浅析傲慢与偏见中的女性主义Word格式.docx
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sfeministideas.ObservethemaleimageinAustin'
spen.TakeCollinsasanexampleandcombinethebackgroundoftheBritisheraatthattime.SummarizeAustin'
sfeministspirit.
Keywords:
PrideandPrejudice,JaneAusten,Mr.Collins,Feminism.
摘要
《傲慢与偏见》是奥斯汀的代表作之一。
通过对四段婚姻的描写来体现出当时英国社会的真实生活。
奥斯汀在其作品中也体现了她的女性主义倾向,在本文对男性角色的描写就可以看出。
奥斯汀也为当时乃至现在的女性主义研究做了很大的贡献。
本文将从女性主义的视角,研究《傲慢与偏见》,探究奥斯汀的女性主义思想。
观察奥斯汀笔下的男性形象,以柯林斯为例,结合当时英国的时代背景.总结出奥斯汀的女性主义精神。
关键词:
《傲慢与偏见》,简·
奥斯丁,柯林斯先生,女性主义,
Contents
Chapter1Introduction
JaneAustenhasbeenanoutstandingEnglishnovelistsincetheearly1790s.Sheauthoredsixnovels,eachputintoamovie.Throughtranslationintomanylanguages,alltheselanguageshavebeenintroducedintotherestoftheworld.JaneAustenisatruecharacterpainterandshouldbeclassifiedwiththosewhoareclosesttoShakespeareinthisregard(Austin,2001).
JaneAustenliveinSteventon,HampshireandshewasbornonDecember16,1775.HegrewupduringtheEnlightenment.HerfatherisownedbyDeanandSteventon,twoneighboringparishesinHampshire.Shehasahappyfamily,blessingandwisdomfromparents.In1782,JaneandhersisterreceivededucationinCooper.Austinhasnoformaleducation,butshelikestoread,andhehasgainedalotofknowledgefromthebook.ThereadinghabitsofthefamilyhadagreatimpactonAustin.Nomatterwhattypeofbookshelikestoread.SheisfluentinFrench,Italian,andhasalsoreadnovelsbyFieldingandRichardson.ShehasbrowsedalmostallthebooksofSpectatorandlovesDr.Johnson'
sworkandGoldsmith'
sBritishHistory.Inshort,Austin'
sreadingcontributedgreatlytoherwriting.Austinissaidtohavebegunwritingbeforehewastwelve."
Sheknowsthatwritingastoryisaveryinterestingthing.Althoughmanypeopleknowit,shethinksitisharmless,butdonotthinkaboutit"
(Austin,2001,page42).Reasonandemotion,prideandprejudicearethefirsteditionsofhernovelsfrom1795to1797.Despiteseveralfailedattempts,hernovel,ReasonandEmotion,waspublishedforthefirsttime.Afewyearsbeforehisdeath,thisgavehermotivationtoreviseherearlyworkandrestartwritingafteranintervalofthreetofouryears.
Theauthor'
scharacteristicsareusuallyimportantforhiswork.JaneAusten'
slifewasrelativelystable,withlittlechangeandnomajorcrisis.Duringtheincident,herlifewassimplybarren(Austin,2001).Sheisaveryattractivewoman.AnotherhighlightofAustinishiskeenobservation.Herlivingenvironmentandgrowingenvironmentareonlyrural,whichhasbecomealimitationofhercreation.Butsheisverycarefulandunderstandsthedetailsoflife,wecanalsoseethisinherworks.
Austinwasdifferentfromotherwriters,whenwarwasthetimewhenGothicnovelsprevailed.ButAustindeliberatelyavoidedmakinganimpact,exaggeratingandoverdoingit.Sheisafamousfemalewriterandaveryoutstandingpainter.Sherunscountertothenoveltrendatthetime.Hermindisfocusedonhumancharacterandmotivation,Thereisnogreatpurpose,butthereistactfulsatireandanalysis.
Herdadlikedtoreaditandrecommendedittothepublisher,buttheendresultwasnotsatisfactory.Shewasverydisappointed,sosheturnedtowritingnovels,namedPrideandPrejudice.Specifically,herpersonalroleliesbetweentheheroinewhopersuadesAnneandtheheroinewhoisarrogantandprejudiced(Southam,2002).Shevividlyportraysmanycharacters.Heramazinguseofsatireissurprising.Elizabeth'
sindependence,self-confidence,andrationalitytestifytoAustin'
sfeministtendencies.
Next,IwilltakeCollinsasanexampletostudyfeminism.Collinsisatypicalmalefigureinthetext.Fromtheauthor'
sdescriptionofhim,wecanalsoseetheauthor'
sfeministtendencyfromtheside.
Chapter2ResearchDesign
2.1Purposeoftheresearch
Withtheendoftheindustrialrevolution,theeconomicdevelopmentoftheWestisveryfastandwecanseethesocialandeconomicorganizationshavechanged.Atthesametime,theEnlightenmentandtheFeministMovementgraduallyemerged.Notonlywasrationalismaccepted,butfeminismwasgraduallyacceptedbythepublic.Inpatriarchalsociety,women'
sconsciousnessisbeginningtoattractattention.Womenalsorecognizetheirownself-worthandarefreedfromoppressionandrebirth.
