高级修饰,有序数词修饰;
③先行词有theonly,thevery,any,thesame,thelast等词修饰;
④先行词既有人又有物时。
5.避免重复
Whoisthepersonthatisstandingthere?
e.g.Thereisnothingthatcanpreventhimfromdoingit.没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。
ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
______________________________________这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
_______________________________________史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。
2)用which而不用that的情况:
①引导非限制性定语从句;
②指代前面整个主句的意思;
③介词+关系代词。
e.g.Hehadfailedinthemathsexam,whichmadehisfatherveryangry.
Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.
1.Whatistheaddressofthefactorywhoseadvertisementwenoticedtheotherday.
2.Isawsometreeswhoseleaveswereblackwithdisease.
3.ItwasameetingwhoseimportanceIdidn’trealizeatthetime.
4.TheGreatWallwasthefirstplacethatwenttovisitwhiletheywereinChina.
5.MissSmith,whoyoumetatourhouse,isgoingtomarryMr.Harry.
6.Hefailedintheexam,whichmadehisclassmatessurprised.
关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时,介词常可以提前,但介词提前时,关系代词只能用which或whom
e.g.1.Themanisafamousrunner.Youtalkedtohimjustnow.
Themantowhomyoutalkjustnowisafamousrunner.
2.Thechairismadeofwood.Heissittingonitnow.
Thechaironwhichheissittingnowismadeofwood.
3.Heisalibraryassistant.Iborrowedsomebooksfromhim.
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4.Itisafamousschool.Hegraduatedfromit3yearsago.
介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配,
Whoisthegirlwithwhomyoujustshookhands?
(shakehandswith…是习惯性搭配)
介词常受先行词的制约(即介词和先行词的搭配),
Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.(throughwhich即throughthetelescope)
有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配,不可以拆开,(lookaftertakecareoflookfor)
e.g.5.Heisthestudent./Theteachersarelookingforhim.
Heisthestudentwhotheteachersarelookingfor.
6.Thenumberofthechildrenis30./Shetakescareofthechildren.
Thenumberofthechildrenwhoshetakescareofis30.
1.Thisisthehouseaboutwhichwewrotetoyou.
2.WuDong,withwhomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.
3.Heusedtoliveinabighouseinfrontofwhichgrewmanybananatrees.
4.ThisisPeterinwhosehouseIhavelivedforfiveyears.
关系副词:
whenwherewhy
当先行词是表示时间的名词,用when,在定语从句中充当时间状语,这时一般可以用介词+which来代替:
e.g.1.Iwillneverforgettheday./Iwenttouniversityonthatday.
Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichIwenttouniversity.
2.Hestillrememberthemorning./Theearthquakehappenedonthatmorning.
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当先行词是表示地点的名词,用where,在定语从句中充当地点状语,这时一般可以用介词+which来代替:
e.g.3.Thisisthehouse./Heusedtoliveinthehouse.
4.Iknowofaplaceinwhich/wherewecanswim
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先行词是表示原因的名词,即reason,用why,在定语从句中充当原因状语,这时一般可以用for+which来代替:
e.g.5.Idon’tknowthereason./Hediditforthisreason.
Idon’tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhedidit.
6.Thereasonforwhich/whyhewasfiredwasnotclear..
Iwillneverforgettheday_which/that/不填___wespenttogetherinthecountryside
Iwillneverforgetthedays__duringwhich/when___westayedtogetherinthecountryside
Thisisthereason__that/which/不填_theytoldme
Thisisthereason_forwhich/why__heturnedthejob
f
1.Iknowaforestwhereyoucanfindwildstrawberries.
2.Isthereanyreasonwhyyoushouldhaveaholiday.
3.IwillshowyouthewaytotheFriendshipHotelwhereforeignvisitorsarestaying.
4.Besuretocallonusnexttimewhenyoucometotown.
5.WeshallneverforgetthedayswhenwewereunitedasonetofightagainsttheJapanese.
第五讲
要注意判断关系词及关系词在从句中所充当的成分。
e.g.1.ThisisthehouseHevisitedityesterday.
Thisisthehouse.Heoncelivedinit.
Thisisthehousewhich/that//hevisitedyesterday.
Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichheoncelived.
2.Wewillremembertheday.Wespentthedaytogether.
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Wewillremembertheday.Weworkedonthisdaytogether.
1.IwillshowyoutothefactorywhichproducesthiskindofTVsets.
2.Iwillshowyoutothefactorywherehehasworkedforfiveyears.
3.Iwillshowyoutothefactorywhoseworkersarealldisabledpeople.
4.Iwillshowyoutothefactorywhichyourfactoryoncevisitedfiveyearsago.
第六讲
定语从句时特别注意的几个问题
as引导定语从句时的用法
1.as引导限制性定语从句通常用于thesame…as,such…as结构中。
e.g.SuchmachinesasareusedinourworkshoparemadeinChina.我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。
________________________________________________我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。
2.as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。
常用下列句型:
asisknowntoall,asissaid,asisreported,asisannounced,asweallknow,asIexpect等。
e.g.AsIexpected,hegotthefirstplaceagaininthismid-termexamination.正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。
关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词单数还是用复数应由先行词决定。
e.g.ThemanwholivesdownstairsspeaksEnglishfluently.
ThestudentswhoareinGradeThreearegoingtoclimbthehilltomorrow.
Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasgotverygoodmarks.(one为先行词)
Heisoneofthestudentswhohavegotgoodmarksinthematch.(students为先行词)
定语从句有时不直接紧靠先行词,中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
e.g.ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.
引导定语从句的关系副词有时可以用“介词+which”来代替。
e.g.October1,1949wasthedayonwhich(=when)thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.
几个特殊的定语从句句型:
1.Isthisplacetheone(that)wevisitedyesterday?
Isthistheplace(that/which)wevisitedyesterday?
2.situation后常用where,inwhich引导定语从句:
Canyouimagineasituationwhere/inwhichyoucanusetheword?
3.way(方式,方法)后常用inwhich或that或省略来引导定语从句,也可省略:
Doyouknowtheway(inwhich/that/how)heworkedouttheproblem?
4.Hestoodatthewindow,fromwherehecouldseewhatwashappening.
Itmayrain,inwhichcasethematchwillbeputoff.
1.Heisateacher,asisclearformhismanner.
2.Asisknowntoall,waterresourcesareverylimitedontheearth.
3.Heusedsuchexpressionsashecouldfindinthetexts.
4.Theystayedforthenightinthesameroomastheyhadoncerented
5.Idon’tlikethewayhespeaks.
6.HeisoneofthestudentswhoknowtheJapanese.
7.HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoknowstheJapanese.
1.Iwillneverforgettheday_which/that/不填___wespenttogetherinthecountryside
2.Thisisthereason__that/which/不填_theytoldme
Thisisthereason_forwhich/why__heturneddownthejob
非限制定语从句
1.逗号隔开
2.翻译成并列句,去掉之后句子完整
3.不能用that
4.which可以指代某一个先行词也可以指代一句话
Helosthisbook,whichmadehismotherveryangery
as在非限定性从句中的使用
1.表示正如。
。
一样
2.替代which放句首
HemustbefromAfrica,___which_canbeseenfromhisskin
Ascanbeseenfromhisskin,hemustbefromAfrica
Asisknowntoall,heisahero
Heisahero,whichisknowntoall
Itisknowntoallthatheisahero
Hehas2sons,oneofwhomisadoctor
Hehas2sonsandoneofthemisadoctor
Hehas2sons,neitherofwhomisadoctor
Heha