Thousandsofyearsofhumancivilizationarealmostoccupiedbyamale-dominatedsocietythatusingmale’svision,ideasandprinciplestolooktheworld.Rousseauoncereferedthatthewoman’seducation,throughtheirlife,shouldbescheduledaccordingtotherelativerelationshipbetweenmen.Womenshouldmakemensatisfyandgivecontributiontomen,withtheirloveandshowtheirrespect,caterandtakecareofmen,anditistheirdutytomakemencomfortableandmakeman'
slivessweetandhappy.InRousseau’book,itiseasiertofindthatwomenweredeeplycontrolandinfluencedbymenineveryaspect.Womendonothaveunattachedlife.Withtheadvancementofsocietyandtheriseoffeminism,manyfemalewritersbegantousewordstosatirizeandcriticizemalerule,expressdissatisfactionandinjustice.
Attheendof18th,JaneAustenbecameaworld-famousBritishrealistliterarygiant.Inherwork,PrideandPrejudice,sheshapedtheimageofElizabethasaherowithgreatsuccessful.Elizabethhas
independentspiritandsheisnotaman'
sfoilandvassal,norisitmaledesire.Theobjectistoshowahighdegreeofself-confidenceandindependence-sharplyrevealingthephenomenonofmenbeinginferiortowomeninBritishsocietyfromtheperspectiveofwomen,encouragingwoman’spursuitofequality,seekingwaystobetraythepatriarchalsocietyanddevelopingFemaleawareness.
InPrideandPrejudice,JaneAusten,withheruniqueperspective,portrayingthesituationofBritishmaleesteemandhumilityinthatspecialtime.Sheventedherdissatisfactionandcritiquedmaledomination.Thisbookhasaprofoundimpact,thefuturegenerationsstillpraiseAustenforshedevotingherselftoadvancethefreeandequalgenderconsciousness.
2.2Significanceoftheresearch
Thisnovelpublishedin1813andwasJaneAusten‘searliestworks.Butforaquitelongtime,noonehasnoticedthisgiantbook.Somereviews,especiallytheoneslivingbefore20th,suggestedthereasonwastheworlddescribedinthenovelwassolimitedandtheauthordidnotshowthetrueandfull-scaleofeverydaylife.Till20thcentury,theideaoffeminismbegantodeveloprapidly,moreandmorecriticsfoundthisnovelcriticizingthesocietyandregardedAustinasarebelfeministwriter.Thethemeexposedthetruepositionofwomananddescribedthediscriminationandunfairwomenhadinthepatriarchalsociety.RebeccaWestbelievedJaneAustenhad“veryfeministconscious"
andpraisedherintheprefaceofthenovel.Thediscussionwith"
strongemotionsandboldideas"
wassouniqueandimpressed.SomemalecriticshavecriticizedJane'
sworkbecausesheistoofeminine.However,itisthisfeminineworkthatrejectstheprejudiceagainstwomeninpatriarchalsociety.Inthe18thcentury,MiltonandRousseaurepresentedastheman'
sidolsanddeclaredwomanthattheyattractingmenbyusingtheircomplianceandimperfection.Theenlightenmentrationalitycontributedthedevelopmentoffeminist,buttheydonotrequirethechangeofwomen'
sstatusinthelawandtheconstitution.Theyjustwanttouserationalargumentstorefutetheprejudiceofmen.JaneAusten'
sPrideandPrejudicefullyshowsThesadlifeofthemiddleclassinoneperiodreflectedthetemperament,role,andstatusofwomenatthattime,andrevealedthephenomenonofmenbeinginferiortowomeninBritishsociety.Inthe18th-19thcentury,theeraofpatriarchalculturedominatingtheworldcanbesaidtobethereflectionoftheemergenceoffeministconsciousness,givingthefoundationofthelaterfeministmovement.Today,asfemaleculturedevelopsdeeperintotheworld,thestudyoffeminisminarroganceandprejudicestillhasthepracticalsignificanceof"
gratitudeforthesourceofbenefit"
.
2.3Researchapproaches
ThisarticlewillexamineJaneAusten'
sfeministtendencies.IwillanalyzeAustin'
slifeandeducationalbackground.Onthebasisofstudyingtheanalysisathomeandabroad,IwillanalyzeCollins'
characterstatusinthetext,reflectingtheuglinessofthemalesocietyfromtheside.ItfollowsthatAustinisafeminist.
Chapter3IntroductiontoFeminismandApproachesofFeminist
3.1Definitionoffeminism
Enlightenmentwasthebeginningoffeminism.Patriarchyhasaprofoundinfluenceontheworld.Fromtheperspectiveofmen,womenareverylow,theirvaluesareoftendestroyed.Womenwillbeoppressedandhurtindifferentdegreesineconomy,politicsandsociety.Theanalysisoffeminismshowsthatthereasonwhywomenareinaweakpositioninpatriarchalsocietyisculturalandeconomicfactors,notbiologicalfactors.Feministshavewarnedthatifwomenaretoliberatethemselves,theyshouldcontinuetoworkandchangetheirsituation.Frenchfeministssaythatmennotonlycontroltheireconomy,theirsourceoflife,butalsotheirpsychologyandthoughts.Inaddition,patriarchyplaysdifferentrolesindifferentcountries,racesandclasses.Feministshavealongwaytogo.Whatwomensho